Showing papers in "Chest in 2012"

TL;DR: Strong recommendations apply to most patients, whereas weak recommendations are sensitive to differences among patients, including their preferences.

TL;DR: Recommendations on 12 topics that were in the 9th edition of these guidelines are updated, and 3 new topics are addressed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on optimal prophylaxis to reduce postoperative pulmonary embolism and DVT following major orthopedic surgery, and suggest the use of low-molecular-weight heparin in preference to the other agents we have recommended as alternatives.

TL;DR: Optimal strategies for thromboprophylaxis after major orthopedic surgery include pharmacologic and mechanical approaches.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed recommendations for thromboprophylaxis in nonorthopedic surgical patients by using systematic methods as described in Methodology for the Development of Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis Guidelines.

TL;DR: The eighth iteration of the American College of Chest Physicians Antithrombotic Guidelines presented, in a paper version, a narrative evidence summary and rationale for the recommendations, a small number of evidence profiles summarizing bodies of evidence, and some articles with quite extensive summary tables of primary studies.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a perioperative anticoagulation management for patients with thromboembolism and bleeding, which is based on risk assessment for risk assessment.

TL;DR: There is a large amount of evidence on laboratory and clinical characteristics of vitamin K antagonists and a growing body of evidence is becoming available on the first new oral anticoagulant drugs available for clinical use, dabigatran and rivaroxaban.

TL;DR: The evidence supporting most recommendations for antithrombotic therapy in neonates and children remains weak and Studies addressing appropriate drug target ranges and monitoring requirements are urgently required in addition to site- and clinical situation-specific thrombosis management strategies.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on the management of VTE and thrombophilia as well as the use of antithrombotic agents during pregnancy. But they did not consider the risk of pregnancy complications.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the common important management questions for which, at a minimum, low-quality published evidence is available to guide best practices and provide guidance for many common anticoagulation-related management problems.

TL;DR: Oral anticoagulation is the optimal choice of antithrombotic therapy for patients with AF at high risk of stroke (CHADS(2) score of ≥ 2) and at lower levels of stroke risk, antithROMbotic treatment decisions will require a more individualized approach.

TL;DR: Comprehensive analysis of survival from time of diagnosis in a large cohort of patients with PAH suggests considerable improvements in survival in the past 2 decades since the establishment of the NIH registry.

TL;DR: This article suggests that platelet count monitoring should be performed every 2 or 3 days for patients receiving heparin in whom clinicians consider the risk of HIT to be > 1%, and suggests the use of argatroban or lepirudin or danaparoid over other nonheparin anticoagulants.

TL;DR: Three additional parenteral direct thrombin inhibitors and danaparoid are approved as alternatives to heparin in patients with HIT, and fondaparinux-associated HIT or osteoporosis is unlikely to occur.

TL;DR: Oral anticoagulation is the optimal choice of antithrombotic therapy for patients with AF with ≥1 non‐sex CHA2DS2‐VASc stroke risk factor(s), and stroke prevention (ie, oral antICOagulation therapy) is the next step.

TL;DR: The potential benefit of antiinflammatory therapies in iPAH is of importance and requires further study, and the approach is untested in idiopathic PAH (iPAH).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the identification of optimal strategies for the diagnosis of DVT in ambulatory adults, and suggest that clinical assessment of pretest probability of DVTs, rather than performing the same tests in all patients, should guide the diagnostic process for a first lower extremity DVT (Grade 2B).

TL;DR: Guided bronchoscopy may be an alternative or be complementary to TTNA for tissue sampling of PN, but further study is needed to determine its role in the evaluation of peripheral pulmonary lesions.

TL;DR: This guideline provides recommendations based on the optimal balance of thrombotic and hemorrhagic risk in valvular disease and recommends vitamin K antagonist therapy for rheumatic mitral disease and valve repair.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors found that using an e-cigarette for 5 min led to an immediate decrease in F ENO within the experimental group by 2.14 ppb (P 5.005) but not in the control group (P5.859), total respiratory impedance at 5 Hz in the experimental groups was found to also increase by 0.033 kPa/(L/s) (P,.001), and fl ow respiratory resistance at 5, 10, and 20 Hz also statistically increased.

TL;DR: The article describes the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of aspirin, dipyridamole, cilostazol, the thienopyridines, and the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists along with a mechanistic overview of results of randomized clinical trials.

TL;DR: The REVEAL Registry predictive algorithm and simplified risk score calculator are well calibrated and demonstrate good discriminatory ability in patients with newly or previously diagnosed PAH.

TL;DR: This guideline focuses on long-term administration of antithrombotic drugs designed for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, including two new antiplatelet therapies.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provided recommendations on the use of antithrombotic therapy in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), based on high (A), moderate (B), and low (C) quality evidence.

TL;DR: Elevated CLCR appears to be an important predictor of subtherapeutic β-lactam concentrations and suggests an important role in identifying such patients in the ICU.

TL;DR: High-quality epidemiologic studies are clearly required to improve understanding of the worldwide burden of AF and stroke in AF, and major improvements in the provision of thromboprophylaxis are also needed in many countries.

TL;DR: Cognitive impairment can be measured objectively with tests such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, the Psychomotor Vigilance Task, the Steer Clear Performance Test, and tests of repetitive finger tapping.

TL;DR: In this paper, Treprostinil diolamine, a sustained-release oral formulation of treprostil, was studied to determine whether it could provide a more convenient prostacyclin treatment option for patients with less severe pulmonary arterial hypertension.