Showing papers in "Clinical Neurophysiology in 2004"

TL;DR: It is shown that modern EEG source imaging simultaneously details the temporal and spatial dimensions of brain activity, making it an important and affordable tool to study the properties of cerebral, neural networks in cognitive and clinical neurosciences.

TL;DR: It is possible to reliably detect brain interaction during movement from EEG data and it is argued that the Cartesian representation is far superior for studying brain interactions.

TL;DR: EEG abnormalities of AD patients are characterized by slowed mean frequency, less complex activity, and reduced coherences among cortical regions, suggesting that the EEG has utility as a valuable tool for differential and early diagnosis of AD.

TL;DR: Stochastic resonance is a ubiquitous and conspicuous phenomenon compatible with neural models and theories of brain function and should encourage neuroscientists and clinical neurophysiologists to explore stochastic resonance in biology and medical science.

TL;DR: Present knowledge of the effects of high-frequency stimulation within the central nervous system is addressed and the functional implications of this knowledge for uncovering the mechanism(s) of DBS are commented on.

TL;DR: The evidence supportive of P2 being the result of independent processes is described and several features, such as its persistence from wakefulness into sleep, the general consensus that unlike most other EEG phenomena it increases with age, and the fact that it can be generated using respiratory stimuli are highlighted.

TL;DR: A new MMN paradigm is proposed that can provide 5 different MMNs in the same time in which usually only one MMN is obtained and enables one to objectively determine the profile of different auditory discrimination abilities within a very short recording time.

TL;DR: TMS or repetitive TMS by themselves may induce changes in endogenous neurotransmitters or neuromodulators, and these possible interactions are the focus of this in-depth review on TMS and drugs.

TL;DR: A series of direct recordings of the corticospinal volley evoked by the different techniques of transcranial stimulation from the epidural space of conscious patients with chronically implanted spinal electrodes provide insights about the physiological basis of the excitatory and inhibitory phenomena produced by transcranials stimulation.

TL;DR: Finite element computer models were developed to address the effects of DBS in a homogeneous isotropic medium, and a medium with tissue conductivity properties derived from human diffusion tensor magnetic resonance data.

TL;DR: These results appear consistent with a body of research that demonstrates a relationship between limbic theta activity and action regulation, including error monitoring and learning.

TL;DR: Synthesis of theoretical and empirical findings is used to provide guidance for the selection of stimulus parameters and the recommended charge density limit for DBS represents a liberal estimate for non-damaging stimulation.

TL;DR: The development of electrophysiologic procedures designed to detect specific patterns of change related to TBI may be of most use to the neurophysiologist.

TL;DR: Protocol-specific effects were obtained in that SMR training was associated with increased perceptual sensitivity 'd prime' (d'), and reduced omission errors and reaction time variability, and the data can be interpreted as indicating a general attention-enhancing effect ofSMR training, and an arousal-enhanced effect of beta1 training.

TL;DR: The speech-evoked brainstem response to speech sounds provides a mechanism for understanding the neural bases of normal and deficient attention-independent auditory function and is a hallmark of the normal perceptual system.

TL;DR: The data support the view that lexical access takes place as early as 150 ms after onset of written word stimuli, and also suggest that studies on the precise time course of cognitive processes should consider their potentially confounding character.

TL;DR: This post-stimulation qEEG parameter may supplement the clinical exam in poor-grade SAH patients and may prove useful for the detection of DCI, with reasonable specificity.

TL;DR: Individual analysis of the alpha frequency and power can discriminate mild AD from VaD and normal elderly subjects, and may probe pathophysiological mechanisms causing AD and VaD.

TL;DR: A single session of subthreshold 5 Hz rTMS to the M1 can induce a long-lasting and muscle-specific increase in resting corticospinal excitability, however, a sufficient number of conditioning stimuli is necessary to produce persistent cortICospinal facilitation.

TL;DR: The similar values for focality and stimulation depth indicate that both coil types should evoke similar physiological effects when adjusting for the different efficiencies, and can be traced back to differences in coil design.

TL;DR: The present noise reduction procedure, including ICA separation phase, automatic artifactual ICs selection and 'discrepancy' control cycle, showed good performances both on simulated and real MEG data and suggests the procedure to be able to separate different cerebral activity sources, even if characterized by very similar frequency contents.

TL;DR: There was a good correlation between CSP duration and the area, or amplitude, of the MEP, which meant that calculating the ratio of duration/amplitude or duration/area reduced intersubject variability and eliminated differences between TMS pulses.

TL;DR: Derivation and interpretation of unit data in studies of perception might benefit from using multichannel EEG recordings to define distinctive epochs that are demarcated by state transitions of neocortical dynamics in the CS-CR intervals, particularly in consideration of the possibility that EEG may reveal recurring episodes of exchange and sharing of perceptual information among multiple sensory cortices.

TL;DR: Investigation of the behavior of synchronization likelihood of multichannel EEG in AD, MCI and cognitively healthy controls found decrease of beta band synchronization occurs in mild AD, both in a resting condition and during a working memory task.

TL;DR: Low- and high-frequency rTMS of the primary motor cortex lead to significant but differential changes in patients with PD both on clinical and electrophysiological grounds, suggesting a reversed balance of cortical excitability in Patients with PD compared to normals.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided for disturbed processing within frontal cortical regions in unmedicated schizophrenic patients as indicated by reduced evoked EEG GBRs, consistent with a relative preserved stimulus processing in the auditory cortex as reflected by the early GBR.

TL;DR: The present method promises to provide a useful alternative as a general purpose classification procedure for MI classification by using time-frequency synthesis approach to accommodate the individual difference, and using the spatial patterns derived from electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythmic components as the feature description.

TL;DR: Estimates of spatiotemporal patterns of phase among beta-gamma oscillations suggest that neocortical dynamics is analogous to the dynamics of self-stabilizing systems, such as a sand pile that maintains its critical angle by avalanches, and a pan of boiling water that maintainsIts critical temperature by bubbles that release heat.

TL;DR: A review of the technical aspects of ultrasound and its physical principles can be found in this article, which relates normal muscle anatomy and movement to ultrasound images in the axial and sagittal planes and follows with a discussion of ultrasound findings in chronic muscle disease.

TL;DR: The results show that observation of somatosensory stimulation alone is sufficient to cause significant modulation of motor cortex activity, and add further details as to what stimuli can activate the human mirror neuron system.