CIESC Journal 

Abstract: Various flat micro-heat pipe arrays with miniature axially grooves for electric chip cooling are constructedA series of experiments including start-up time,temperature distribution and heat flux with different working fluids and filling factors are carried outThe result shows that flat micro-heat pipe arrays have advantages of quicker start-up,less temperature difference and better heat transferR141b,acetone,methanol and ethanol are used as working fluidsFlat micro-heat pipe arrays filled with methanol have the best heat transfer performanceThe maximum heat flux can reach 102 W·cm-2 while the chip is maintained at its working temperature,below 70℃The best filling factor of methanol is 03 for high heat flux

Abstract: The current research status and progress of treatment methods for dye wastewater were reviewed.The treatment methods for dye wastewater mainly included:physical method(adsorption,membrane separation,and magnetic separation),chemical method(electrochemical process,photochemical and photocatalytic oxidation,Fenton and Fenton-like oxidation and ozone oxidation),biological method(anaerobic method,aerobic method,anaerobic-aerobic combination process).The kinds of new materials and new technology were summarized.The problems existing in the field of dye wastewater treatment were analyzed.Aiming at the problems,the development trends were prospected.

Abstract: Coal gangue as one of the largest industrial solid wastes in China brings about very serious environmental, social and economic problems. Comprehensive utilization of coal gangue is of importance to sustainable development of society and economy. China has made great progress in comprehensive utilization of coal gangue in the latest 40 years since the 1960—1970's. Circulating fluidized bed(CFD) power generation using coal gangue is at the advanced level of the world. The equipment and technology of sintered brick manufactured from coal gangue have also reached the world's advanced level. A single facility reaches million tons of coal gangue consumption annually. Large amounts of coal gangue as the major harmless methods are used in backfilling, road paving and land reclamation. The comprehensive treatment capacity of coal gangue increases significantly and exceeds 400 Mt annually at present. Due to large production of coal gangue, however, the existing utilizations cannot meet the demand of coal gangue treatment. Value-added utilization as one of the important supplementary ways will become the development direction of comprehensive utilization of coal gangue. It is of significance to further improve the utilization level and efficiency by establishing the circular economy routes of value-added utilization proposed in this paper based on the development situation of value-added utilization.

Abstract: In the commercial chemical process,many primary product variables cannot be measured online,and soft sensor is an important means to solve this problem.Soft sensing modeling is the core issue of soft sensor.The relationship between soft sensing modeling and identification and nonlinear modeling is presented.The dynamic relationship between quality variables and variables that are easy to measure exists between the increments,and identification depends on incremental data,while soft sensing modeling depends on the measured data to get the relationship.Nonlinear modeling establishes the static relationship between these variables,ignoring the dynamic characteristics,which soft sensing modeling should take into account.With deeper understanding of the chemical process properties,the types and structures of soft sensing model have undergone a great change in the last decades,and soft sensing modeling method evolves from mechanism modeling to data-driven modeling,from linear modeling to nonlinear modeling,and from static modeling to dynamic modeling.The development of the soft sensing modeling method is reviewed.The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed methods are analyzed,and the applications of these methods are shown.In the end,the hot issues and the directions of development of soft sensing modeling method are presented.

Abstract: Traditional multivariate statistical fault detection methods are designed for single operating conditions and may produce erroneous conclusions if used for multi-mode process monitoring.A novel multi-mode process monitoring approach based on PCA mixture model is proposed in this paper.First,the PCA technique is used to reduce the dimension of original variables and to guarantee the nonsingular covariance matrix.In order to overcome the limitations of EM(expectation-maximization),the BYY(Bayes Ying-Yang)scale-incremental EM algorithm is then adopted to automatically optimize the number of mixture components.With the obtained PCA mixture model,a novel process monitoring scheme is derived for fault detection of multi-mode processes.The validity and effectiveness of the proposed monitoring approach are illustrated by numerical example and the TE process.The results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve good parameter estimation of the mixture model with correct model selection.Therefore,it can achieve accurate and early detection of various types of faults in multi-mode processes.