Showing papers in "Clinical Psychology Review in 2000"

TL;DR: The association between depression and parenting was manifest most strongly for negative maternal behavior and was evident to a somewhat lesser degree in disengagement from the child and deficits are not specific to depressive disorder.

TL;DR: This study quantifies the relation between ASB and performance on six reasonably well validated measures of EF and resolves conceptual problems regarding the association between ASb and EF tests, including the problem of localizing EF tests to specific brain regions.

TL;DR: It is tentatively proposed that short- term anxiety reduction from alcohol use, in concert with longer-term anxiety induction from chronic drinking and withdrawal, can initiate a vicious feed-forward cycle of increasing anxiety symptoms and alcohol use that results in comorbidity.

TL;DR: The lack of unidirectional and consistent patterns of association for depression and substance use disorders indicates that multiple mechanisms of comorbidity are likely to be simultaneously active in this population.

TL;DR: The empirical evidence of impaired social skills associated with depression is reviewed, followed by evidence from self-report, observer-rating, and behavioral assessments of depressed people's social skills.

TL;DR: The empirical literature on the comorbidity between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and substance use disorders (SUDs) is reviewed and the conceptualization of the relations and interactions of the major factors influencing the development of BPD and contributing to the comorosity between B PD and SUDs is presented.

TL;DR: It is suggested that pretrauma measures of intelligence (IQ) are predictive of the development of PTSD symptoms following trauma and there is some evidence to suggest that the processes associated with autobiographical memory in PTSD populations are similar to those seen in depression.

TL;DR: For example, the authors reviewed over a century's research into the developmental patterns of normal fear and found that fear decreases in prevalence and intensity with age and specific fears are transitory in nature.

TL;DR: The history of EE research in schizophrenia is outlined, the evidence for the association between family EE and the course of schizophrenic illness is discussed, and conclusions are drawn about the extent to which EE predicts illness course in conditions other than schizophrenia.

TL;DR: Nine incidents of multiple-victim homicide in American secondary schools are examined and common risk factors are identified.

TL;DR: This meta-analysis addresses the association between attachment security and each of three maternal mental health correlates in mother-child pairs and discusses measurement issues (specifically, overreliance on self-report inventories) and the need to study the correlates of change in attachment security, rather than just the correlate of attachment security per se.

TL;DR: Little empirical support is found for models suggesting that schizophrenic symptoms lead to substance use (self-medication), that substance use leads to schizophrenia, or that there is a genetic relationship between schizophrenia and substance use.

TL;DR: The assessment problem posed by this apparent symptom overreporting of combat-related PTSD is described, the literature regarding several potential explanatory factors are reviewed, and conceptual and practical issues relevant to reaching a better understanding are addressed.

TL;DR: Preliminary research presents an optimistic picture for preventative strategies in the future of anxiety disorders in children, and knowledge of the risk factors, protective factors, and treatment strategies associated with childhood anxiety disorders, in conjunction with theories regarding the methods, timing, levels, and targets of prevention, equip us well for effectively preventing children's anxiety disorders.

TL;DR: Methods of assessment for children, including diagnostic interviews, self-report instruments, and behavioural, cognitive, and psychophysiological measures, are outlined, including psychometric and developmental issues, and their influence on assessment.

TL;DR: This paper will summarize and analyze the literature on childhood sexual abuse in relation to racial, ethnic, cultural, and other factors relevant to African American, Hispanic, and Asian populations and offer recommendations for future research.

TL;DR: It is argued that EMDR provides an excellent vehicle for illustrating the differences between scientific and pseudoscientific therapeutic techniques and is of critical importance for clinical psychologists who intend to base their practice on the best available research.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review examines controlled studies of the psychosocial adjustment of adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs) published since 1988 and concludes that ACOAs appear at increased risk for a variety of negative outcomes, including substance abuse, antisocial or under-controlled behaviors, depressive symptoms, anxiety disorders, low self-esteem, difficulties in family relationships, and generalized distress and maladjustment.

TL;DR: None of these four hypotheses have unequivocal support for explaining all cases of bipolar and substance use disorder co-occurrence, and it is probable that all four mechanisms play some role in the excess of substance abuse observed in bipolar patients.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) criteria for ADHD and PTSD is presented, and commonalities are discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, six psychosocial interventions for individuals with dementia are described in terms of theoretical basis, how knowledge about dementia is incorporated, techniques, and empirical support, and they appear helpful for understanding intrapsychic concerns of demented individuals.

TL;DR: In many settings phallometric evaluations of sexual arousal are routinely conducted with sexual offenders and these evaluation procedures also serve as research instruments as discussed by the authors, however, problems with the psychometric bases of these assessments, and studies reporting their use have so many idiosyncratic features that comparisons are of dubious value.

TL;DR: It is concluded that research concerned with the psychopathological consequences of thought suppression would benefit from development of better taxonomies of intrusive thinking and cognitive avoidance strategies.

TL;DR: Initial findings demonstrate a phenomenological link between CEA and eating psychopathology, and suggest that this association might be different to the links for other forms of trauma (i.e., CEA may have a relationship with a broader range of eating symptoms than sexual and physical abuse).

TL;DR: It has been suggested that pathological grief should become either a separate category of mental disorder or be integrated within existing, extended classifications in systems such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

TL;DR: A review of the literature indicates that the hypotheses proposed to clarify the etiological relationship between eating disorders and substance use have not been supported sufficiently or consistently by empirical evidence as discussed by the authors, leading to a lack of well developed models, a reliance on co-prevalence data, and lack of integration of knowledge from eating disorder and substance usage research.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors suggest that because there are no proven, effective interventions showing reduced suicidal behaviors in older adults, the best current approach is to improve detection and treatment of later-life depression.

TL;DR: It is suggested that studies utilizing cognitive-behavioral treatment routinely examine the influence of comorbid conditions on treatment outcome, and personality psychopathology was found to exert a detrimental effect on the outcome of cognitive- behavioral treatment for panic disorder.

TL;DR: Though some interventions appear effective in the short-term, reported relapse rates are high and future research on treatment for trichotillomania should focus on improving long-term outcomes.