Showing papers in "Classical World in 1991"
TL;DR: In this article, Brown, Anne Carson, Franoise Frontisi-Ducroux, Maud W. Gleason and Jean-Pierre Vernant explore the iconography, politics, ethics, poetry, and medical practices that made sex in ancient Greece not a paradise of liberation but an exotic locale hardly recognizable to visitors from the modern world.
Abstract: A dream in which a man has sex with his mother may promise him political or commercial success--according to dream interpreters of late antiquity, who, unlike modern Western analysts, would not necessarily have drawn conclusions from the dream about the dreamer's sexual psychology. Evidence of such shifts in perspective is leading scholars to reconsider in a variety of creative ways the history of sexuality. In these fifteen original essays, eminent cultural historians and classicists not only discuss sex, but demonstrate how norms, practices, and even the very definitions of what counts as sexual activity have varied significantly over time. Ancient Greece offers abundant evidence for a radically different set of sexual standards and behaviors from ours. Sex in ancient Hellenic culture assumed a variety of social and political meanings, whereas the modern development of a sex-centered model of personality now leads us to view sex as the key to understanding the individual. Drawing on both the Anglo-American tradition of cultural anthropology and the French tradition of les sciences humaines, these essays explore the iconography, politics, ethics, poetry, and medical practices that made sex in ancient Greece not a paradise of liberation but an exotic locale hardly recognizable to visitors from the modern world. In addition to the editors, the contributors to this volume are Peter Brown, Anne Carson, Franoise Frontisi-Ducroux, Maud W. Gleason, Ann Ellis Hanson, Franois Lissarrague, Nicole Loraux, Maurice Olender, S.R.F. Price, James Redfield, Giulia Sissa, and Jean-Pierre Vernant.
228Â citations
TL;DR: Rome and Persia consolidation and internal unrest the army of the principate - an army of occupation as mentioned in this paper The army of Roman frontier policy - grand strategy? Appendices: A - Roman army sites in Judaea.
Abstract: Rome and Persia consolidation and internal unrest the army of the principate - an army of occupation the army of the fourth century enemies and allies after Septimus Severus army and civilians in the East the military function of Roman veteran colonies urbanization frontier policy - grand strategy? Appendices: A - Roman army sites in Judaea. B - Antioch as military headquarters and imperial residence.
216Â citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the broad structure of reality and the organization of desire are discussed. But their focus is on the human desire to understand and not on the structure of the world.
Abstract: Preface 1. The desire to understand 2. Nature 3. Change 4. Man's nature 5. Ethics and the organization of desire 6. Understanding the broad structure of reality Select bibliography Index.
197Â citations
TL;DR: Patronage in Ancient Society as mentioned in this paper is a discussion of a subject central to the society of the ancient Mediterranean and was the winner of the Croom Helm Ancient History Prize for 1988.
Abstract: Discussion of a subject central to the society of the ancient Mediterranean. "Patronage in Ancient Society" was awarded the Croom Helm Ancient History Prize for 1988. This book should be of interest to students and lecturers in social and ancient history as well as classical studies.
132Â citations
TL;DR: Grayson as mentioned in this paper presents the texts of the royal inscriptions from the earlier phase of the Neo-Assyrian period, a time in which the Assyrian kings campaigned as far as the Mediterranean and came into direct contact with biblical lands.
Abstract: In this, the seventh volume to be published by the Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Project, A. Kirk Grayson presents the texts of the royal inscriptions from the earlier phase of the Neo-Assyrian period, a time in which the Assyrian kings campaigned as far as the Mediterranean and came into direct contact with biblical lands. In this period the Assyrian empire embraced most of the civilized parts of western Asia including western Iran, Mesopotamia, southern Turkey, and the shores of the Levant. It was an exciting and tumultous period involving palace revolutions and harem intrigues, and it was a time in which the legendary Semiramis played a prominent role. The inscriptions speak of the kings' building of palaces and temples in various parts of Assyria, of the gods who were invoked to bless their enterprises, of revolutions and a multitude of military conquests. Each text is accompanied by a brief introduction, a catalogue of exemplars, commentary, bibliography, transliteration, translation, and notes. The book contains an introduction to the volume as a whole and indexes. 'Scores,' published on microfiche, are located in a pocket at the back of the book.
127Â citations
107Â citations
TL;DR: Pelling as mentioned in this paper discusses the characterpersonality distinction and the role of interlocutor in the dialogues of the Iliad and the Iphigenia in Aulis.
Abstract: Christopher Gill: The character-personality distinction Stephen Halliwell: Traditional Greek conceptions of character Oliver Taplin: Agamemnon's role in the Iliad P. E. Easterling: Constructing character in Greek tragedy Simon Goldhill: Character and action, representation and reading: Greek tragedy and its critics Jasper Griffin: Characterization in Euripides: Hippolytus and Iphigenia in Aulis Michael Silk: The people of Aristophanes Lucinda Coventry: The role of interlocutor in Plato's dialogues: Theory and practice D. A. F. M. Russell: Ethos in oratory and rhetoric C. B. R. Pelling: Childhood and personality in Greek biography C. B. R. Pelling: Conclusion
100Â citations
TL;DR: Gregson Davis as discussed by the authors brings together recent trends in the study of Augustan poetry and critical theory and deftly applies them to individual poems, exploring modes of assimilation, authentication, consolation, and praise and dispraise.
