Showing papers in "Clinical Biomechanics in 2002"

TL;DR: Care should be taken when quantifying postural sway through stabilometric parameters, and it is suggested as a good practice to include some anthropometric measurements in the experimental protocol, and to standardize or trace foot position.

TL;DR: Inadequate quadriceps strength contributes to altered gait patterns following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, which may contribute to a safe return to high-level activities.

TL;DR: A single muscle cannot be identified as the most important for the stability of the lumbar spine, rather, spine stability depends on the relative activation of all trunk muscles and other loading variables.

TL;DR: Normal and abnormal scapular kinematics during varying types of motion need to be understood in order to optimally design rehabilitation programs for individuals with impingement syndrome.

TL;DR: Examining the myoelectric activity of the erector spinae muscles of the back to determine if the flexion relaxation phenomenon occurs in seated forward flexion or slumped postures provided insight into the association between low back pain and seated work.

TL;DR: Assessment of the mechanical load on the glenohumeral joint and on shoulder muscles during wheelchair propulsion at everyday intensities finds high muscle forces in the rotator cuff and especially in the m.

TL;DR: The greatest increase of contact stress and von Mises stress was occurred in the high conformity flat-on-flat design of knee prosthesis under the severest malalignment condition, revealing the importance of malal alignment effect on stresses in tibial polyethylene component.

TL;DR: Results suggest that while experimental methodologies may limit the statistical significance of objective gait analysis results, consistent trends in temporal, kinetic, and kinematic parameters correlate well with perceptive impressions of these feet.

TL;DR: The weighted differential center of pressure signals show that the estimated body transverse rotation contribution is significant in healthy children and critical for postural stability in children with cerebral palsy.

TL;DR: The proposed model would be a useful tool for designing new shapes for a humeral head prosthesis that optimizes the glenoid loading, the bone stress around the implant, and the bone/implant micromotions in a way that limits the risks of loosening.

TL;DR: The data suggest that development of a quadriceps avoidance pattern is less common than previously reported, and anterior cruciate ligament deficient subjects accommodate through alterations of hip joint mechanics, surgical repair significantly alters lower extremity gait patterns, and re-establishment of pre-injury gait pattern takes longer than 3 months to occur.

TL;DR: The new protocol measures segmental motion with high precision and corrects for radiographic distortion, variation in stature and alignment errors of patients, and allows segmental hypo-, normal or hypermobility to be quantified.

TL;DR: Understanding in vivo length-tension relationship and associated EMG activity is important for designing rehabilitation protocols, tendon lengthening and transfer and interpretation of EMG data.

TL;DR: The reduction in the center of pressure excursion in the anterior-posterior direction suggests that foot positioning was altered, possibly to a toe-out position, while subjects wore the orthoses, and it is hypothesized that toe- out positioning may reduce medial joint load.

TL;DR: The method described is a reliable tool for measuring changes in thickness of transversus abdominis in supine lying, standing and walking and has the potential to detect dysfunctional changes in abdominal muscle activity for patients with low back pain in a functional setting.

TL;DR: Information about the biomechanical effects of a pelvic belt provided by this study will contribute to a better understanding of the treatment of women with pregnancy-related pelvic pain.

TL;DR: Ovine intervertebral discs show similar hydration-over-time behaviour when compared to human discs and stiffnesses in different modes of loading were significantly different when tested in a hydrated environment compared with the standard method of testing in air.

TL;DR: Frequency band amplitude analysis provides similar information to median frequency shift under isometric conditions and may be suited to specific experimental protocols in workplace fatigue studies.

TL;DR: These studies indicate that removal of nucleus may lead to further disc degeneration and indicate the material properties required for an implant material and provide a reasonable model for human lumbar intervertebral discs.

TL;DR: The initial stability of the custom-made femoral stem was comparable to that of a conventional Femoral stem, and the data set for initial stability justifies the clinical use of a custom- made femoralstem in primary hip replacement.

TL;DR: It is concluded that foot pronation has a greater impact on the amount of tibial translation than genu recurvatum and torsion of the lower leg in anterior cruciate intact subjects.

TL;DR: Active head-cervical range of motion reduced between 15 and 45 years of age in men, and was larger in the adolescents and young adults than in the mid-aged men.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of major cervical spine injury, including some concepts that are presently undergoing evaluation and clarification, is presented, including the role of ligaments in determining instability of cervical column.

TL;DR: This is the first time the three-dimensional in vivo kinematics of all eight carpal bones is quantified accurately and non-invasively and substantiate proof that there is more than one kinematic pattern of the scaphoid.

TL;DR: The cervicothoracic spinal curvature undergoes progressive change through the lifespan with a subsequent cranial migration of the inflexion point between the thoracic kyphosis and cervical lordosis, accompanied by a similar shift in the cervical apex.

TL;DR: Information about the performance of movements, which significantly load the knee joint in coper and non-coper anterior cruciate ligament deficient patients may contribute to a better understanding of dynamic knee joint stabilization, which is relevant in relation to the development of rehabilitation strategies.

TL;DR: Passive as well as rapidly induced stability tests provide a basis of objective information to describe the characteristics of different ankle braces and combined results demonstrate that passive support characteristics of braces are reflected under rapidly induced conditions but the amount of restriction is reduced.

TL;DR: Investigation of the effect of visual feedback on effective hand rim wheelchair force production and the subsequent effect on gross mechanical efficiency indicates that the most effective force production from a mechanical point of view is not necessarily the most efficient way--in terms of energy cost-- from a biological point of views and that force direction is based on an optimization of cost and effect.

TL;DR: Significant dysfunction in biceps activation was evident in patients with chronic neck pain, indicating that this muscle group cannot be used to the full extent, and spinal manipulation improved muscle function, cervical range of motion and pain sensitivity, and might therefore be beneficial for treating patients with Chronic neck pain.

TL;DR: The present study is the first demonstration that longitudinal changes in bone mechanical properties due to trabecular micro-architectural changes may be quantified in long-term clinical studies, and concludes that the application of these techniques may increase the clinical significance of these trials.