Showing papers in "Chemosphere in 1988"

TL;DR: In this article, a compilation of 250 chemicals identified in the effluents from pulp mills is presented, and available data on their environmentally relevant properties tabulated, including water solubility, vapour pressure, dissociation constant, and octanol-water partition coefficient.

TL;DR: In this article, simple properties of chemicals -half-life (T1/2), log octanol-water partition coefficient (log Kow) and Henery's Law constant (Hc) -were developed to screen organic chemicals for potential plant uptake.

TL;DR: In this article, a compilation of available literature data on uptake efficiencies of hydrophobic, organic chemicals from food by fish is presented, and it is shown that the uptake efficiency of chemical from food (EO) follows a relationship with the 1-octanol-water partition coefficient (KOW), i.e., 1EO = 5.10−8.3.

TL;DR: In this article, the contents of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn have been determined in wild growing mushrooms in polluted and unpolluted regions and no relation with pH and organic matter content of the soil could be observed.

TL;DR: Aqueous solubility, n-octanol/water partition coefficient and bioconcentration factor are compiled for 107 chemicals in this article, and it is shown that there is no significant advantage in using the NOC instead of the AUC.

TL;DR: The total organic volatile compounds and fingerprints of the compounds in indoor air have been studied in this article and the exhaust from wet process copying machines was found to be the common and major volatile organic compound in office buildings.

TL;DR: In this paper, the chlorobiphenyl congeners were determined in different fish species using soxhlet extractions with different combinations of solvents, and the results were compared with the results obtained with saponification.

TL;DR: In this article, samples of pulp and process liquors collected at various sites in a mill producing bleached softwood kraft pulp were analyzed with respect to PCDDs and PCDFs.

TL;DR: Dosage de six nitro-and de trois dinitrophenols dans les eaux de pluies recueillies sur site urbain en Suisse, par chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplee a une spectrometrie de masse Des etudes recentes montrent que ces composes sont des polluants secondaires formes apres transformation tropospherique de composes aromatiques tels que le toluene and les methylphenols as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, a correlation model is presented which relates log Koc to molecular connectivity indices (MCI) for a variety of organic compounds, and linear relationships are greatly improved when MCI indices relating to non-dispersive intermolecular interactions are included in the regression model.

TL;DR: A brown alga was extracted with chloroform-methanol, and the arsenic compound was purified further by hexane/acetonitrile partition, chromatography on Sephadex LH-20, and on silicagel HPLC, indicating that the lipid-soluble compound is dipalmitoylglycerophospho-2-hydroxypropyl-5-deoxy-5-(dimethylarsinoyl)-β-ribofuranos

TL;DR: In this article, the complete photocatalytic degradation of two polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and one polychlorined biphenyl to CO 2 and HC 1 was investigated in aerated aqueous suspensions of several semiconductors (TiO 2, ZnO, CdS, TiO 2 Pt 5% by weight, and Fe 2 O 3 ) irradiated by simulated solar light.

TL;DR: The most important determinants for a reliable experimental result were shown to be the choice and the number of reference substances, whereas the dead-time determination, the use of a guard column, the choice of the analytical column, and the temperature have little or no effect on the result as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple atmospheric model and measured global radiation intensities were used for estimating the rate of photochemically induced abiotic transformation processes of pollutants in natural waters or the lower troposphere.

TL;DR: In this article, isomerspecific analyses revealed several toxic polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) including 2,3,7,8-tetra-, 1,2,4,7-8-penta-, 1.2,5, 5.4, 3.7, 4.5, 26, 7.2 and 7.5 respectively.

TL;DR: In this article, soil residues of atrazine, alachlor, and cyanazine were measured in no-till corn plots that had received annual herbicide applications from 1981-1985.

TL;DR: In this article, the determination of soil adsorption coefficients via High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) capacity factors has been studied, including the effect of column type and mobile phase composition on the correlation between Log Koc and Log k.

TL;DR: Methods are described for the continuous laboratory culture of three European macroinvertebrates species, the dipteran Chironomus riparius, the amphipod Gammarus pulex and the isopod Asellus aquaticus, for their use as test species to assess both acute and chronic toxicity responses.

TL;DR: In this paper, a Freundlich model for chlorophenols at infinite dilution was proposed, which is valid for all investigated soils, including the synthetic "soils", and the increase of non-extractable fractions chlorophenol was described with a square root of time relation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the solubility behavior of several aromatic and polynuclear aromatic pollutants was determined in a variety of water/cosolvent mixtures and the data were used to test a log-linear solubile model and develop a relationship for determining the slope of the loglinear SL curve.

TL;DR: In this article, first-order biotic and abiotic degradation rate constants of 14 pesticides were determined in estuarine water and sediment/water slurry systems using test systems used environmentally realistic concentrations of pesticides in sterile and non-sterile samples taken directly from the field.

TL;DR: In this article, six methods for estimating log k ow were evaluated using a set of experimental values for 64 aromatic compounds for which the estimation methods examined included two group contribution methods and four correlative methods utilizing molecular weight, HPLC retention time, molecular connectivity index and total molecular surface area.

TL;DR: Aqueous solubilities and Henry's Law constants were measured for selected PCB congeners for evaluation of quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPRs) relating chlorine substitution pattern to the chemical parameter.

TL;DR: In this article, 50 different chimney soot samples from house heating in the area of Bayreuth, Germany, were analyzed for PCDD/F and their isomer patterns were similar to those from municipal waste incinerators.

TL;DR: In this article, the concentration level of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and dibenzofurans (PCDF) was determined in the blubber from 7 Arctic ringed seals caught outside the west coast of Spitzbergen.

TL;DR: In this paper, the concentrations of 42 chlorinated hydrocarbons and 16 volatile compounds were simultaneously measured in ambient air during the period of one year in the city of Hamburg, Germany.

TL;DR: AHH induction potency normalized to TCDD was as high as 666 pg/g in fish; PCB residues in one sediment sample appeared to have undergone reductive dechlorination by anaerobic microorganisms as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, a generator-column technique was used to measure the aqueous solubility of 13 individual PCB, PBB, methylbiphenyl, PCDF, and PCDD isomers at several different temperatures.