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Showing papers in "Chinese Science Bulletin in 1999"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, major progress, problems, and challenges of recent investigation of the Tibetan Plateau uplift processes and resulting environmental changes are reviewed and summarized briefly, which especially covers the National Tibetan Research Projects of the Chinese Eighth (1992-1996) and Ninth (1997-2001) five-year projects.
Abstract: Major progress, problems, and challenges of recent investigation of the Tibetan Plateau uplift processes and resulting environmental changes are reviewed and summarized briefly, which especially covers the National Tibetan Research Projects of the Chinese Eighth (1992—1996) and Ninth (1997—2001) "Five-Year Projects" The Tibetan Plateau uplift is a complicated multiple cyclic process The Gangdise and Himalayas began to uplift in the Middle Eocene and Early Miocene respectively, while the main part of the Plateau merely underwent corresponding passive deformation and secular denudation, resulting in two planation surfaces The third and also the strongest uplift involved the whole Plateau and its marginal mountains commenced at 36 Ma Successive Kunlun-Huanghe movement at 11—06 Ma and Gonghe movement at 015 Ma raised the Plateau to its present height The Asian monsoonal system and Asian natural environment formed in response to these tectonic uplifts

440 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Basic theory, practical method and application of extension theory in economy, management, control and artificial intelligence will be introduced.
Abstract: The articleExtension Set and Noncompatible Problems was published in 1983. It proclaimed the birth of extension theory. Its objects of study are contradictory problems in the realistic world; its theoretical pillars are matter element theory and extension set theory. Its basic methods are extension methods. Its practical methods are extension engineering methods, including the extension information method, extension system method and extension decision method, etc. Basic theory, practical method and application of extension theory in economy, management, control and artificial intelligence will be introduced.

265 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new cell membrane preparation, silica carrier cell membrane (CCM), has been presented, in which cell membrane was immobilized on silica which acted as carrier by the absorption, which showed that the silica CCM still keeps the same enzymatic activity as the other two states of cell membranes.
Abstract: A new cell membrane preparation silica carrier cell membrane (CCM), has been presented, in which cell membrane was immobilized on silica which acted as carrier by the absorption The surface characteristics of the silica CCM have been tested by a scanning electron microscope and surface energy spectrometer Comparison has been made of the changeable rule of enzymatic activity of rabbit red cell membrane in three states: the silica CCM, the suspension and the precipitation cell membranes, with temperature and time The result showed that the silica CCM still keeps the same enzymatic activity as the other two states of cell membranes The interactions between calcium antagonists and rabbi red and cardiac muscle cell membranes, and the stereoscopic interactions between dihydropridines and rabbit cerebellar cell membrane have been investigated by the chromatographic system of the silica CCM as a stationary phase From the foregoing results, the chromatographic parameters obtained from the system would be expected to indicate the special interaction and enantioselectivity between drugs and membrane receptorsin vivo

102 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the areal extent of cold freshwater wetlands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is estimated at 0.133 × 106 km2, suggesting a significant methane potential.
Abstract: The areal extent of cold freshwater wetlands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is estimated at 0.133 × 106 km2, suggesting a significant methane potential. Methane fluxes from wet alpine meadows, peatlands,Hippuris vulgaris mires and secondary marshes were 43.18, 12.96, −0.28 and 45.90 mg · m−2 · d−1, respectively based on the transect flux studies at the Huashixia Permafrost Station (HPS) from July to August 1996. Average CH4 fluxes in the thaw season were extrapolated at 5.68 g · m−2 according to the areal percentage of wetland areas in the Huashixia region. The CH4 fluxes at four fixed sites, representative of similar ecosystems, ranged from −19.384–347.15 mg · m−2 · d−1, and the average CH4 fluxes varied from 6.54 to 71.97 mg · m−2 · d−1 at each site during the observation period from April to September 1997. The CH4 emissions at each site during the entire thaw season was estimated from 1.21 to 10.65 g · m−2, displaying strong spatial variations. Seasonal variations of CH4 fluxes also were observed at four sites: CH4 outbursts occurred upon the spring thaw in May and June, CH4 fluxes increased afterwards with rising soil temperatures. Episodic fluxes were observed in summer, which influenced the average CH4 fluxes considerably. Annual CH4 emissions from cold wetlands on the QTP were estimated at about 0.7–0.9 Tg based on the distribution of wetlands, representative CH4 fluxes, and number of thaw days. The centers of CH4 releasing were located in the sources of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers, and Zoige Peatlands.