Abstract: Horace's Odes have a surface translucency that belies their rhetorical sophistication. Gregson Davis brings together recent trends in the study of Augustan poetry and critical theory and deftly applies them to individual poems. Exploring four rhetorical strategies--what he calls modes of assimilation, authentication, consolation, and praise and dispraise--Davis produces enlightening, new interpretations of this classic work. Polyhymnia, named after one of the Muses invoked in Horace's opening poem, revises the common image of Horace as a complacent, uncomplicated, and basically superficial singer. Focusing on the artistic persona--the lyric "self" that is constituted in the text--Davis explores how the lyric speaker constructs subtle "arguments" whose building-blocks are topoi, recurrent motifs, and generic conventions. By examining the substructure of lyric argument in groupings of poems sharing similar strategies, the author discloses the major principles that inform Horatian lyric composition.
99Â citations
TL;DR: Meier as discussed by the authors reconstructs the process of political thinking in Greek culture that led to democracy and demonstrates that the civic identity of the Athenians was a direct precondition for the practical reality of this form of government.
Abstract: Why the Greeks? How did it happen that these people out of all Mediterranean societies developed democratic systems of government? The outstanding German historian of the ancient world, Christian Meier, reconstructs the process of political thinking in Greek culture that led to democracy. He demonstrates that the civic identity of the Athenians was a direct precondition for the practical reality of this form of government.Meier shows how the structure of Greek communal life gave individuals a civic role and discusses a crucial reform that institutionalized the idea of equality before the law. In Greek drama specifically Aeschylus' "Oresteia" he finds reflections of the ascendancy of civil law and of a politicizing of life in the city-state. He examines the role of the leader as well as citizen participation in Athenian democracy and describes an ancient equivalent of the idea of social progress. He also contrasts the fifth-century Greek political world with today's world, drawing revealing comparisons."The Greek Discovery of Politics" is important reading for ancient historians, classicists, political scientists, and anyone interested in the history of political thought or in the culture of ancient Greece.
TL;DR: A collection of original sources in translation provides a picture of Roman social life from the private to the public, and from the bottom to the top of the Roman social classes.
Abstract: This collection of original sources in translation provides a picture of Roman social life from the private to the public, and from the bottom to the top of the Roman social classes. Aimed at students of Roman civilization, it includes an introduction, commentary, notes, glossary, and index of sources.
TL;DR: The Approaches to Greek Mythology as mentioned in this paper brings together practitioners of eight of the most important contemporary approaches to the subject Whether exploring myth from a historical, comparative, or theoretical perspective, each contributor lucidly describes a particular approach, applies it to one or more myths, and reflects on what the approach yields that others do not.
Abstract: Since the first edition of Approaches to Greek Myth was published in 1990, interest in Greek mythology has surged There was no simple agreement on the subject of "myth" in classical antiquity, and there remains none today Is myth a narrative or a performance? Can myth be separated from its context? What did myths mean to ancient Greeks and what do they mean today? Here, Lowell Edmunds brings together practitioners of eight of the most important contemporary approaches to the subject Whether exploring myth from a historical, comparative, or theoretical perspective, each contributor lucidly describes a particular approach, applies it to one or more myths, and reflects on what the approach yields that others do not Edmunds' new general and chapter-level introductions recontextualize these essays and also touch on recent developments in scholarship in the interpretation of Greek myth Contributors are Jordi Pamias, on the reception of Greek myth through history; H S Versnel, on the intersections of myth and ritual; Carolina Lopez-Ruiz, on the near Eastern contexts; Joseph Falaky Nagy, on Indo-European structure in Greek myth; William Hansen, on myth and folklore; Claude Calame, on the application of semiotic theory of narrative; Christiane Sourvinou-Inwood, on reading visual sources such as vase paintings; and Robert A Segal, on psychoanalytic interpretations
TL;DR: With the help of a wide variety of source material, particularly legal documents and inscriptions, some of it made available for the first time in English, the authors illustrates the activities associated with the household, demonstrating the different and frequently conflicting roles and moral values expected from its various members: male and female, old and young, freedman and slave.
Abstract: With the help of a wide variety of source material, particularly legal documents and inscriptions, some of it made available for the first time in English, this book illustrates the activities associated with the household, demonstrating the different and frequently conflicting roles and moral values expected from its various members: male and female, old and young, freedman and slave.
TL;DR: Substance and Essence in the Metaphysics as discussed by the authors is a close study of Aristotle's most profound and perplexing-treatise: Books VII-IX of the metaphysics.
