Showing papers in "Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America in 2013"

TL;DR: The clinical severity, impact on development, and poor prognosis of childhood onset schizophrenia may represent a more homogeneous group and positive symptoms in children are necessary for the diagnosis and hallucinations are more often multimodal.

TL;DR: The evidence linking brain structural changes in prepsychosis development and early-onset schizophrenia with disruptions of normal neurodevelopmental processes during childhood or adolescence is described.

TL;DR: The scope of the problem is introduced, the evidence for causal relationships between childhood adversities and increased risk for psychosis is discussed, and the relationship between specific types of trauma and their association with specific psychotic symptoms is described.

TL;DR: Evidence to date suggests that the context in which PP is delivered should be extended from the traditional context of individual therapy and parents should be included in the treatment of children.

TL;DR: The connections between ASD and psychosis are reviewed, and the key points to consider in patients who present with these "autism-plus" disorders are highlighted.

TL;DR: There is a need to flesh out the evidence base, which could be done cost effectively for supplements or off-label agents that are amenable to placebo control.

TL;DR: The epidemiology, associated diagnoses, and prognosis of hallucinations and delusions in youth, including schizophrenia spectrum disorder and other psychiatric disorders, are reviewed.

TL;DR: This article summarizes and synthesizes available data with regards to the profile of cognitive impairments in EOS, their severity, and their evolution over the course of the disorder.

TL;DR: An examination is presented of the neurodevelopmental changes affecting the teenager's capacity to mentalize and the role of such compromised mentalizing in the adolescent's vulnerability to adaptive breakdown and psychopathology, in general and to emerging personality disorders, in particular.

TL;DR: The psychosis prodrome offers great promise for identifying neural mechanisms involved in psychotic disorders and offers an opportunity to implement empirical interventions to delay, and ultimately ameliorate, illness onset, according to standardized measurement and manifestation of the CHR syndromes.

TL;DR: This article provides a conceptual overview for the use of biomedical complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments for autism spectrum disorders, and the current database of mostly preliminary studies regarding their safety and efficacy.

TL;DR: COS seems to be a rare variant of AOS with greater familial aggregation of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and higher occurrence of rare allelic variants.

TL;DR: This review begins with the question "What is childhood trauma?" Diagnosis is discussed next, and then the article focuses on treatment, using 3 basic principles-abreaction, context, and correction.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of the published literature found 60 congenital and acquired disorders with symptoms that include psychosis in youth, and a systematic and cost-effective differential diagnostic approach based on estimated prevalence and most prominent associated signs is recommended.

TL;DR: The manual for short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy for adolescents with moderate to severe depression, developed for the IMPACT Study from Great Britain, informs the psychodynamic approach presented herein.

TL;DR: Clozapine has the best efficacy of all antipsychotic medications in adults as well as children and adolescents who are treatment resistant and Guidance is provided for the management of clozAPine side effects.

TL;DR: The historical and empiric foundations of dyadic psychotherapy are reviewed, highlighting the evolution of the central tenet that very young children exist in a relational context and the target of therapeutic intervention must be the caregiver-child relationship.

TL;DR: Well-designed, adequately powered, and suitably controlled clinical trials on promising complementary and integrative modalities are needed for children and adolescents with psychiatric conditions.

TL;DR: How the findings, although limited, suggest that further research into psychodynamic treatments of EDs in youth is warranted are discussed are discussed.

TL;DR: The literature for the most pressing diagnostic and treatment challenges faced in working with adolescents involving psychoeducation, engagement of the patient and family in the treatment process, and use of antipsychotic medications are reviewed.

TL;DR: The extent of each of these issues is examined, guidance is provided as to what evidence there exists on which to base interventions, and such evidence is described.

TL;DR: The therapeutic value of physical exercise, bright light therapy and dawn simulation, and several pharmacologic treatments, including hypericum (St. John's wort), S-adenosylmethionine, and 5-hydroxytryptophan, are reviewed, with a focus on their use for treating major depressive disorder in children and adolescents.

TL;DR: A detailed overview of psychodynamic psychotherapy is presented, along with 2 cases illustrating the use of CAPP in young patients with anxiety, and tables and boxes summarizing CAPP therapeutic processes and strategies as intervention for anxious youth are presented.

TL;DR: The authors outline how understanding the meaning of medications to all those involved in the prescribing process can help integrate the thinking about this complex interaction with patients and their families.

TL;DR: This article provides a selective review of the neuroscience and child-psychoanalytic literature, focusing on areas of significant overlap and emphasizing comprehensive theories in developmental Neuroscience and child psychoanalysis with testable mechanisms of action.

TL;DR: Rates of lifetime psychotic symptoms are higher than rates of psychosis during a current episode of mania or depression, at least in youth, and rates vary widely between studies.

TL;DR: Clinical examples are presented to illustrate how the author uses play in the clinical situation to teach children to use play as a means of communication and to create meaning.

TL;DR: A review of treatments for reading disorder, mathematics disorder, disorder of written expression, auditory processing disorder, and poor working memory can be found in this paper, which has direct implications for providing comprehensive, multidisciplinary treatment for youth.

TL;DR: Despite inconclusive data on the efficacy and safety of many CAM treatments in child and adolescent psychiatry, there are enough data on certain treatments to provide guidance to clinicians and researchers.

TL;DR: A continuum of family interventions targeting interactions that shape the child's mind are reviewed, and guidance is offered to the clinician about when to use individual and family approaches.