83 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Based on the analysis of x2 test of global land rainfall time series, it was found that the mean global land annual rainfall reduce significantly when El Nino events occur, and increase evidently in La Nina years.
Abstract: Based on the analysis of x2 test of global land rainfall time series, it is found that the mean global land annual rainfall reduce significantly when El Nino events occur, and increase evidently in La Nina years. The impacts of ENSO on the winter and autumn precipitation over eastern China are also notable. Usually, the rainfall of winter and autumn over southern China increases, and that over northern China decreases in El Nino years. The effects of ENSO on summer rainfall are not so significant as on autumn and winter rainfall in China. The summer precipitation of area to the north of the Yellow River often decreases in El Nino years. No evident relationship is found between ENSO and spring rainfall in China.

81 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) as mentioned in this paper is a third generation light source designed to produce high brightness and flux soft X-ray and hard Xray in the energy region of 0.1/spl sim/40 keV.
Abstract: The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) was proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Shanghai Municipal Government in 1995. The estimated total budget is around 120M USD, and the operation is scheduled to begin by the end of 2004. Although the whole SSRF project is still awaiting final approval, its R&D has been approved already. The SSRF is a third generation light source designed to produce high brightness and flux soft X-ray and hard X-ray in the energy region of 0.1/spl sim/40 keV. It consists of a 300 MeV linac, a 3.5 GeV booster, a 3.5 GeV storage ring and dozens of beam lines and experimental stations. In this paper, the main parameters and features of the SSRF are presented.

77 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Abstract: The Razumikhin-type theorems on the pth moment exponential stability and the almost sure exponential stability for the neutral stochastic functional differential equations have been established. By applying these new results to neutral stochastic differential-difference equations with time variant delays, several known results have been improved or generalized.

70 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Guliya ice core records, high lake-level records in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and at its north side as well as vegetation succession records indicated the existence of an exceedingly strong summer monsoon event.
Abstract: Guliya ice core records, high lake-level records in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and at its north side as well as vegetation succession records indicated that during the period of 30–40 kaBP, namely the later age of the megainterstadial of last glacial period, or the marine oxygen isotope stage 3, the climate of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau was exceptionally warm and humid, the temperature was 2–4°C higher than today and the precipitation was 40% to over 100% higher than the current average, all these suggested the existence of an exceedingly strong summer monsoon event. It has been inferred that the occurrence of such an event was attributed, on the one hand, to the stronger summer low pressure over the Plateau, which strengthened the attraction to the summer monsoon; on the other hand, to the vigorous evaporation of the tropic ocean surface, which promoted the moisture-rich southwest monsoon to flow over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The background responsible for the formation of the very strong summer monsoon was that the period of 30–40 kaBP was just in the strong insolation stage of the 20ka precessional cycle, when the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau received extraordinary strong solar radiation and thus enlarged the thermodynamical contrast between the Plateau and the midsouth part of the Indian Ocean.

67 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper selected four types of typical land use structure of sustain ment for about 15 years in the loess hill slope are selected to study the effect of land use structures on the distribution of soil nutrients.
Abstract: The irrational land use is one of the main reasons for the soil erosion and nutrienloss in the loess hilly area of China. In this project, 4 types of typical land use structure of sustain ment for about 15 years in the loess hill slope are selected to study the effect of land use structure on the distribution of soil nutrients. From hill bottom to hill top, the patterns of land use types are: grassland-slope farmland-forest, slope farmland-grassland-forest, terrace-grasslandforest and slope farmland-forest-grassland. By measuring the contents of the total N, total P, available N, available P and organic matter of soils, the results show that the land use structure types of slope farmland-grassland-forest and terrace-grassland-forest have a better capacity to maintain the soil nutrients.

65 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Seven more QTLs which give additive effect on salt-tolerance are identified when using PLABQTL (CIM), and most of them were from JX17, which was derived from an inter-subspecific cross between anindica variety Zhaiyeqing8 and ajaponica variety Jingxil7.
Abstract: Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling salt-tolerance at the seedling stage in rice (Oryza sativa L.) were identified by interval mapping (SIM) and composite interval mapping (CIM) using a doubled haploid population ZJDH and its high resolution genetic linkage map. The population was derived from an inter-subspecific cross between anindica variety Zhaiyeqing8 (ZYQ8) and ajaponica variety Jingxil7 (JX17). Analysis of survival days of seedlings treated with 0.7% NaCl revealed that a major salt-tolerance quantitative trait locus (QTL), Std, was present between markers RG612 and C131 on chromosome 1 when using both MAPMAKER/QTL 1.1 and PLABQTL 1.0 (SIM). Its allele which contributes to salt-tolerance was from ZYQ8. In addition, seven more QTLs which give additive effect on salt-tolerance are identified when using PLABQTL (CIM), and most of them were from JX17.

