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Showing papers in "Cortex in 2010"


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Functional topography is considered to be a consequence of the differential arrangement of connections of the cerebellum with the spinal cord, brainstem, and cerebral hemispheres, reflecting cerebellar incorporation into the distributed neural circuits subserving movement, cognition, and emotion.

1,119 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: The results are in line with the hypothesis of the functional role of the IFOF in the semantic system, by showing that it is mainly connected with two areas involved in semantics: the occipital associative extrastriate cortex and the temporo-basal region.

418 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: It was concluded that the pattern of mentalizing impairments in psychopathy resembles remarkably that seen in participants with lesions of the frontal lobe, particularly with OFC damage, providing support for the notion of amygdala-OFC dysfunction in Psychopathy.

366 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: These findings provide evidence for the functional independence of cognitive from affective ToM and point to an important role of the right DLPFC within neural networks mediating cognitive ToM.

358 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: The hypothesis that age-related differences in activation depend on memory load is tested, and predictions about the recruitment of prefrontal executive processes are based on the Compensation-Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis, which support the viability of CRUNCH as an account of age- related compensation and its potential costs.

338 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Phenotypic analyses supported the hypothesis that both RD and ADHD arise from multiple cognitive deficits rather than a single primary cognitive deficit, and twin analyses indicated that this shared weakness is primarily due to common genetic influences that increase susceptibility to both disorders.

310 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Human cerebellar lesion studies provide evidence that the cerebellum is involved in motor, emotional and cognitive associative learning and the posterolateral hemispheres appear to be of additional importance in fear conditioning in humans.

298 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: The present paper reviews the neuroanatomical, clinical and functional neuroimaging evidence suggestive of a role for the cerebellum in language processing and discusses the possible neuropathophysiological substrates of language impairment associated with cerebellar pathology.

201 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Integrating results from several complementary semi-automated analyses reveals evidence linking atypical white matter microstructure in dyslexia toAtypical fiber orientation in circuits implicated in reading including the left perisylvian language network.

166 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Results suggest that a proportion of dyslexic readers with familial risk background are affected by atypical auditory processing, already present at birth and also relates to pre-reading phonological processing and speech perception.

166 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: It is shown that ToM deficit is probably distinct from other aspects of social cognition like empathy and pragmatic communication skills, and may be distinct from executive functions.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Automatic brain reactivity to facial emotion was investigated as a function of alexithymia and a reduced automatic reactivity of the amygdala and visual occipito-temporal areas could implicate less automated engagement in the encoding of emotional stimuli in high alexithsymia individuals.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: This research attacked the mode of reinforcement learning using a probabilistic approach and found that simple actions such as “listen” and “feel” improved the ability of the mind to solve the language-based language barrier.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Significant clusters were identified in the white matter that were associated with working memory performance that were suggested to mirror working memory pathways suggested by previous functional connectivity imaging.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the functional impact of cerebellar lesion on cortical functioning through disruption of the cerebello-cerebral connections and found that the right cerebellum was associated with logical reasoning and language processing and the left cerebellus mediating right-hemispheric functions including attentional and visuo-spatial skills.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Results showed significant differences between stuttering and non-stuttering speakers in both effective connectivity and anatomical structures in the BGTC in the left brain, shedding significant light on the neural mechanisms of stuttering.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: A functional dissociation between the dorsal "motor" dentate and "cognitive" ventral dentate agrees with neuroanatomical tract tracing studies that have demonstrated separate neural pathways involving each region of the dentate.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that the neurofunctional reorganizations related to CR among a-MCI and AD patients can be seen even when considering a preserved cognitive domain, being independent of gray matter atrophy.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: In this article, a significant correlation was found between duration of mutism and severity of neurological symptoms in children after resection of cerebellar tumours, including oropharyngeal dyspraxia, emotional lability and neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Examination of functional brain abnormalities in dyslexic German readers found underactivation in a left ventral occipitotemporal region which presumably is engaged by visual-orthographic whole word recognition and increased engagement of visual occipital regions and of regions presumably engaged by silent articulatory processes.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: An extensive investigation of upright and inverted face processing in a well-characterized case of face-selective AP, PS concludes that the FIE is generally absent, or at least clearly reduced following AP, and suggests that the paradoxical superior performance for inverted faces observed in rare cases may be due to additional upper visual field defects rather than to high-level competing visual processes.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: TS revealed important thinning in brain regions particularly involved in the somatosensory/motor bodily representations which may play an important role in tics, in agreement with Leckman et al. (1991) hypothesis.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Brain activation of "Aha" effects with event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during solving Chinese logogriphs indicates that the precuneus might be involved in successful prototype events retrieval, and the left inferior frontal/middle frontal gyrus and the cerebellum might be involvement in re-arrangement of visual stimulus and deployment of attentional resources.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: The brain processes responsible for the integration of emotional information originating from different sources are investigated and emotion-specific activations suggest that each emotion uses a separate network to integrate bimodal information and shares a common network for cross-modal integration.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: The role of attention in this process is examined, mechanisms of spatial attention in the visual modality are reviewed, and possible links between spatial attention and multisensory integration of space are highlighted.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: These cases provide evidence for familial transmission of high-level visual recognition deficits with normal intermediate-level form vision in parents and daughters from one family.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Findings suggest that older adults' "positivity effect" may arise from age-related changes in the interactions between affect-processing regions and the hippocampus during the encoding of positive information.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: The modality and category specificity of the deficits provide clear evidence of neural substrates within the left-mid-fusiform gyrus that are specialized and necessary for normal orthographic processing.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: The fMRI results suggest that age-related deficits in both spatial and temporal context retrieval may be linked to functional changes in right dorsolateral and left medial anterior PFC (APFC) function, and imply that older adults attempt to compensate for these deficits by engaging left dorsol lateral PFC during spatial context retrieval and right APFC during temporal context retrieved.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2010-Cortex
TL;DR: Evidence of predominance of right-handedness for human-directed gestures communication is found in captive chimpanzees when directed to both humans and conspecifics and the existence of a specific communicative system involving gestures constitutes an ideal prerequisite for the cerebral substrates of human language and its typical left-lateralization.