Showing papers in "Chest in 2003"

TL;DR: Elderly patients with clinical signs suggestive of dysphagia and/or who have CAP should be referred for a swallow evaluation and consideration for treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.

TL;DR: Animal studies and preliminary clinical results suggest that protein C/activated protein C supplementation may be useful in reversing microvascular dysfunction, and the mechanisms by which inflammation impairs the function of this pathway are reviewed.

TL;DR: PET scanning is more accurate than CT scanning or EUS for detecting mediastinal metastases and the NPVs of the clinical evaluations for brain, abdominal, and bone metastases are > or = 90%, suggesting that routinely imaging asymptomatic lung cancer patients may not be necessary.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the standardized 6-min walk test (6MWT) to measure the impact of multiple comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, lung disease, arthritis, diabetes and cognitive dysfunction and depression, on exercise capacity and endurance in older adults.

TL;DR: The prognosis for patients who have been admitted to the hospital for acute exacerbation of COPD is poor and long-term use of oral corticosteroids, higher PaCO(2), and older age could be identified as risk factors associated with higher mortality.

TL;DR: Very high radiation dose treatments were tolerated in this population of medically inoperable patients with stage I NSCLC using ESR techniques.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of baseline variables, including treatment, on outcome in patients with nosocomial pneumonia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was assessed by survival and clinical cure rates.

TL;DR: These guidelines could be used as a guide to hospital nursing, respiratory therapy and administrative departments who wish to develop these services and dedicated operators who display competency in these individual procedures should have less difficulty overcoming the barriers that sometimes exist within local hospital credentialing committees.

TL;DR: Compared to healthy volunteers, patients with primary lung cancer had abnormal breath test findings that were consistent with the accelerated catabolism of alkanes and monomethylated alkanes, and a predictive model employing nine VOCs exhibited sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be considered as a screen for lung cancer in a high-risk population such as adult smokers.

TL;DR: The sensitivity of bronchoscopy is high for endobronchial disease and poor for peripheral lesions that are < 2 cm in diameter, and the distinction between small cell lung cancer and non-small Cell lung cancer by cytology appears to be accurate.

TL;DR: Inappropriate antimicrobial treatment is the most important influence on outcome in patients admitted to the ICU for community-acquired BSI, particularly in presence of septic shock or high degrees of severity.

TL;DR: Despite having similar hemodynamics, patients with SScPH have a higher risk of death than patients with PPH, and future studies of the mechanism and therapy of pulmonary arterial hypertension should focus on the distinctions between the different forms of this disease.

TL;DR: Tertile III of caloric intake was associated with a significantly lower likelihood of both hospital discharge alive and spontaneous ventilation prior to ICU discharge, while study participants were underfed relative to ACCP targets.

TL;DR: The overall prevalence of COPD in adults appears to lie between 4% and 10% in countries where it has been rigorously measured, and some of the variation attributed to differences in risk exposure or population characteristics may be influenced by the methods and definitions used to measure disease.

TL;DR: In a heterogeneous ICU population, elevated concentrations of serum CRP on ICU admission are correlated with an increased risk of organ failure and death, and persistently high CRP concentrations are associated with a poor outcome.

TL;DR: Although the precise mechanism of this beneficial effect requires further investigation, clinicians should consider this nonintrusive strategy in addition to standard analgesic medications in patients undergoing painful, invasive procedures.

TL;DR: Invasive clinical staging of NSCLC can be performed effectively by TBNA, TTNA, EUS-NA, or mediastinoscopy, dependent on the degree of suspicion for metastatic disease, the patient's comorbid illnesses, and the availability and performance characteristics of procedural options.

TL;DR: Studies completed over the past 10 years show that platelet responses to thrombin are mediated by a subset of G protein-coupled receptors known as protease-activated receptors, initiating the intracellular signaling events needed to transform mobile, nonadhesive platelets into cells that can participate in the growth of an immobile hemostatic plug.

TL;DR: Anticoagulant drugs may prove efficacious in cancer treatment due to their ability to reduce the characteristic hypercoagulability of cancer and alter the fundamental biology of cancer.

TL;DR: In patients with progressive stage II or III pulmonary sarcoidosis, etanercept was frequently associated with early or late treatment failure, and data would not support the design of a large multicenter randomized trial comparing etanenercept with conventional corticosteroid therapy.

TL;DR: Proactive interventions from a palliative care consultant within this subset of patients decreased the use of nonbeneficial resources and avoided protracted dying.

TL;DR: In patients with septic shock, the findings demonstrate that, in contrast to CVP, the transpulmonary thermodilution GEDV index behaves as an indicator of cardiac preload.

TL;DR: The preoperative physiologic assessment of a patient being considered for surgical resection of lung cancer must consider the immediate perioperative risks from comorbid cardiopulmonary disease, the long-term risks of pulmonary disability, and the threat to survival due to inadequately treated lung cancer.

TL;DR: In bed-bound patients with COPD receiving mechanical ventilation, with marked peripheral muscle hypotonia and atrophy, application of ES in addition to classical ALM significantly improved muscle strength and decreased the number of days needed to transfer to chair.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantified the proportion of the general population with OLD and the intersections of physician-diagnosed asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema in the United States and the United Kingdom, and examined the relationship to obstructive spirometry.

TL;DR: Treatment with FSC substantially improved morning lung function and sustained these improvements for over a period of 24 weeks compared with FP or SM treatment alone in patients with COPD, with no additional safety concerns for the combination treatment vs that with the individual components.

TL;DR: In patients presenting with a clinical syndrome suggestive of IIP, CT findings of lower-lung honeycombing and upper- lung irregular lines are most closely associated with a pathologic diagnosis of UIP.

TL;DR: Low BMI, but not high BMI, is associated with increased mortality and worsened hospital discharge functional status, and LOS is increased in severely obese patients and, to a lesser extent, in underweight patients.

TL;DR: In selected patients with a severe asthma attack, the addition of BPV to conventional treatment can improve lung function, alleviate the attack faster, and significantly reduce the need for hospitalization.