65 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The eclogites of Altyn Tagh tectonic belt occur as lens within gneisses characterized by amphibolite-facies mineral parageneses as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The eclogites of Altyn Tagh tectonic belt occur as lens within gneisses characterized by amphibolite-facies mineral parageneses. The well-preserved eclogite is selected for Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotopic dating. The Sm-Nd isotopic data yield a whole rock-garnet-omphacite isochron of (500 ± 10) Ma. The U-Pb isotopic measurements of zircons show that the four grain populations are nearly concordant and well plotted on concordia curves, giving a weighted mean age (503.9 ± 5.3) Ma. Two kinds of methods obtain a similar age which reveals the peak meta-morphic age of eclogites, and reflect the existence of orogenic root related to Caledonian sub-duction and continent-continent collision.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Based on the concept of East Asia-Pacific (EAP) teleconnection which influences East Asian summer monsoon, an index for the EAP-based monsoon circulation anomaly was defined and it was pointed out that this index can describle the interannual variation character of summer climate in East Asia, especially in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River Valley as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Based on the concept of East Asia-Pacific (EAP) teleconnection which influences East Asian summer monsoon, an index for East Asian summer monsoon circulation anomaly was defined and it was pointed out that this index can describle the interannual variation character of summer climate in East Asia, especially in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River Valley.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an integrated study on the tectonic, basin filling and thermal evolution of the Tertiary basins on the northern margin of the South China Sea has been conducted.
Abstract: Integrated study on the tectonic, basin filling and thermal evolution of the Tertiary basins on the northern margin of the South China Sea has indicated that the rift continental margin on the northern South China Sea is not a passive margin and that the western margin is characteristic of the transformextension. Episodic rifting and the thermal events since 10 Ma in the area have been documented by the integrated analysis of dynamic process. It has been clarified that the tectono-thermal events have exerted a significant influence on basin features and hydrocarbon accumulation, and particularly, the westward collision of the Lusong Island Arc, the generation of densely spaced faults in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, the rapid subsidence, high heat flow and large-scale over pressure and thermal-fluid breakthrough in the Yinggehai and the Qiongdongnan basins have proved to be the important factors determining the formation of oil and gas in these basins.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized and discussed the results in the studies of the Dabie-Sulu UHP rocks belt during the past 5 years, and proved the peridotite in which the FeTlO3 in olivine was found once had been subducted down that depth.
Abstract: The new results in the studies of the Dabie-Sulu UHP rocks belt during the past 5 years were summarized and discussed. The discussion included the following key points: ( i ) UHP eclogite has two kinds of country rocks, with one being UHP eclogite facies rocks and the other non-UHP granitic gneiss. ( ii ) The FeTiO3 in olivine indicated exsolution at depth of 300–400 km. However, the key point is to prove the peridotite in which the FeTlO3 in olivine was found once had been subducted down that depth. ( iii ) UHP hydrous phase evidenced that fluids had taken part in the UHP metamorphism, while the meter-scale inhomogeneous distribution of O-, C-isotope indicated no fluid activity in the deep subduction environment. ( IV ) No agreement has been arrived on many problems related to the tectonic background of the UHP rocks, such as “whether or not ophiolitic rocks there exist now?”, “when did UHP metamorphism proceed?”, “what is the subdution polarity?”, etc. ( V ) How did the UHP rocks exhume from mantle depth? The future studies will focus on the following three subjects: ( i ) thermal dynamics of the UHP metamorphism, ( ii ) relationship between UHP metamorphism and collision orogeny, as well as their geodynamics, and ( iii ) interactions between crust and mantle, and between continental lithosphere and asthenosphere during the collision orogenic process, as well as their constraints to the evolution of continental lithosphere.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, Zhao et al. used paleomagnetic polanty reversals, magnetic susceptibility and grain size on the red clay-loess sequence, about 280 m thick, at Jingbian show that this sequence contains most of the stratigraphic units recorded in the standard red clayloess sections of the Loess Plateau over the past 3.5 Ma.
Abstract: Analyses of paleomagnetic polanty reversals, magnetic susceptibility and grain size on the red clay-loess sequence, about 280 m thick, at Jingbian show that this sequence contains most of the stratigraphic units recorded in the standard red clay-loess sections of the Loess Plateau over the past 3.5 Ma. Using sand particle percentage (> 63 μm%) of the eolian sequence as a proxy indicator of desert extent and aridity in the dust source regions, it is found that during the past 3.5 Ma, there are three important climatic events indicating the advance of the Mu Us Desert. The events occurred at about 2.6, 1.1 and 0.6 MaBP, respectively. The stepwise advance of the Mu Us Desert may be linked closely to increase in global ice volume and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau in the late Cenozoic.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new kind of Mesozoic bird named Liaoxiornis delicatus, characterized by a short skull with teeth, a long neck and a very small sternum with only posterior process, provides new evidence indicating that the early adaptive radiation of birds is complicated.
Abstract: Recently, a very small and complete bird specimen was collected from the Confuciu-sorn/s-bearing Yixian Formation. This finding represents a new kind of Mesozoic bird, named Liaoxiornis delicatus. It is characterized by a short skull with teeth, a long neck and a very small sternum with only posterior process; the humeral head is not internally curved, and the hindlimbs are longer than the forelimbs. Liaoxiornis delicatus is not only much smaller than Confuciusornis, but also smaller than Cathayornis and other early Cretaceous birds. It is the smallest bird known from Mesozoic deposit. Liaoxiornis provides new evidence indicating that the early adaptive radiation of birds is complicated.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, two geometrical factors, the circumsolar view factor and the isotropic view factor, have been proposed for calculating solar radiation, and the shape factor has been introduced to calculate the reflected radiation from surrounding terrain.
Abstract: The formula for the duration of possible sunshine has been modified. Two geometrical factors, the circumsolar view factor and the isotropic view factor for calculating solar radiation, have been proposed. The ray-tracing method in computer cartography has been applied to simulating the obstruction of terrain over solar radiation. In addition, the shape factor has been introduced to calculate the reflected radiation from surrounding terrain.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study was conducted with a clonal F2 population of rice from a cross between Jasmine 85, a resistant variety, and Lemont, a susceptible cultivar, and three major QTLs for sheath blight resistance, Rh2, Rh-3 and Rh-7, were identified.
Abstract: This study was conducted with a clonal F2 population of rice from a cross between Jasmine 85, a resistant variety, and Lemont, a susceptible cultivar. The rice plants belonging to each F2 clone were divided into two plots, which were put in two replicates, respectively. Clonal parents were tested as controls. The plants were inoculated by short toothpicks incubated with RH-9, a virulent isolate of the pathogenic fungus,Rhizoctonia solani, which causes rice sheath blight. The extreme resistant and susceptible clonal lines were selected for construction of resistant and susceptible DNA pools, respectively. A total of 94 polymorphic markers evenly distributed on 12 rice chromosomes were used for bulked segregant analysis, three positive ones were found polymorphic between the two DNA pools, and three major QTLs for sheath blight resistance, Rh-2, Rh-3 and Rh-7, were identified. The three major QTLs were located on chromosomes 2, 3 and 7, and could explain 14.4%, 26.1% and 22.2% of the phenotypic variation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface modification of montmorillonite by means of Mg2+ insertion reaction has been studied and a positively charged version of it has been prepared and the results showed that the modified clay enhanced the coagulation and the used amount decreased to 1/5-1/10 of the original.
Abstract: Surface modification of montmorillonite by means of Mg2+ insertion reaction has been studied and a positively charged montmorillonite has been prepared. The effects of preparation temperature and Mg2+ concentration on the positive charge property of the clay and on the clay coagulating Heterosigma akashiwo have been studied. The results showed that the modified clay enhanced the coagulation and the used amount decreased to 1/5-1/10 of the original. The removal rates of Heterosigma akashiwo were correlated positively with positive charge on the clay in accordance with theoretical model.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the Δ14C values in 30-40 cm depth interval of Wukesong profile are decreasing sharply until a very low value, showing that a strong geological environment change occurred about 1 560 years ago.
Abstract: Organic carbon in forest soils of Qingyunsi and Wukesong profiles can be divided into fast and slow components. Δ14C values of these profiles decrease with increasing of depth. The Δ14C values in 30–40 cm depth interval of Wukesong profile are decreasing sharply until a very low value, showing that a strong geological environment change occurred about 1 560 years ago. The14C apparent ages of Wukesong profile show that the coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests around Wukesong profile have been developing since 425 a BP, which is consistent with historical documents. The penetrating depths of “bomb14C” in Qingyunsi and Wukesong profiles are 10 and 20 cm, respectively.

