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Showing papers in "Clinical Microbiology and Infection in 2015"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The clinical and laboratory parameters for diagnosing biofilm infections are outlined based on the patient's history, signs and symptoms, microscopic findings, culture-based or culture-independent diagnostic techniques and specific immune responses to identify microorganisms known to causeBiofilm infections.

581 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: New rapid methods for the detection of resistance mechanisms respond to major epidemiological concerns such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, extended-spectrum β-lactamase or carbapenemases.

301 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A systematic review was conducted to answer the question which hrHPV tests fulfil the criteria defined by an international expert team in 2009, based on reproducibility and relative sensitivity and specificity compared to Hybrid Capture-2 or GP5+/6+ PCR-enzyme immunoassay.

241 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There was a significant correlation between lack of ribotype diversity and greater antimicrobial resistance (measured by cumulative resistance score), and well-known epidemic ribotypes 027 and 001/072 were associated with multiple antimacterial resistance, but high levels of resistance were also observed, raising the possibility of antimicrobial exposure as the underlying reason for their appearance.

231 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In spite of study heterogeneity, procalcitonin had a fair diagnostic accuracy for bacteraemia in adult patients suspected of infection or sepsis and further research is needed on the safety and efficacy of procalCitonin as a single diagnostic tool to avoid taking blood cultures.

206 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The public health importance of B. miyamotoi infection should be considered in patients with acute febrile illness who have been exposed to Ixodes ticks in a region where Lyme disease occurs and may cause severe disease, including meningoencephalitis is documented.

191 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An update of the latest developments in schistosomiasis diagnosis, including microscopic techniques, rapid diagnostic tests for antigen detection, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and proxy markers for morbidity assessments, is provided.

183 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Thanks to recent advances in molecular biology, including the improvement of nucleic acid extraction and amplification, several PCR-based methods for the diagnosis of BSI directly from whole blood have emerged and the advantages and limitations of these new molecular approaches are discussed.

177 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In conclusion, the findings revealed an HBsAg positivity in 4% and anti-HCVPositivity in 1% of the adult population and at least one-third of the population has been exposed to HBV infection in Turkey.

169 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Diagnostic strategies that could be proposed for different purposes are outlined, such as: prevalence studies in endemic areas; individual diagnosis and screening; and monitoring of cure in clinical care and clinical trials.

166 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results confirm the recently reported shift of prevalence from Gram-positive to Gram- negative bacteria as causative agents of BBSIs among patients with hematologic malignancies and highlight a worrisome increasing frequency in antimicrobial resistance among Gram-negative bacteria.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The European, multicentre, quarterly point-prevalence study of community-acquired diarrhoea (EUCODI) analysed stool samples received at ten participating clinical microbiology laboratories in 2014 and concluded that classic culture methods directed at the isolation of specific pathogens are increasingly becoming second-line tools, being deployed when rapid molecular tests give positive results.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Current epidemiological data are helping to answer the question of whether EPEC is mainly a foe or an innocent bystander during infection.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Bacterial dysbiosis and its combination with oncogenic HPV may be a risk factor for cervical neoplasia.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recurrent CDI is associated with significantly increased risk of death within 6 months after completion of their initial CDI treatment compared with CDI patients who do not develop a recurrence.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Clinicians should be vigilant in recognizing the potential for infection with multi-drug-resistant organisms, especially MRSA, in patients with diabetes mellitus or PVD and initiating therapy with appropriate antibiotics.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A consensual ranking of β-lactams according to their global ecological consequences that may be helpful in future studies on de-escalation underlines the difficulties of reaching a consensus on the relative ecological impact of each individual drug and on the timing of DE.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results strongly suggest that, given the particularly crowded conditions during the rituals, an international mass gathering such as the Hajj may contribute to the globalization of respiratory pathogens after the cross-contamination of pilgrims harbouring pathogens that easily spread among participants.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Potential strategies to optimize empiric therapy in the age of multi-drug resistance, the limitations of these strategies, and the future directions and opportunities are discussed are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: High levels of HBcrAg may serve as valuable marker for virus replication and reflect the transcriptional activity of intrahepatic cccDNA in HBeAg-negative patients, and may help to distinguish between inactive carriers (ENQ) and those with active disease (ENH).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Systematic surveillance of the above-mentioned agents will be important, particularly for those agents used in severe infections, as clinical data supporting treatment efficacy of multidrug-resistant strains are few.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The number of internal thoracic arteries used and factors affecting wound healing were primarily associated withCDC-negative SSI, whereas comorbidities and perioperative complications were mainly associated with CDC-positive SSI.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Being overweight or obese substantially increased the likelihood of patients developing surgical site infection, and this is likely to place a considerable additional burden on the NHS.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence of the disease burdens imposed on communities by the NZDs and demonstration of the cost-effectiveness of integrated control can strengthen the case for a One Health approach to endemic zoonotic disease control.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that MALDI-TOF MS is a rapid, accurate and reliable tool for identification of bloodstream yeasts and with proper standardisation, validation and regular database expansion, its efficiency can be further enhanced.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A retrospective audit of nitroimidazole-refractory giardiasis in returned travellers at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London between 2011 and 2013 shows a worrying increase in refractory disease, predominantly in travellers from India, which is likely to represent increasing nitroinflationary resistance.