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Showing papers in "Contemporary Sociology in 1980"



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The recent fallecimiento del sociólogo e historiador Charles Tilly (Lombard, Illinois, 1929-Bronx, Nueva York, 2008) puede servir de pretexto for rememorar una trayectoria investigadora sin duda excepcional, plasmada a lo largo de medio siglo en más de 600 artículos and 51 libros and monografías, that le convirtieron en el más influyente especialista
Abstract: El reciente fallecimiento del sociólogo e historiador Charles Tilly (Lombard, Illinois, 1929-Bronx, Nueva York, 2008) puede servir de pretexto para rememorar una trayectoria investigadora sin duda excepcional, plasmada a lo largo de medio siglo en más de 600 artículos y 51 libros y monografías, que le convirtieron en el más influyente especialista en el análisis de la confrontación política en su relación con los grandes procesos de cambio social. Su audiencia mixta de historiadores interesados en sus métodos de análisis innovadores y de sociólogos que buscan modelos alternativos de acción colectiva y estrategias de investigación histórica que den respuesta a las cuestiones teóricas se explica en buena parte porque empleó un lenguaje ambivalente, pero razonablemente comprensible, y una metodología que siempre aspiró a situarse en el cruce entre la historia y la sociología. Su trayectoria intelectual puede ser contada como un dilatado tránsito desde el reduccionismo estructuralista de sus orígenes hacia lo que él mismo llamó “realismo relacional”: una nueva perspectiva de observación donde las transacciones, los vínculos sociales y las conversaciones se convertían en el tejido constitutivo de la vida social.

4,833 citations




MonographDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the Frankfurt School and Habermas have been considered as an important part of critical theory, and an assessment of their work can be found in Section 2.1.
Abstract: Acknowledgements. Introduction. Part I: Critical Theory: The Frankfurt School:. 1. The formation of the Institute of Social Research. 2. Class, Class Conflict and the Development of Capitalism:. Critical theory and political economy. 3. The Culture Industry:. Critical theory and aesthetics. 4. The Changing Structure of the Family and the Individual:. Critical theory and psychoanalysis. 5. The Critique of Instrumental Reason:. Critical theory and philosophy of history. 6. Horkheimera s Formulation of Critical Theory:. Epistemology and method 1. 7. Adornoa s Conception of Negative Dialectics:. Epistemology and method 2. 8. Marcusea s Notions of Theory and Practice:. Epistemology and method 3. Part II: Critical Theory: Habermas:. 9. Introduction to Habermas. 10. Discourse, Science and Society. 11. Interests, Knowledge and Action. 12. The Reformulation of the Foundations of Critical Theory. Part III: The Importance and Limitations of Critical Theory:. 13. An Assessment of the Frankfurt School and Habermas. 14. The concept of critical theory.

1,186 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the World Political Economic Systems (WPSES): the world political economic systems, and the World political economic system: the political economy of the world.
Abstract: Politics and Markets: the World Political Economic Systems , Politics and Markets: the World Political Economic Systems , کتابخانه دیجیتال و فن آوری اطلاعات دانشگاه امام صادق(ع)

1,090 citations








Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, Griffin explores the identification of women with the earth, both as sustenance for humanity and as victim of male rage, starting from Plato's fateful division of the world into spirit and matter, and her analysis of how patriarchal Western philosophy and religion have used language and science to bolster their power over both women and nature.
Abstract: In this famously provocative cornerstone of feminist literature, Susan Griffin explores the identification of women with the earth--both as sustenance for humanity and as victim of male rage. Starting from Plato's fateful division of the world into spirit and matter, her analysis of how patriarchal Western philosophy and religion have used language and science to bolster their power over both women and nature is brilliant and persuasive, coming alive in poetic prose.Griffin draws on an astonishing range of sources--from timbering manuals to medical texts to Scripture and classical literature--in showing how destructive has been the impulse to disembody the human soul, and how the long separated might once more be rejoined. Poet Adrienne Rich calls "Woman and Nature" "perhaps the most extraordinary nonfiction work to have merged from the matrix of contemporary female consciousness--a fusion of patriarchal science, ecology, female history and feminism, written by a poet who has created a new form for her vision. ...The book has the impact of a great film or a fresco; yet it is intimately personal, touching to the quick of woman's experience."







BookDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the scientist as an analogical reasoner is described as a critic of the Metaphor Theory of Innovation, and the effect of social context on the process of scientific investigation is discussed.
Abstract: I Discovery Accounts.- The Interaction between Theory and Data in Science.- The Scientist as an Analogical Reasoner: A Critique of the Metaphor Theory of Innovation.- Is it Possible to Reconstruct the Research Process? Sociology of a Brain Peptide.- II Discovery Acceptance.- Theoreticians and the Production of Experimental Anomaly: The Case of Solar Neutrinos.- The Role of Interests in High-Energy Physics: The Choice between Charm and Colour.- The Effects of Social Context on the Process of Scientific Investigation: Experimental Tests of Quantum Mechanics.- On the Construction of Creativity: The 'Memory Transfer' Phenomenon and the Importance of Being Earnest.- III The Research Process.- Struggles and Negotiations to Define What is Problematic and What is Not: The Sociologic Translation.- The Development of an Interdisciplinary Project.- IV Writing Public Accounts.- Discovery: Logic and Sequence in a Scientific Text.- Contexts of Scientific Discourse: Social Accounting in Experimental Papers.- V The Context of Scientific Investigation.- The Context of Scientific Investigation.




Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a critical analysis of some sociological theories of women's work, including modes of appropriation and the sexual division of labour, in the context of the women's movement in Italy.
Abstract: Preface. Notes on contributors. 1. Feminism and Annette Kuhn and AnnMarie Wolpe 2. Patriarchy and relations of production Roisin McDonough and Rachel Harrison 3. Structures of patriarchy and capital in the family Annette Kuhn 4. Church, state, and family: the women's movement in Italy Lesley Caldwell 5. Sexual division of labour: the case of nursing Eva Gamarnikow 6. Modes of appropriation and the sexual division of labour: a case study from Oaxaca, Mexico Kate Young 7. Women and production: a critical analysis of some sociological theories of women's work Veronica Beechey 8. Domestic labour and Marx's theory of value Paul Smith 9. Women, sex and class Jackie West 10. The state and the oppression of women Mary McIntosh 11. Education and the sexual division of labour AnnMarie Wolpe






Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the early 1970s, women were invisible in work on social stratification, hidden in a conceptualization of female classes or status derived from the class or status of men as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Until six or seven years ago, women were invisible in work on social stratification, hidden in a conceptualization of female class or status derived from the class or status of men (Acker, 1973; Haug, 1973). Sex inequality was not part of the subject matter either of stratification studies focusing on individuals and their distribution in hierarchies of reward or of class studies focusing on aggregates similarly located in relationship to the system of production and the structure of economic and social power. In the ensuing years, there has been an avalanche of publications on sex inequality, much of it within the area of stratification and most in journal articles rather than books. In selectively reviewing this literature, I have been particularly interested in two questions fundamental to an assessment of progress toward stratification theory and research that illuminates the structural positions of women. First, can the disadvantaged and subordinate position of women be understood or explained within the confines of the available theories? Second, is our knowledge of class and stratification deepened, extended, or altered by the new attention to women? The answer to the first question must be "no," unless we discard the assumption of derived status or class for women and investigate the possibilities of conceptualizing women as social beings with identities and existence of their own. It might then be possible to account for sex inequalities within stratification or class frameworks. Three different approaches to this problem are implicit, and sometimes explicit, in the literature: (1) that sex and class stratification are different phenomena and that sex inequality should not be examined at all or should be analyzed separately; (2) that women can be integrated into existing theories without substantial change in those theories; and (3) that reconceptualization is necessary if we are to understand sex inequality. That sex and class stratification are separate processes is implicit in much work on class. For example, a number of writers clearly think that an integration of the analysis of sex and class inequalities is not needed because women are still substantially outside the class system (Giddens, 1973) or because housewifes have the class positions of their husbands (Wright, 1978); the situation of women working for pay is no different than that of men and therefore, can be accounted for with a presumably sex-neutral class analysis. These authors do not discard the old assumptions that female class is determined by the class of male relations and do not deal with sexbased inequality; by implication that subject must be discussed outside the boundaries of class analysis. A similar implicit separation of class stratification and sex stratification appears in the proliferation of books and articles dealing with sex inequality as a separate phenomenon and geared toward the sex roles-women's studies market (e.g., Chafetz, 1974; Stoll, 1974; Deckard, 1979; Duberman, 1975; Walum, 1977; Nielsen, 1978). Class differences in the situations of women and men are described in some books (e.g., Deckard, 1979; Hacker, 1975), and the question of the relationship between sex stratification and class stratification is given brief treatment in others (Chafetz, 1974; Walum, 1977). However, the analyses do not proceed much past the declaration that women constitute a caste; the existence of these books as a separate body of literature attests to the implicit separation in the conceptual frameworks. Recent stratification textbooks illustrate a variety of approaches to bringing sex inequality into a stratification perspective,