Journal ArticleDOI
Dalai Zhong1, Genyao Wu1, Jianqing Ji1, Qi Zhang1, Lin Ding1 
TL;DR: The Babu ophiolite in Malipo County, SE Yunnan, consists of three units: ultramafic, mafic and basaltic rocks as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The Babu ophiolite in Malipo County, SE Yunnan, consists of three units: ultramafic, mafic and basaltic rocks. Studies of geological mapping, petrology and geochemistry reveal that the gabbro is similar to that in the Troodos ophiolite, and the diabase and basalt belong to a normal MORB-type, analogous to the Shuanggou ophiolite in west Yunnan. The ophiolite studied as a thrust tectonic slab, was overthrust northwards onto the Late Paleozoic-Triassic deep marine deposits of continental margin. It is inferred to be relics of Paleotethyan ocean; namely, a branch of Paleotethys occurs in South China, where the tectonic nature and evolutional history of the area should be reconsidered.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The long-chain alkenones present in the shallow sediment of Hotong Qagan Nur Lake in China are reported in this paper, and the similarity of compositions and distributions of the alkenone determined commonly in the sediment section to those of marine sediment is reasonably referred that the albenones might also originate from Prymnesiophyceae.
Abstract: The long-chain alkenones present in the shallow sediment of Hotong Qagan Nur Lake in China are reported. According to the similarity of compositions and distributions of the alkenones determined commonly in the sediment section to those of marine sediment, it is reasonably referred that the alkenones might also originate from Prymnesiophyceae. In addition, the parameter U 37 k′ ; of alkenone is in positive correlation to δ18O values of authigenic calcium and magnesium minerals. This indicates that the parameter U 37 k∼ of long-chain alkenone is also available to indicate paleoclimate of high-salinity alkaline lake.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The reason why the epizootic disease of mandarin fish could not be quenched by only one kind of virus vaccine can be explained by the fact that the fish may be infected by different kinds of viruses, and more attention should be paid to the complexity of virus pathogens in the prevention strategy for mandarinFish diseases.
Abstract: Three different kinds of viruses, the spherical virus SCSV with a diameter of about 280 rm, the rhabdovirus SCRV with a size about 250 × 120 nm, and the baculovirus SCBV with a size about 200 × 100 nm, were observed from the tissues of diseased mandarin fishSiniperca chuatsi with outbreak of infection and acute lethality. This phenomenon implicated that the reason why the epizootic disease of mandarin fish could not be quenched by only one kind of virus vaccine can be explained by the fact that the fish may be infected by different kinds of viruses. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the complexity of virus pathogens in the prevention strategy for mandarin fish diseases.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the Bergman kernel for Cartan-Hartogs domains is calculated using the semi-Reinhardt domain. But the main point of this paper is not the calculation of Bergman kernels for the Cartan Hartogs domains, but the method of "inflation".
Abstract: The main point is the calculation of the Bergman kernel for the so-called Cartan-Hartogs domains. The Bergman kernels on four types of Cartan-Hartogs domains are given in explicit formulas. First by introducing the idea of semi-Reinhardt domain is given, of which the Cartan-Hartogs domains are a special case. Following the ideas developed in the classic monograph of Hua, the Bergman kernel for these domains is calculated. Along this way, the method of “inflation”, is made use of due to Boas, Fu and Straube.

