Showing papers in "Clinical Microbiology and Infection in 2015"
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TL;DR: The clinical and laboratory parameters for diagnosing biofilm infections are outlined based on the patient's history, signs and symptoms, microscopic findings, culture-based or culture-independent diagnostic techniques and specific immune responses to identify microorganisms known to causeBiofilm infections.
581 citations
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TL;DR: New rapid methods for the detection of resistance mechanisms respond to major epidemiological concerns such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, extended-spectrum β-lactamase or carbapenemases.
301 citations
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TL;DR: A systematic review was conducted to answer the question which hrHPV tests fulfil the criteria defined by an international expert team in 2009, based on reproducibility and relative sensitivity and specificity compared to Hybrid Capture-2 or GP5+/6+ PCR-enzyme immunoassay.
241 citations
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TL;DR: There was a significant correlation between lack of ribotype diversity and greater antimicrobial resistance (measured by cumulative resistance score), and well-known epidemic ribotypes 027 and 001/072 were associated with multiple antimacterial resistance, but high levels of resistance were also observed, raising the possibility of antimicrobial exposure as the underlying reason for their appearance.
231 citations
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TL;DR: In spite of study heterogeneity, procalcitonin had a fair diagnostic accuracy for bacteraemia in adult patients suspected of infection or sepsis and further research is needed on the safety and efficacy of procalCitonin as a single diagnostic tool to avoid taking blood cultures.
206 citations
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TL;DR: The public health importance of B. miyamotoi infection should be considered in patients with acute febrile illness who have been exposed to Ixodes ticks in a region where Lyme disease occurs and may cause severe disease, including meningoencephalitis is documented.
191 citations
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TL;DR: An update of the latest developments in schistosomiasis diagnosis, including microscopic techniques, rapid diagnostic tests for antigen detection, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and proxy markers for morbidity assessments, is provided.
183 citations
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TL;DR: Thanks to recent advances in molecular biology, including the improvement of nucleic acid extraction and amplification, several PCR-based methods for the diagnosis of BSI directly from whole blood have emerged and the advantages and limitations of these new molecular approaches are discussed.
177 citations
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TL;DR: In conclusion, the findings revealed an HBsAg positivity in 4% and anti-HCVPositivity in 1% of the adult population and at least one-third of the population has been exposed to HBV infection in Turkey.
169 citations
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TL;DR: Diagnostic strategies that could be proposed for different purposes are outlined, such as: prevalence studies in endemic areas; individual diagnosis and screening; and monitoring of cure in clinical care and clinical trials.
166 citations
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TL;DR: Overall, ColR among KPC-Kp blood isolates increased more than threefold during the 4.5-year study period, and 30-day mortality of ColR KPC -Kp BSI was as high as 51%.
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TL;DR: The results confirm the recently reported shift of prevalence from Gram-positive to Gram- negative bacteria as causative agents of BBSIs among patients with hematologic malignancies and highlight a worrisome increasing frequency in antimicrobial resistance among Gram-negative bacteria.
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TL;DR: The European, multicentre, quarterly point-prevalence study of community-acquired diarrhoea (EUCODI) analysed stool samples received at ten participating clinical microbiology laboratories in 2014 and concluded that classic culture methods directed at the isolation of specific pathogens are increasingly becoming second-line tools, being deployed when rapid molecular tests give positive results.
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TL;DR: Current epidemiological data are helping to answer the question of whether EPEC is mainly a foe or an innocent bystander during infection.
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TL;DR: Bacterial dysbiosis and its combination with oncogenic HPV may be a risk factor for cervical neoplasia.
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Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre1, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital2, Liverpool Hospital3, University of Sydney4, St. Vincent's Health System5, Australian National University6, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital7, Westmead Hospital8, Deakin University9, Royal Adelaide Hospital10, Concord Hospital11, Royal Perth Hospital12, Monash University13, South Australia Pathology14, University of Western Australia15, Curtin University16
TL;DR: Non-Aspergillus IFD affected diverse patient groups, including non-immunocompromised hosts and those outside traditional risk groups; therefore, definitions of IFD in these patients are required.
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TL;DR: Recurrent CDI is associated with significantly increased risk of death within 6 months after completion of their initial CDI treatment compared with CDI patients who do not develop a recurrence.
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Singapore General Hospital1, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research2, Peking University3, Sterling Hospitals4, Mahidol University5, Peking Union Medical College Hospital6, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital7, Mackay Memorial Hospital8, National Taiwan University9, National Institutes of Health10
TL;DR: In conclusion, the ICU settings contribute, at least in part, to the incidence variation among hospitals, and the species distribution is different from Western countries.
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TL;DR: Clinicians should be vigilant in recognizing the potential for infection with multi-drug-resistant organisms, especially MRSA, in patients with diabetes mellitus or PVD and initiating therapy with appropriate antibiotics.
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TL;DR: A consensual ranking of β-lactams according to their global ecological consequences that may be helpful in future studies on de-escalation underlines the difficulties of reaching a consensus on the relative ecological impact of each individual drug and on the timing of DE.
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TL;DR: The results strongly suggest that, given the particularly crowded conditions during the rituals, an international mass gathering such as the Hajj may contribute to the globalization of respiratory pathogens after the cross-contamination of pilgrims harbouring pathogens that easily spread among participants.
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TL;DR: This study supports use of nitrofurantoin over fluoroquinolones for treatment of uncomplicated UTIs to minimize perturbation of intestinal microbiota.
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TL;DR: Potential strategies to optimize empiric therapy in the age of multi-drug resistance, the limitations of these strategies, and the future directions and opportunities are discussed are discussed.
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TL;DR: High levels of HBcrAg may serve as valuable marker for virus replication and reflect the transcriptional activity of intrahepatic cccDNA in HBeAg-negative patients, and may help to distinguish between inactive carriers (ENQ) and those with active disease (ENH).
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TL;DR: Systematic surveillance of the above-mentioned agents will be important, particularly for those agents used in severe infections, as clinical data supporting treatment efficacy of multidrug-resistant strains are few.
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TL;DR: The number of internal thoracic arteries used and factors affecting wound healing were primarily associated withCDC-negative SSI, whereas comorbidities and perioperative complications were mainly associated with CDC-positive SSI.
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TL;DR: Being overweight or obese substantially increased the likelihood of patients developing surgical site infection, and this is likely to place a considerable additional burden on the NHS.
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TL;DR: Evidence of the disease burdens imposed on communities by the NZDs and demonstration of the cost-effectiveness of integrated control can strengthen the case for a One Health approach to endemic zoonotic disease control.
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TL;DR: It is concluded that MALDI-TOF MS is a rapid, accurate and reliable tool for identification of bloodstream yeasts and with proper standardisation, validation and regular database expansion, its efficiency can be further enhanced.
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TL;DR: A retrospective audit of nitroimidazole-refractory giardiasis in returned travellers at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London between 2011 and 2013 shows a worrying increase in refractory disease, predominantly in travellers from India, which is likely to represent increasing nitroinflationary resistance.