Showing papers in "Cognition in 2019"

TL;DR: This article found that cognitive reflection test performance is negatively correlated with perceived accuracy of fake news, and positively correlated with the ability to distinguish fake news from real news, even for headlines that align with individuals' political ideology.

TL;DR: Results suggest that culturally-transmitted concepts about how to interpret the social world shape patterns of moral judgments, possibly via mental state inference.

TL;DR: It is suggested that understanding others' internal states may be a multidimensional process that interacts with other abilities, a process which may not occur in a single conceptual framework.

TL;DR: A current account of AOT as a general prescriptive theory that defines a standard or norm for all thinking, with emphasis on its role in the judgment of the thinking of others, and in maintaining appropriate confidence is provided.

TL;DR: This study applied a reverse engineering approach to reveal which facial features are critical for familiar face recognition and discovered that the same subset of features that are used for matching unfamiliar faces, are also used for matched as well as recognition of familiar faces.

TL;DR: A longitudinal corpus of 32 preschoolers with ASD and 35 linguistically matched TD peers recorded over 6 visits is employed to investigate the relative importance of child-based and environmental factors in language development for both populations and the reciprocal interaction between children's response to parents' input, and parents' response to children's production.

TL;DR: A typology of social attention levels which are currently all referred to in the literature as joint attention are outlined, along with corresponding levels of common knowledge, and a key distinction is second-personal vs. third-personal relations.

TL;DR: This work examines whether the asymmetry is found for reflective intuitions regarding wrongness, blame, permissibility, and punishment judgments, whether people's concrete, case-based judgments align with their explicit, abstract principles regarding moral luck, and what psychological mechanisms might drive the effect.

TL;DR: Given a clear and novel causal structure, preschoolers display adult-like counterfactual reasoning, and performance was significantly above chance on this more difficult version of the task.

TL;DR: A dissociation of the role of eye movements during the encoding and recognition of scenes is revealed, showing thatEye movements during study are instrumental in forming memories, and eye movements During recognition support the judgment of memory veracity.

TL;DR: The existence of human-like curiosity in non-human primates according to the proposed criteria is demonstrated by taking advantage of macaques' ability to reason counterfactually to obtain information about counterfactual outcomes.

TL;DR: It is found that the model's trial-by-trial estimates of target word probability accounted for significant variance in trial- by-trial N400 amplitude, suggesting that Bayesian principles contribute to how comprehenders adapt their semantic predictions to the statistical structure of their broader environment.

TL;DR: The possibility that sex differences in math anxiety, may be rooted in sex-related differences in anxiety about or avoidance of spatial strategies in solving mathematical tasks is raised.

TL;DR: The contribution of two specific mechanisms-interaction and transmission-to the emergence of a manual communication system in silent gesturers are investigated and it is shown that the combined effects of these mechanisms maintain communicative efficiency, and lead to a gradual increase of regularity and systematic structure.

TL;DR: It is reported that gaze allocation depends on the sub-task being carried out (speaking vs. listening), and it is asserted that gaze guidance elicited by the confederate looking away is related to the participants' sub- task of monitoring the confederationate for when they can begin speaking.

TL;DR: Participants believe politically like-minded others are better at unrelated tasks and turn to the politicallyLike-minded even when others are more accurate, and are more influenced by politicallylike others on those issues.

TL;DR: This study of 1099 Chinese elementary school students investigated whether the same visual form perception (assessed by a geometric figure matching task) underlies both reading comprehension and arithmetic computation, and showed that visual form Perception had close relations with bothReading comprehension andithmetic computation, even after controlling for age, gender, and cognitive factors.

TL;DR: The authors show that there exist at least two independent sources of regularization bias in cognition: a domain-general source based on cognitive load and a domain specific source triggered by linguistic stimuli.

TL;DR: Two studies examine whether past findings would replicate when employing process dissociation to assess deontological and utilitarian inclinations independently and reveal opportunity for additional nuance in dual process theorist's claims about the link between reflection and dilemma judgments.

TL;DR: There is some overlap of the control mechanisms across domains, suggesting short-term language switching training can transfer to the non-linguistic domain for certain sub-mechanisms (i.e., switch cost).

TL;DR: An exemplar-based computational model of regular sound change in which the listener plays a large role is presented, and it is demonstrated that it generates sound changes with properties and word frequency effects seen in corpora.

TL;DR: A re-analysis of a large dataset shows the importance of intellectual diversity in psychology, especially when studying such topics as religiosity and political attitudes, and shows that it is possible to construct BR items with parallel content that are not so demographically biased.

TL;DR: Examining how both endogenous attentional settings and the availability of attentional capacity modulate capture by multisensory stimuli finds that these may be advantageous during demanding tasks, but may be less suitable to signaling unexpected events.

TL;DR: Correlational analyses in each study and a structural equation model for the combined studies provide strong support for the role of mental scene construction in an integrative neurocognitive approach to clarify cognitive theory and clinical phenomena.

TL;DR: The first explicit test of the awareness relations hypothesis is presented by examining when rhesus macaques' understanding of other agents' knowledge falters, suggesting that monkeys reason about others' knowledge of objects by forming awareness relations which are disrupted by arbitrary spatial manipulation of the target object while an agent has no perceptual access to it.

TL;DR: Participants' confidence judgments about their memory predicted their decisions to use the saved information, indicating that cognitive offloading is associated with metacognitive evaluation about memory performance.

TL;DR: This paper details the testing of a model of pain perception which formalises the response to pain in terms of a Bayesian prior-to-posterior updating process, and produces a characterisation of each individual's sensitivity to pain expectations.

TL;DR: A psychological theory in which it is the foundation of human reasoning is presented, which explains how possibilities have distinct interpretations, how people represent them in models, and how these models yield inferences.

TL;DR: The predictive use of case at four provides strong evidence that children's comprehension relies on broad, abstract mappings between syntax and semantics, which allow children to determine the event role of a case marked argument prior to identifying the verb.

TL;DR: It is found that implicit learning, like explicit learning, varies reliably across individuals, suggesting that differences in implicit learning ability are more stable than originally thought.