Journal ArticleDOI
He-Cai Niu1, Ji-Feng Xu1, Xueyuan Yu1, Fanrong Chen1, Zouping Zheng1 
TL;DR: A series of Mg-rich volcanic rocks, including rare Mgrich dacites in the Asherle copper mine, western Altay Area, has been found as discussed by the authors, which are characterized by high SiO2, MgO and low Ti contents.
Abstract: A series of Mg-rich volcanic rocks, including rare Mg-rich dacites in the Asherle copper mine, western Altay Area, has been found. This suite of Mg-rich volcanic rocks is characterized by high SiO2, MgO and low Ti contents. Compared with the island arc tholeiite and MORB, these rocks are depleted in HFSE and are therefore similar to boninite. The dacites show V-shaped distribution REE patterns whereas the basalts display flat or LREE-depletton patterns. Based on their geochemical features and occurrence, it is suggested that they were formed in oceanic island arc setting. Its petrogenesis is related to the slab movement. At the early stage, the peridotite of the ocean upper mantle diapirically uprised to the shallow level and started to melt owing to subduction of the ocean slab, forming the island arc tholeiite with pillow structure. At the late stage, the residual refractory peridotites melted again, giving rise to the formation of the parent magma of Mg-rich basalt.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene from the jellyfishAequorea victoria as a vital reporter for gene expression in plants is considered to have several advantages over other reporter genes.
Abstract: The green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria as a vital reporter for gene expression in plants is considered to have several advantages over other reporter genes. The pBIN35S-mGFP4 plasmid DNA has been introduced into cotton embryos by the pollen-tube pathway method. A transformed seedling has been verified according to its GFP-related fluorescence and Southern blotting analysis. The results provided direct and convincing facts in cytology and molecular biology for the pollen-tube pathway method, an efficient transformation technique used in plants.

