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JournalISSN: 0009-8574

Clay science 

About: Clay science is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Clay minerals & Kaolinite. It has an ISSN identifier of 0009-8574. Over the lifetime, 583 publications have been published receiving 3626 citations.


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TL;DR: In this paper, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis under the atmospheres of relative humidity (RH) was performed on homoionic (Na+, K+ and Ca2+) montmorillonite (T1) and saponite (SapCa-1).
Abstract: The basal spacings of the homoionic (Na+, K+ and Ca2+) montmorillonite (T1) and saponite (SapCa-1) were examined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis under the atmospheres of relative humidity (RH). RH was controlled by ReCX (Relative humidity Control system for X-ray diffractometer) precisely in the range of 0 to 100% RH. The variations of basal spacing were almost similar in both minerals at the range of 0 to 80% RH. However, noticeable differences between the hydration state of T1 and SapCa-1 were observed at 100% RH. It was explained that the differences were caused by charge localization and hydroxyl orientation in silicate layer because of these specimens having similar layer charge. In the region between 2 hydration states, irrational and asymmetrical reflections were observed. These reflections indicated interstratified structure of 2 hydration states. Especially at 60% RH, that the segregation structure was recognized. The existence of 2 phases indicates that there is heterogeneity in its charge density of layer.

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, Phillipsite was synthesized from the silica-poor fly ash by the hydrothermal treatment with 2N-NaOH solution at 105°C.
Abstract: Phillipsite was synthesized from the silica-poor fly ash by the hydrothermal treatment with 2N-NaOH solution at 105°C. Most of phillipsite was synthesized between 2 hrs. and 6 hrs. in the reaction time. The phillipsite synthesis mainly depended on the Al concentration of the liquid phase, and was taken place from the dissolution of the silicate glass and the amorphous Al compound. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the synthesized phillipsite was 198 meq/100g. The suggested process of phillipsite synthesis was (1) the dissolution of amorphous materials and condensed compounds of fly ash, (2) the dissolution of the sphere matrix of fly ash particles, (3) the supersaturation of liquid phase, (4) the phillipsite formation, and (5) the growth of phillipsite crystal.

69 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, 39 samples were analyzed and classified into four groups based on their properties: coefficient of linear extensibility (COLE), pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic carbon, microbial content and x-ray diffraction (XRD) spacings.
Abstract: Smectite clay has been shown to sorb aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) in animal feed 2) and thereby reduce its toxic influence on animals and its entrance to the human food chain. In an effort to find effective adsorbents, 39 samples proposed to adsorb aflatoxin were analyzed and classified into four groups based on their properties: coefficient of linear extensibility (COLE), pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic carbon, microbial content and x-ray diffraction (XRD) spacings. A subset of 20 bentonite samples from commercial sources and reference minerals from 6 US-states and 2 sites in Mexico was selected for sorption determinations. A 10-fold difference in sorption based on the Langmuir equation was observed. Yet clay properties were mostly clustered and it is not clear which properties influence this variation. The basal spacing of AfB1 saturated smectites exhibited greater resistance to collapse on heating than untreated smectites indicating that AfB1 entered the interlayer galleries of the smectites. After heating the mycotoxin-clay complex the desorbed mycotoxin was altered indicating a reaction of the molecules with the clay surface. The most effective sorbent smectite samples were from three US-states (MS, ID, TX).

63 citations

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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Journal in previous years
YearPapers
20215
20206
20195
201810
201713
20166