Showing papers in "Chemosphere in 2002"

TL;DR: In this paper, the current state of knowledge is reviewed and areas for further research recommended to improve future monitoring and risk assessment efforts, and the authors suggest that the occurrence of high concentrations of certain PBDE isomers may be sufficient to elicit adverse effects in some wildlife.

TL;DR: The ecological aspects of mined soil restoration is reviewed, with special emphasis on maintaining a long-term sustainable vegetation on toxic metal mine sites, to remediate the adverse physical and chemical properties of the sites.

TL;DR: Results of these spectroscopic studies confirm the heterogeneous nature of NOM, and point out the importance of isolation and improved characterization of various NOM subcomponents in order to better understand the behavior and roles of Nom in the natural environment.

TL;DR: This review of 120 references presents the wide scale of heterogeneous water phase applications studied mainly within past five years, both oxidation and hydrogenation processes are included as well as TiO2 assisted photocatalysis.

TL;DR: This paper summarizes the available toxicological evidence for PBDE-induced thyroid hormone disruption, neurodevelopmental deficits, and, for some congeners, cancer, and provides a perspective on the potential risks of the PBDEs for human health.

TL;DR: The experimental results indicate that an optimal content of 0.75%Pt- TiO2 achieves the best photocatalytic performance of MB and MO degradation and that the Pt-TiO2 catalyst can be sensitized by visible light.

TL;DR: The kinetics of heat-assisted persulfate oxidation of methyl tert-butyl ether in aqueous solutions at various pH, temperature, oxidant concentration and ionic strength levels was studied and the MTBE degradation was found to follow a pseudo-first-order decay model.

TL;DR: High levels of the commonly used, effective bactericide Triclosan was found in three out of five randomly selected human milk samples and in wild living fish from the receiving waters of the three wastewater treatment plants.

TL;DR: In this study, strains that are capable of bioaccumulating Cr(VI) were isolated from treated tannery effluent of a common effluent treatment plant and biosorption capabilities of living and dead cells were analysed.

TL;DR: It is concluded that solar light induced degradation of textile dye in wastewater is a viable technique for wastewater treatment.

TL;DR: Iron compounds and organic matter seem to play a significant role in regulating this labile P-budget and NH4Cl-P was the more reactive fraction in Lake Koronia which was influenced by sedimentation of P- absorption on clay/silt fine particles.

TL;DR: The persistence of a low level of TOC indicated that mineralization was not complete and dead-end product(s) which was (were) resistant to PCO might have accumulated, and the PCO process was affected by pH in a peculiar way.

TL;DR: Both advanced electrochemical oxidation processes (AEOPs) show moderate energy costs, which increase with increasing electrolysis time and applied current, since some intermediates coagulate with the Fe(OH)3 precipitate formed.

TL;DR: Several metals in urban soils of Seville were extracted by two methods, which respectively give estimates of the available and 'quasi total' contents, and it was shown that the contents in these metals tend to increase as the historic quarters of the city are approached.

TL;DR: Under aerobic conditions, DEP, DPP, DBP, dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCP), DPhP, BBP and BBP were easily degraded, but DEP and DEHP were difficult to degrade; under anaerobic conditions, DBp, D Phthalate andBBP were able to be degraded,but DEHP was difficult to degraded.

TL;DR: Both the model prediction and the experimental results show that the decomposition rate could be complicated particularly by the availability of Fe2+.

TL;DR: VOC concentrations in the winter were higher than those measured in the summer (winter to summer ratio > 1) and there is a necessity to tighten automobile emission standards in Hong Kong.

TL;DR: Comparison between morphological tissues of the sampled plants found that roots consistently presented higher metal concentrations than either the stems or leaves, however unlike previous studies, this investigation revealed no consistent trend of stems accumulating more metals than the leaves.

TL;DR: Neither ecotoxicological effects nor estrogenic effects are likely to occur in the field situation based on present measured concentrations in surface water and on literature derived toxicity data.

TL;DR: Particulate sulfate and nitrate and gaseous nitric acid concentrations were relatively higher in the daytime than those in the nighttime during the both seasons, which indicates that the droplet phase reactions and gas phase reactions are important for the oxidation of SO2 to sulfate.

TL;DR: A sequential extraction scheme according to the BCR's guidelines was applied to sludge samples collected from each sludge treatment step of five municipal activated sludge plants, and results showed a clear rise along thesludge treatment in the proportion of two less-available fractions.

TL;DR: A preliminary global estimate indicates that there are likely more than enough sources to provide the amount of methane required to account for the suspected missing source of fossil CH4.

TL;DR: A review of particle characteristics that are used as source signatures as well as their general advantages and limitations are reviewed.

TL;DR: The concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in harbor seals in the San Francisco Bay have increased dramatically over the past decade, with current levels among the highest reported for this species.

TL;DR: In this paper, the development of modified montmorillonites as adsorbents for water treatment has been discussed, and preliminary adsorption studies on phenol have shown that polymeric Al/HDTMA-and HDTMA only modified versions possess a good affinity for phenol.

TL;DR: This work deals with the degradation of hydrolyzed Reactive Yellow 84 (Color Index), a widely used azo dye in textile finishing processes with two monochlorotriazine anchor groups by ozonation in a laboratory scale cylindric batch reactor.

TL;DR: Although leachate toxicity significantly correlated with COD and ammonia in untreated and treated leachates, in some stripping and ozonation experiments toxicity was increased in spite of CODand ammonia removals, indicating poor biological treatability.

TL;DR: There was a strong positive relationship between PBDE concentrations in human milk and dietary intake of fish and shellfish, which was established in the women from responses to a questionaire on food consumption habits, and this raises a concern about low level PBDE contamination ofFish and other foods intended for human consumption.

TL;DR: Receptor models infer contributions from particulate matter (PM) source types using multivariate measurements of particle chemical and physical properties, and complement source models that estimate concentrations from emissions inventories and transport meteorology.

TL;DR: A method for spiking performance reference compounds (PRCs) into low density polyethylene (LDPE) and silicone polymers is described, based on equilibration of the polymers in aqueous/methanolic solutions of PRCs.