Showing papers in "Computers in Human Behavior in 1994"

TL;DR: This article examined the different learning strategies by Field-independent (FI) people and Fielddependent (FD) people in a hypermedia assisted language learning setting and found that different learning style groups employed different strategies in accomplishing the same task.

TL;DR: The authors found that there is a relationship between computer anxiety and past computer experience, but this area has not been sufficiently examined to clearly define the relationship and the same holds true for the relationship between age and computer anxiety, with little in the way of clear helpful results.

TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted to determine whether providing students with metacognitive instructions during experimentation in a computer simulation environment results in better learning outcomes than unguided discovery learning.

TL;DR: This article found that an early introduction to computers was associated with a more favourable quality of initial experience, leading to lower anxiety and greater readiness of students to use computers. But, they also found that the early computer experience was not associated with the ability to cope with stress, and the extent to which the individual had felt in control and competent during the experience.

TL;DR: Results indicate that psychiatric patients can productively work with computers, and that computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation can produce short-term improvements in psychiatric inpatients' cognitive performance.

TL;DR: This article examined nonclinical subjects' affective reactions to the two modes of questionnaire administration and their responses to a variety of commonly used attitude and personality measures and found that the differences between the two conditions were negligible, suggesting that social scientists should not hesitate to take advantage of the benefits of computeradministered questionnaires.

TL;DR: Overall, users of BARN were more likely to remain free of risk-taking behaviors than nonusers of BARn, and BARN use was also associated with improvements in risk-relevant behaviors.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive review of current literature relating to those personal, demographic, situational and cognitive attributes that affect computer-aided decision-making is provided, and the overall effectiveness of computer-assisted decision making is explored as it relates to decision quality, decision effectiveness, and decision confidence.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the extent to which group gender composition affected group brainstorming performance in a group support system (GSS) environment, and they found that gender composition did not affect group brainstormING performance and suggested that use of GSS technology might empower individuals in groups who might otherwise have been disadvantaged because of the nature of the group composition.

TL;DR: The reactions of 150 hospitalized parasiticides to computerized assessment were evaluated in this paper, and most parasuicides preferred the computer interview to an interview with a doctor (52.3% vs. 17.4%). Preference for the computer was greater in patients with lower levels of self esteem and higher levels of suicidal ideation and hopelessness.

TL;DR: In this article, students were administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Purpose in Life Test (PIL) in either paper-and-pencil or computer-administered format.

TL;DR: In this paper, the limitations of present-day statistical prediction rules are described and recommendations are made for changing the way we build statistical rules and evaluating the validity of the rules for personality and psychopathology diagnosis.

TL;DR: In this paper, computer-administered versions of the revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hopelessness Scale (BHS) were administered to 330 inpatients diagnosed with mixed psychiatric disorders.

TL;DR: A review of recent work in small-group computer-based training (CBT) reveals that using small groups in CBT does not seem to harm achievement but does not necessarily lead to higher achievement, as would be expected from related literature as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: This paper investigated the impact of writing tool (word processing or handwriting), genre (narrative or exposition), and audience (familiar or unfamiliar) on measures of writing quality, syntactic complexity, and number and type of initial text production revisions.

TL;DR: One hundred and twenty-six volunteer students from an introductory psychology course at a large public southeastern university were randomly assigned to one of three computer-assisted career guidance (CACG) systems as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, a normative approach for knowledge-based tutoring is described, which resembles the "meaning is use" attitude present in the pragmatic analyses of natural language meaning. But it exhibits the common projective, empathic attitude towards knowledge modelling as just one interaction game amongst others and not the most profitable one to use in human-computer interaction.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of empirical and selected conceptual research on leadership styles in the information systems environment is presented, which contributes to our knowledge and understanding of implementation theory related to computer-based information systems.

TL;DR: In this article, an experimental instructional package based on a familiar but complex analogy was designed and compared to a control instructional package which was similar to commonly available computer learning packages Twenty female undergraduate computer novices were given either the experimental or control instructional packages and were asked to reproduce a standardized letter.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether interaction with a sex-expert computer system called Sexpert affected couples' attitudes concerning computerized sexual information and modified their ongoing sexual behavior.

TL;DR: Design rules and guidelines from experimental work on computer-supported learning of vocabulary items in a second language and four steps to enhance learning which were proposed by Rosenshine and Stevens (1986) are derived.

TL;DR: Ratings of the system's utility and ease of use were high, and 70% of the users set quit dates, although none were abstinent at 3 months postintervention.

TL;DR: A flexible knowledge-based tutoring system for the conjugation and spelling of Dutch verbs is described, intended to communicate procedural knowledge about the spelling of verb forms to students with elementary spelling knowledge.

TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to search for intercultural differences or cross-cultural consistency of attitudes in this field, based on the Computer and Information Technology Attitude Inventory (CITAI; Weinsier & Leutner, 1988).

TL;DR: In this article, two methods were used to estimate the amount of 11 abilities required to perform the job of mental retardation technician, and the results were examined for the extent to which the two methods produced similar findings.

TL;DR: The feasibility of a new computer technology, decision support systems (DSSs), to assist counselors with their clients in choosing a college major is demonstrated.

TL;DR: It is suggested that using a graphic device called a “conceptual map” to represent the relationships between text concepts can help the reader form a coherent view of the textual information and constrain nonlinear reading to useful juxtapositions of text units.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors apply principles of artificial intelligence to computer-based test interpretations (CBTIs), which are programs for transforming psychological test data into interpretive reports, compared against an evolutionary scale ranging from simple algorithmic systems, which execute rule and equations and trigger verbal statements in an invarying sequence, to systems that are capable of learning.

TL;DR: A taxonomy of content elements is presented in order to define a relatively content-independent instructional planner for introductory programming ITS's; the taxonomy is based on the concepts of programming goals and programming plans.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a test based on the interactive possibilities of a videodisc, which is used within the departments of pharmaceutical education in the senior secondary vocational schools for public health-care and welfare.