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Showing papers in "Earth and Planetary Science Letters in 1995"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a model that suggests that oceanic lithosphere detaches from continental lithosphere during continental collision (slab breakoff), allowing an explanation of syn- to post-collisional magmatism and metamorphism.

1,399 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the bulk composition of the Earth and the composition of its mantle and core are calculated using the ratios of major and trace elements, without resorting to assumptions about core formation processes.

713 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a simple method for estimation of long-term mean denudation rates using in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be in fluvial sediments is presented.

517 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a three-layer model of the continental lithosphere is used to model the subduction process of the Himalayas, and the results of the modelling are tested on the example of the Mt. Kilimanjarvis.

499 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, four previously known ash layers (Ash Zones I and II, Saksunarvatn and the Settlement layer) all originating in Iceland have been identified in the Central Greenland ice core GRIP.

496 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured amphibole-melt and phlogopitemelt partition coefficients (D ) for 22 trace elements in experimentally crystallized natural basanites with the ion microprobe.

465 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Partial melting of a natural lherzolite (KLB-1) under H2O-under saturated conditions was experimentally investigated at 1 GPa over the temperature range from 1100 to 1350°C as discussed by the authors.

464 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a procedure for quantifying thermal histories from apatite fission track data is presented, which relies on an initial stochastic search of a broad range of potential thermal histories using a GA.

433 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An astronomical time scale for the late Miocene based on the correlation of characteristic sedimentary cycle patterns in marine sections in the Mediterranean to the 65”N summer insolation curve of La90 with present-day values for the dynamical ellipticity of the Earth and tidd dissipation by the moon is presented.

412 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the variability in highly incompatible trace element ratios in ocean island basalts (OIB) from the central Atlantic extend to relatively enriched and fractionated compositions in regions of older oceanic lithosphere.

406 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the order of incompatibility during the evolution of mid-ocean ridge basalts is La > H2O ≈ Ce > Nd.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the composition of the Kaapvaal peridotite is very different from that of the post-Archaean peridote.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the trace element compositions of amphibole and mica separated from mantle xenoliths in alkali basalts were analyzed by ICP-MS, and it was shown that amphibole can be important hosts for Nb and Ta and cannot be ignored in identifying the underlying cause of the nearly universal relative NbTa depletion of subduction-related volcanic rocks.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the previously poorly known magnetic characteristics of sedimentary greigite (Fe3S4) have been investigated and several diagnostic magnetic properties can be used in conjunction to rapidly screen sediments to detect the presence of Greigite.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the chemical and thermal consequences of an internal evolution model accounting for the possible role of these sources of chemical buoyancy are explored. But the model is not suitable for the case of high-TiO2 mare basalts.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, large-scale compositional domains at DSDP/ODP drill sites 417A, 417D and 418A were analyzed for O, Sr and Nd isotope ratios, and REE, U, K, Rb and Sr abundances, to constrain the bulk chemical composition of the oceanic crust.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of altered rims and unaltered cores of two mylonitic peridotites reveal that submarine weathering can increase 187 Os 188 Os ratios by more than 5%.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the ages of the last interglacial fossil reefs along the stable coastal margin of Western Australia are reported using methods of thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS) and combined with glacio-hydro isostatic sea-level models they indicate that the Last Interglacial period occurred from at least 130 to 117 ka.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the arrival times of P-waves from teleseismic events, recorded by a dense network of mobile and permanent stations within the French Massif Central, were used to derive a 3D P-velocity model for an area of 425 km × 300 km.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed that the boundary between thick and thin lithosphere focuses both the strain in the lithosphere and the upwelling convection, and they considered a series of calculations with a step function change in thickness of the boundary layer and an externally imposed pull-apart.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the production of cosmogenic nuclides in the Earth's atmospheric and in-situ in the surface is discussed and the production rates of 3 H, 7 Be, 10 Be, 14 C, 21 Ne, 26 Al, and 36 Cl agree well with experimental measurements for certain minerals in surface samples.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new ion microprobe dating method based on the decay of 232 Th to 208 Pb in monazite that has directly revealed the presence of inherited Pb from the Manalsu granite, casting doubt on its previously accepted age.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The postdepositional mobility of Cd and U has been investigated in North Atlantic turbidites in order to validate their utility as proxies of paleo-organic carbon fluxes as discussed by the authors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that colloidal material plays a fundamental role in determining the behavior of both conservative and non-conservative trace metals during estuarine mixing, and that colloids may control to a large extent the fate of trace metals as well as their net input from the rivers to the Kara Sea.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The mid-Jurassic Marifil and Chon-Aike volcanic rocks of eastern Patagonia are part of one of the largest silicic igneous provinces known as mentioned in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, mafic dykes and sheets, recently dated at 780 Ma, in three widely separated areas of western North America (the Canadian Shield, the Mackenzie Mountains in the northern Cordillera, and the Wyoming Province) may represent subswarms of a giant radiating dyke swarm.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a composite Os isotope seawater evolution curve over the past 80 m.y.y was constructed based on new187Os/186Os data and Re and Os concentrations in metalliferous sediments from the Pacific.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The role of mantle plumes in the genesis of continental flood basalts remains controversial, primarily due to our limited knowledge of the composition of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) as mentioned in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors obtained tomographic images of the crustal and mantle velocity structures under Taiwan by simultaneous inversion of local earthquake Pwave arrival times for hypocenters and P-wave velocity structures.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, negative thermal ionization mass spectrometry was used to measure 187Os/186Os, Re and Os concentrations in 14 lavas from different oceanic islands, and the counting precision was 0.1-0.6%.