Journal•ISSN: 1556-3650
Clinical Toxicology
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About: Clinical Toxicology is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Poison control & Drug overdose. It has an ISSN identifier of 1556-3650. Over the lifetime, 5425 publications have been published receiving 114986 citations. The journal is also known as: Clin Toxicol & Clin. Toxicol..
Topics: Poison control, Drug overdose, Population, Antivenom, Activated charcoal
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TL;DR: In this paper, the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOA) published a survey of the state-of-the-art methods and their application in clinical toxicology, including the following:
Abstract: (1976). The Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Clinical Toxicology: Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 471-471.
4,514 citations
TL;DR: These data support the continued value of PC expertise and need for specialized medical toxicology information to manage the more severe exposures, despite a decrease in calls involving less severe exposures.
Abstract: Background: This is the 31st Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ (AAPCC) National Poison Data System (NPDS). As of January 1, 2013, 57 of the nation's poison center...
795 citations
TL;DR: A Poisoning Severity Score has been developed and found applicable for grading the severity of poisoning and is intended to be an overall evaluation of the case, taking into account the most severe clinical features.
Abstract: Background; A standardized and generally applicable scheme for grading the severity of poisoning allows a qualitative evaluation of morbidity and facilitates comparability of data. Working from a simple grading scale proposed by the European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists, a Poisoning Severity Score has been developed jointly with the International Programme on Chemical Safety and the European Commission. Methods: The Poisoning Severity Score has been elaborated, tested, and gradually revised during a project running 1991-1994. Fourteen poisons centers from various countries have participated. Each center independently graded 371 cases of acute poisoning by ten different toxic agents. The data were then analyzed and compared. Results: The concordance in grading the severity increased during the study period, and in the last phase there was an acceptable concordance among centers in 80% or more of the cases. Given the condition and quality of the original case records, th...
677 citations
TL;DR: Fomepizole is the preferred antidote for methanol poisoning and although there are no clinical outcome data confirming the superiority of either of these antidotes over the other, there are significant disadvantages associated with ethanol.
Abstract: Epidemiology: Almost all cases of acute methanol toxicity result from ingestion, though rarely cases of poisoning have followed inhalation or dermal absorption. The absorption of methanol following oral administration is rapid and peak methanol concentrations occur within 30–60 minutes. Mechanisms of Toxicity: Methanol has a relatively low toxicity and metabolism is responsible for the transformation of methanol to its toxic metabolites. Methanol is oxidized by alcohol dehydrogenase to formaldehyde. The oxidation of formaldehyde to formic acid is facilitated by formaldehyde dehydrogenase. Formic acid is converted by 10-formyl tetrahydrofolate synthetase to carbon dioxide and water. In cases of methanol poisoning, formic acid accumulates and there is a direct correlation between the formic acid concentration and increased morbidity and mortality. The acidosis observed in methanol poisoning appears to be caused directly or indirectly by formic acid production. Formic acid has also been shown to inhibit cyto...
666 citations
TL;DR: The emergence of a new group of substances of abuse in the USA, known as bath salts, is reported with quantitative results in 18 patients, the first report of MDPV exposures with quantitative blood level confirmation.
Abstract: Recently, there has been a worldwide rise in the popularity and abuse of synthetic cathinones. In 2009 and 2010, a significant rise in the abuse of a new group of synthetic cathinones was reported ...
499 citations