Showing papers in "Clinical Psychology Review in 2012"

TL;DR: A systematic search of the literature on compassion and mental health used meta-analysis to explore associations between self-compassion and psychopathology using random effects analyses of Fisher's Z correcting for attenuation arising from scale reliability and found a large effect size.

TL;DR: The review and meta-analysis support the efficacy and effectiveness of computer-based psychological treatments for depression, in diverse settings and with different populations, and highlights participant satisfaction.

TL;DR: Eye tracking research on anxiety and depression is reviewed, evaluating the experimental paradigms and eye movement indicators used to study attentional biases and suggesting avenues for future research using eye-tracking technology.

TL;DR: The meta-analysis estimated the population effect sizes of 25 potential risk factors for PTSD in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years and supports the cognitive model of PTSD as a way of understanding its development and guiding interventions to reduce symptoms.

TL;DR: An extensive review of the research on NSSI and suicidal behavior among adolescents and adults concludes that an integrated model is introduced and several recommendations for future research are provided to extend theory development.

TL;DR: Treatment targeted at specific anxiety disorders, individual psychotherapy, and psychotherapy with older children and adolescents had effect sizes which were larger than effect sizes for treatments targeting a range of anxiety disorders; however, quality ratings were higher for more recently published studies.

TL;DR: It is suggested that enhanced HPA feedback function may be a marker of trauma-exposure rather than a specific mechanism of vulnerability for PTSD, whereas lower daily cortisol output may be associated with PTSD in particular.

TL;DR: It is suggested that children with ADHD exhibit statistically significant, large magnitude working memory deficits relative to their typically developing peers.

TL;DR: Therapist variability in the alliance appears to be more important than patient variability for improved patient outcomes, even when simultaneously controlling for several potential covariates of this relationship.

TL;DR: This paper attempts to apply the combined cognitive bias hypothesis (Hirsch, Clark, & Mathews, 2006) to depression research and reviews competing theoretical frameworks that have guided research in this area.

TL;DR: A sufficient literature base has documented that TOB and MJ use are strongly related in young people, yet few consistent correlates and consequences of co-use have been identified to inform intervention targets.

TL;DR: NDST has a considerable effect on symptoms of depression, and most of the effect of therapy for adult depression is realized by non-specific factors, and the results suggest that the contribution of specific effects is limited at best.

TL;DR: A systematic review of all ESM/EMA studies in MDD and BD to date focuses not only on the correlates of patients' everyday mood but also on the impact on treatment, residual symptoms in remitted patients, on findings in pediatric populations, on MDD/BD specificity, and on links with neuroscience.

TL;DR: Overall, this work concludes that FTFIs provide the most effective and enduring effects of computer-delivered interventions.

TL;DR: Three broad categories of cognitive dysfunction proposed across models of ADHD are focused on - cognitive processes (e.g., working memory, planning, and inhibitory control), self-regulation deficits, and motivational or arousal difficulties.

TL;DR: The author reviews the current state of support for the CaR-FA-X model by evaluating 38 studies that have examined OGM and one or more mechanisms of the model, and reveals robust support for associations between O GM and both rumination and impaired executive control.

TL;DR: The current investigation represents the first meta-analysis of the depressive realism literature and indicated that studies lacking an objective standard of reality and that utilize self-report measures to measure symptoms of depression were more likely to find depressive realism effects.

TL;DR: Overall, individuals with chronic pain were found to show significantly greater bias towards pain-related information compared to controls, with an effect size of .36 (Hedges' adjusted g).

TL;DR: It is highlighted that intimate partner abuse is a significant risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behaviours, which has important clinical implications.

TL;DR: Though both RCTs showed significant large treatment effects, the literature is startlingly sparse and is not sufficient for evidence-based recommendations for first responders.

TL;DR: Guided self-help based on cognitive-behavioral principles (CBTgsh) provides a robust means of improving implementation and scalability of evidence-based treatment for eating disorders and can be improved by incorporating the principles of enhanced transdiagnostic CBT.

TL;DR: The present meta-analysis revealed large and robust depression-related Stroop effects that challenge schema-based theories of the Emotional Stroop effect and predictions based on previous qualitative reviews of the literature.

TL;DR: Research that extends findings to the emotional dysfunction characteristic of borderline personality disorder suggests that people with BPD habitually attend to negative stimuli, have disproportionate access to negative memories, endorse a range of BPD-consistent negative beliefs about themselves, the world, and other people, and make negatively biased interpretations and evaluations of neutral or ambiguous stimuli.

TL;DR: This review highlights both the development of normative and dys regulated positive emotion during adolescence and the role of dysregulated positive emotion in adolescent psychopathology, specifically adolescent depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, externalizing disorders and eating disorders.

TL;DR: Results of this study recommend against implementation of programs limited to case management and highlight the promise of family interventions and restorative justice, as high levels of heterogeneity characterize diversion research.

TL;DR: Although most treatments for concurrent PTSD and SUD did not prove to be superior to regular SUD treatments, there are some promising preliminary results suggesting that some patients might benefit from trauma-focused interventions, but the lack of methodologically sound treatment trials makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions.

TL;DR: The current review underscores the clear advantages of differentiating between AGG and RB when studying antisocial behavior, and indicates that neither AGG nor RB is redundant with callous-unemotional traits.

TL;DR: Results indicate that imagery rehearsal had large effects on nightmare frequency, sleep quality, and PTSD symptoms from the initial to post-treatment assessments, and these effects were sustained through 6 to 12 months follow-up.

TL;DR: Evidence suggests that hair pulling disorder and skin picking disorder co-occur more often than can be expected by chance, have substantial similarities in a variety of clinical characteristics and may have some distal risk factors in common.

TL;DR: This review provides a summary of evidence for a select number of biological and cognitive factors identified as pre-trauma vulnerabilities to PTSD and highlights directions for future research in this area.