Showing papers in "Cognition in 2020"

TL;DR: Contrary to many current proposals of the neural architecture of language, syntactic/combinatorial processing is not separable from lexico-semantic processing at the level of brain regions-or even voxel subsets-within the language network, in line with strong integration between these two processes that has been consistently observed in behavioral and computational language research.

TL;DR: It is shown that specific mental training practices are needed to induce plasticity in different domains of mental functioning, providing a foundation for evidence-based development of more targeted interventions adapted to the needs of different education, labor, and health settings.

TL;DR: High-RPE events are both more strongly encoded, show intact links with their predecessor, and act as event boundaries that interrupt the sequential integration of events, captured in a variant of the Context Maintenance and Retrieval model.

TL;DR: This work tackled the illusory truth effect by prompting people to behave like "fact checkers" and found that focusing on accuracy at exposure wiped out the illusion later, but only when participants held relevant knowledge.

TL;DR: Results showed that although cognitive capacity was associated with the correction tendency, it primarily predicted correct intuitive responding (overall r = 0.22) and force us to rethink the nature of sound reasoning and the role of cognitive capacity in reasoning.

TL;DR: The results suggest that interoceptive and exteroceptive processing do adjust to each other; in this case, by sampling the outer environment during quiescent periods of the inner organism.

TL;DR: Two studies designed to address limitations in the hypothesis that cognitive sophistication magnifies politically biased processing of new information find consistent evidence that greater analytic thinking was associated with posterior beliefs closer to the benchmark.

TL;DR: This paper investigates the "subject island" constraint across constructions in English and French, a constraint that blocks extraction out of subjects and proposes a theory that takes into account the discourse status of the extracted element in the construction at hand, which is as good or better than a similar extraction from objects.

TL;DR: The results reinforced the importance of taking a multi-faceted approach to mind-wandering - one that address individual differences at the cognitive, contextual, and dispositional levels, as well as the distinction between intentional and unintentional mind-Wandering.

TL;DR: A weak a priori association between visual and tactile spatial signals that can be strengthened by distributing attention across both modalities is indicated.

TL;DR: Interacting with robotic agents affects SoA, similarly to interacting with other humans, but differently from interacting with non-agentic mechanical devices, indicating that attribution of intentional agency plays a crucial role in reduction of SoA.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the Adaptive Control Hypothesis is not likely to account for the inconsistent results regarding the bilingual advantage hypothesis, at least in the case of the response-inhibition mechanism.

TL;DR: Together, these results show that existing knowledge of acoustic cues can block later learning of new cues, and speech sound acquisition depends on the predictive structure of learning events, which may have considerable implications for the field of speech acquisition.

TL;DR: Striking evidence that body part boundaries consistently modulate tactile perception is found, despite differences in the linguistic distinctions of such body parts made by one's first language.

TL;DR: It is argued that English spelling may have become fractionated such that the high degree of spelling-sound inconsistency maximises the transmission of meaningful information.

TL;DR: It is shown that feelings of insight can be overgeneralized and bias how true an idea or fact appears, simply if it occurs in the temporal 'neighbourhood' of an Aha! moment.

TL;DR: It is shown for the first time that memory for the identity of naturalistic objects and their location in 3D space is higher after incidental encoding compared to explicit memorization, even though the subsequent memory tests came as a surprise to participants.

TL;DR: It will be argued that it is time for cognitive science to seriously come to terms with deep learning, and the reasons why this is the case are spelled out.

TL;DR: Support for the noun prediction revision hypothesis was strengthened by exploratory analyses: ERPs elicited by gender-mismatching articles correlated with incurred constraint towards a new noun (next-word entropy), and N400s for initially unpredictable nouns decreased when articles made them more predictable.

TL;DR: These findings indicate that the search advantage seen for face-to-face dyads is a product of the directional cues present within arrangements, not the fact that they are processed as social interactions, per se.

TL;DR: The first controlled study of the effects of ordinary philosophical ethics classes on real-world moral choices, using non-self-report, non-laboratory behavior as the dependent measure, found that it remains unclear what aspect of instruction influenced behavior.

TL;DR: This work revisits the evolution of color terms using original color-naming data obtained with simple instructions in Tsimane', an Amazonian culture that has limited contact with industrialized society and discovers that information theory analysis of color- naming data was not influenced by color-chip saturation, which motivated a new analysis of the WCS data.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the strength of the bias varies dramatically across development and that linguistic experience is likely one causal factor contributing to this change.

TL;DR: The results indicate possible boundaries to the Foreign language effect in decision making and propose that factors such as cultural influence and linguistic similarity diminish the Foreign Language effect.

TL;DR: The results highlight the constraints that a learner's native language imposes on language learning, and inform theories of L1-to-Ln transfer during Ln learning and use.

TL;DR: This work argues that semantic categories are learned through domain-general principles, negating the need to posit a domain-specific mechanism and shows how the application of a simplicity principle in learning can give the impression of a bias for informativeness, even when no such bias is present.

TL;DR: A theoretical framework for empirically testing the perceptual relevance of stimulus features through their association with recognition, memory bias, and æsthetic evaluation is provided and suggests further research to explore the meaning and relevance of robust coefficients such as these to the perception of patterns that are periodic in time and, possibly, space.

TL;DR: Using linear mixed-effects modeling, it is shown that faster, more predictable movement sequences with varied velocity profiles are judged to be more effortful, less reproducible, and more aesthetically pleasing than slower sequences with more uniform velocity profiles.

TL;DR: Results replicate the initial findings in a context in which the informative action was less likely to produce a positive outcome than the uninformative one, and discuss the significance for understanding the development of scientific reasoning and the role of self-directed actions in early causal learning.

TL;DR: The results suggest that experimentally inducing anxiety leads to underestimating the duration of temporal intervals, which might be a starting point in explaining different subjective experiences of disorders related to fear and anxiety.