Abstract: Substance and Essence in Aristotle is a close study of Aristotle's most profound-and perplexing-treatise: Books VII-IX of the Metaphysics. These central books, which focus on the nature of substance, have gained a deserved reputation for their difficulty, inconclusiveness, and internal inconsistency. Despite these problems, Witt extracts from Aristotle's text a coherent and provocative view about sensible substance by focusing on Aristotle's account of form or essence. After exploring the context in which Aristotle's discussion of sensible substance takes place, Witt turns to his analysis of essence. Arguing against the received interpretation, according to which essences are classificatory, Witt maintains that a substance's essence is what causes it to exist. In addition, Substance and Essence in Aristotle challenges the orthodox view that Aristotelian essences are species-essences, defending instead the controversial position that they are individual essences. Finally, Witt compares Aristotelian essentialism to contemporary essentialist theories, focusing in particular on Kripke's work. She concludes that fundamental differences between Aristotelian and contemporary essentialist theories highlight important features of Aristotle's theory and the philosophical problems and milieu that engendered it.
TL;DR: The first attempt in years to offer a comprehensive and detailed account of the stylistic, contextual, and iconographic aspects of archaic Corinthian vases was made by as discussed by the authors, who presented a three-volume work.
Abstract: This three-volume work is the first attempt in years to offer a comprehensive and detailed account of the stylistic, contextual, and iconographic aspects of archaic Corinthian vases. Exported throughout the Mediterranean and unearthed at numerous ancient sites, Corinthian vases are valuable for their artistic and cultural worth and for the information they provide about Corinth and the cities to which they were exported.
TL;DR: Nemea was never a city state but served as a religious and athletic festival center where the Greek world assembled every two years under a flag of truce, beginning in 573 B.C.
Abstract: In classical antiquity, beginning in 573 B.C., Nemea hosted international athletic competitions like those at Olympia, Delphi, and Isthmia; the games at the four sites constituted the Panhellenic cycle, and the victors were the most famous athletes of antiquity. Nemea was never a city-state but served as a religious and athletic festival center where the Greek world assembled every two years under a flag of truce. Since 1974, excavations sponsored by the University of California at Berkeley have revealed many details of Nemea's history, as well as evidence for the nature of the buildings and other facilities which were part of the festival center. These discoveries, together with smaller finds in the museum and ancient literary and epigraphic sources, form the basis of a new and sharply defined picture of the Nemean Games. This guidebook is an introduction to the history and physical remains of the festival center and a complement to detailed final publications on the excavation now being prepared.
TL;DR: Perkell as discussed by the authors studied the relationship between the poet and the farmer in the "Georgics" and pointed out the poet's privileging of myth over "praeceptum", of divine revelation over experiment and practice, and of mystery over solution, and found that the poem's oppositions find ultimate expression in the bougonia, literally false as Georgic precept but metaphorically true as image of Iron Age technology and culture.
Abstract: The controversy over Virgil's optimism or pessimism, which has long absorbed readers of his poetry, might fruitfully yield to a perspective which allows contradictions to stand unresolved, to constitute, in fact, the essence of his poems' meaning. So interpreted, the pervasive contradictions of the "Georgics" are not problems to be solved, but expressions of the poet's vision of fundamental tensions in human experience. Focusing on the figure of the poet in his relationship to the farmer, Professor Perkell studies oppositions between power and beauty, profit and art, matter and spirit, which are critical to the poem's meaning. She points to the poet's privileging of myth over "praeceptum," of divine revelation over experiment and practice, and of mystery over solution. The poem's oppositions find ultimate expression in the "bougonia," literally false as Georgic precept but metaphorically true as image of Iron Age technology and culture. Through this metaphor, the poet suggests the high value of his own truth and implicitly challenges the values of the agricultural, material poem which the "Georgics" on its surface professes to be. Shaped by insights of reader-response and structuralist criticism, this new study of the "Georgics" should interest Classicists and students of literature.
TL;DR: In this paper, SUSAN H. BRAUND and J. W. HENDERSON discuss friendship in the Satirists and the Law in Roman Satire, and discuss food in Roman satire.
Abstract: Introduction - SUSAN H. BRAUND Friendship in the Satirists - ROLAND MAYER City and Country in Roman Satire - SUSAN H. BRAUND Satirists and the Law - J. DUNCAN CLOUD Food in Roman Satire - NICOLA A. HUDSON ... when Satire writes 'Woman' - JOHN G. W. HENDERSON Notes Bibliography Notes on Contributors
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose to read the symposium by plato and take more advantages with limited budget by reading the Symposium by Plato, which is a good alternative to do in getting desirable knowledge and experience.
Abstract: Make more knowledge even in less time every day. You may not always spend your time and money to go abroad and get the experience and knowledge by yourself. Reading is a good alternative to do in getting this desirable knowledge and experience. You may gain many things from experiencing directly, but of course it will spend much money. So here, by reading the symposium by plato, you can take more advantages with limited budget.