Showing papers in "Consciousness and Cognition in 1996"

TL;DR: The geneplore model of creative cognition, which describes how preinventive structures such as creative mental images are generated and interpreted, is discussed and a distinction is made between aspects of creative imagery that reflect conscious, deliberate control and those that reflect the absence of such control, as illustrated particularly by the emergence of unanticipated structures in imagined forms.

TL;DR: A dual-process model in which conscious recollection and familiarity contribute to memory performance is argued for in which models based solely on either threshold or signal-detection processes failed to provide a sufficient account of the data.

TL;DR: This work used the process dissociation procedure to show that such noncriterial recollection can function as familiarity--its effects were independent of intended recollection.

TL;DR: It is argued that it is critical for humans to forget; that is, to have some means of preventing out-of-date information from interfering with the recall of current information, and that the primary means of accomplishing adaptive updating of human memory is retrieval inhibition.

TL;DR: L'A.

TL;DR: Words that were color named during study showed priming equivalent to words that were read during study; both were responded to faster than unstudied words.

TL;DR: A meta-analysis of data from 2517 patients in 44 studies indicated that positive suggestions presented during anesthesia have little or no effect on postoperative recovery and showed that specific information is remembered following surgery, as long as testing is not delayed longer than 36 h.

TL;DR: Three experiments investigated level of processing (LOP) effects on a variety of direct and indirect memory tasks, in the context of a processing theory of dissociations, and constructed three new direct tests in which subjects identified words that were graphemically, phonologically, or semantically similar to studied words.

TL;DR: By assuming that brain-injured patients with global amnesia have a selective deficit in establishing novel associations to the context, the theory can explain their deficits in explicit memory along side their intact implicit memory.

TL;DR: The data provide support for the theoretical framework outlined in Brewer and Pani (1983) and show consistent reports of mental imagery during retrieval of information from the generic perceptual, recollective, motor, rote, and cognitive categories.

TL;DR: Experimental data demonstrate that long-term retention of information is prevented by doses of anesthetic that are low enough to permit awareness and even shortterm memory of auditory stimuli, consistent with the hypothesis that frontal lobe function is particularly sensitive to anesthetics.

TL;DR: Within-group comparisons and findings of release from directed forgetting support inhibitory processes as the major cause of the directed forgetting effect.

TL;DR: Overall, word reading consistently displayed facilitation whereas color naming never exhibited increased interference due to word priming, which appears to be process-specific.

TL;DR: It is found that after a subtle suggestion, subjects falsely recognized words from their own dreams and thought they had been presented during the waking state, suggesting that dreams can sometimes be mistaken for reality.

TL;DR: Evidence coming from several studies into memory and awareness during general anesthesia suggests that in surgical patients who seem to be adequately anesthetized (i.e., unaware of what happens in the operating theater), some form of cognitive functioning is preserved.

TL;DR: Investigation of the conditions of, and the processes leading to, gender biases in fame judgments confirmed that measurement models that ignore response biases in the process dissociation procedure may lead to erroneous conclusions.

TL;DR: It is suggested that consideration of qualia is necessary in order to explain (and not just predict) objective behavior.

TL;DR: It is concluded that subjects do not ordinarily employ an explicit retrieval strategy in the context of the general problem of separating implicit from explicit influences on performance.

TL;DR: Results indicated that consciously controlled and automatic retrieval processes mediated the associative effect in both groups.

TL;DR: Four experiments that investigated the influence of two different nonverbal local contexts on explicit word recognition and implicit word identification test performance found no evidence of memory context effects (MCE) on priming.

TL;DR: Five experiments examined the hypothesis that costs and benefits in the forced-choice perceptual identification task arise from deliberate guessing strategies but that those in the single-stimulus task do not and results are consistent with the view that these bias effects arise from postperceptual guessing strategies.

TL;DR: This scheme, in which corrective models are classified on the basis of process interactions, clarifies the assumptions underlying previously proposed corrections to the process dissociation procedure.

TL;DR: A number of problems are revealed in Wainwright and Reingold's approach to process dissociation measurement models presented by A. Buchner, E. Erdfelder, and B. Vaterrodt-Plünnecke (1995).

TL;DR: It is argued in this paper that theorists have begun to address problems of cognitive psychology's enduring puzzle successfully and that the critical theoretical framework involves thinking of mental images as information within a cognitive system that is fundamentally adaptive.

TL;DR: Some ways of thinking about qualia from a functional perspective are presented, which are functionalist and quite similar to Pam's (1996).

TL;DR: This paper found that bias effects in the forced-choice perceptual identification of words occurred only in a subset of participants, those who claimed on a strategy questionnaire to be deliberately guessing words they had studied previously.

TL;DR: This article uses a guessing-corrected, multinomial process-dissociation analysis to test whether a gender bias in fame judgments reported by Banaji and Greenwald was unconscious and found no evidence for unconscious mediation of this gender bias.