Journal ArticleDOI
Zhijun Qiao1
TL;DR: In this article, a new Lax matrix is introduced for the integrable symplectic map (ISM), and the non-dynamical (i.e. constant)r-matrix of ISM is obtained.
Abstract: A new Lax matrix is introduced for the integrable symplectic map (ISM), and the non-dynamical (i.e. constant)r-matrix of ISM is obtained. Moreover, an effective approach is systematically presented to construct the explicit solution (here, the explicit solution means algebraic-geometric solution expressed by the Riemann-Theta function) of a soliton system or nonlinear evolution equation from Lax matrix,r-matrix, and the theory of nonlinearization through taking the Toda lattice as an example. The given algebraic-geometric solution of the Toda lattice is almost-periodic and includes the periodic and finite-band solution.

Journal ArticleDOI
Jin-Song Zhang1, Can Xie1, Feng Liu1, Fenghua Liu1, Shouyi Chen1 
TL;DR: The cloning and characterization of a novel gene (NTHKl) fragment from tobacco are presented and its partial sequence codes for a product which shows similarity to many two-component signaling proteins.
Abstract: The two-component signaling system has been studied in bacteria. It takes part in signal transduction of adaptive behavior. Recent studies have shown that a similar two-component system is also present in eukaryotes. Examples of this areETRl andCKLl genes which may involve the signal transduction of plant hormone ethylene and cytokinin respectively. The cloning and characterization of a novel gene (NTHKl) fragment from tobacco are presented. Its partial sequence codes for a product which shows similarity to many two-component signaling proteins. Southern blot analysis indicated that there are 2 to 3 copies ofNTHKl gene in tobacco genome (allotetraploid). Homologous genes may also exist in other plants such as Arabidopsis, soybean and spinach. The expression ofNTHKl gene has also been analyzed in tobacco. Further studies on the isolation of full-length cDNA ofNTHKl gene will elucidate more clearly its function in signal perception and transduction.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the existence of pointwise dimension of self-similar measure has been discussed and the Hausdorff dimension of the set of those points for which the point-wise dimension does not exist equals the dimention of support of the selfsimilar measure.
Abstract: The problem about the existence of pointwise dimension of self-similar measure has been discussed. The Hausdorff dimension of the set of those points for which the pointwise dimension does not exist equals the dimention of support of the self-similar measure.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that the segregation of the RVA profiles is continually distributed among the DH lines, and some DH lines show transgressive segregation for all the parameters, including the peak viscosity (PKV), which is controlled by a minor QTL on chromosome 12, qPKV-12.
Abstract: Quantitative trait locus (QTLs) mapping for rapid visco analyser (RVA) profile parameters has been carried out by using a double haploid (DH) population derhred from a cross betweenindica variety Zhai-Ye-Qing 8 andjaponica variety Jing-Xi 17 and its genetic linkage map. The results indicate that the segregation of the RVA profiles is continually distributed among the DH lines, and some DH lines show transgressive segregation for all the parameters. A major QTL,Waxy (Wx) gene on chromosome 6 which controls the amylose synthesis, has been detected significantly for 5 traits: hot paste viscosity (HPV), cool paste viscosity (CPV), breakdown viscosity (BDV), consistency viscoslty (CSV) and setback viscoslty (SBV). Therefore, the RVA profile parameters are mainly controlled byWx gene. Other 3 and 2 QTLs have also been identified for BDV and SBV, respectively, and two of them share the same region on chromosomes 1 and 5. However, the peak viscosity (PKV) is controlled by a minor QTL on chromosome 12, qPKV-12.