Journal•ISSN: 1934-8525
Current protocols in microbiology
Wiley
About: Current protocols in microbiology is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Virus & Genome. It has an ISSN identifier of 1934-8525. Over the lifetime, 389 publications have been published receiving 9329 citations.
Topics: Virus, Genome, Gene, Plant virus, Viral replication
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this article, the early stages of biofilm formation are examined using static biofilm assays, which are suitable for either small or relatively large-scale studies and can be used individually or in combination for the study of biofilms.
Abstract: Many bacteria can exist as surface-attached aggregations known as biofilms. Presented in this unit are several approaches for the study of these communities. The focus here is on static biofilm systems, which are particularly useful for examination of the early stages of biofilm formation, including initial adherence to the surface and microcolony formation. Furthermore, most of the techniques presented are easily adapted to the study of biofilms under a variety of conditions and are suitable for either small- or relatively large-scale studies. Unlike assays involving continuous-flow systems, the static biofilm assays described here require very little specialized equipment and are relatively simple to execute. In addition, these static biofilm systems allow analysis of biofilm formation with a variety of readouts, including microscopy of live cells, macroscopic visualization of stained bacteria, and viability counts. Used individually or in combination, these assays provide useful means for the study of biofilms.
923 citations
TL;DR: A detailed protocol for expression of antigens derived from the spike protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 that can serve as a substrate for immunological assays, as well as a two‐stage serological enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be used for research studies and for testing in clinical laboratories.
Abstract: In late 2019, cases of atypical pneumonia were detected in China. The etiological agent was quickly identified as a betacoronavirus (named SARS-CoV-2), which has since caused a pandemic. Several methods allowing for the specific detection of viral nucleic acids have been established, but these only allow detection of the virus during a short period of time, generally during acute infection. Serological assays are urgently needed to conduct serosurveys, to understand the antibody responses mounted in response to the virus, and to identify individuals who are potentially immune to re-infection. Here we describe a detailed protocol for expression of antigens derived from the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 that can serve as a substrate for immunological assays, as well as a two-stage serological enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These assays can be used for research studies and for testing in clinical laboratories. © 2020 The Authors. Basic Protocol 1: Mammalian cell transfection and protein purification Basic Protocol 2: A two-stage ELISA for high-throughput screening of human serum samples for antibodies binding to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.
644 citations
TL;DR: The following protocols describe how to install QIIME on a single computer and use it to analyze microbial 16S sequence data from nine distinct microbial communities.
Abstract: QIIME (canonically pronounced "chime") is a software application that performs microbial community analysis. It is an acronym for Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology, and has been used to analyze and interpret nucleic acid sequence data from fungal, viral, bacterial, and archaeal communities. The following protocols describe how to install QIIME on a single computer and use it to analyze microbial 16S sequence data from nine distinct microbial communities.
487 citations
TL;DR: MDCK cells are the preferred cell line for isolation of human influenza viruses from clinical specimens, and are divided into subtypes based on genetic and antigenic differences in the two surface spike proteins, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase.
Abstract: Influenza viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, enveloped RNA viruses belonging to the family Orthomyxoviridae. Three types exist, influenza A, B, and C. All infect humans, but only A and B are major human pathogens. Influenza type A viruses are divided into subtypes based on genetic and antigenic differences in the two surface spike proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). The appropriate cell lines to be used for isolation of influenza A or B viruses depend on the clinical information and the host of origin. MDCK cells are the preferred cell line for isolation of human influenza viruses from clinical specimens.
295 citations
TL;DR: This unit includes protocols for the growth and maintenance of Vero cell lines in a research laboratory setting, which are one of the more commonly used mammalian continuous cell Lines in microbiology and molecular and cell biology research.
Abstract: Vero cells are derived from the kidney of an African green monkey, and are one of the more commonly used mammalian continuous cell lines in microbiology, and molecular and cell biology research. This unit includes protocols for the growth and maintenance of Vero cell lines in a research laboratory setting.
199 citations