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Showing papers in "Earth and Planetary Science Letters in 2007"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a large-scale orogenic lode gold (Au) mineralization occurred contemporaneously with an abrupt change of ~ 80° in the drifting direction of the subducting Pacific plate, concurrent with the formation of the Ontong Java Plateau.

647 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Clumped isotope geochemistry is concerned with the state of ordering of rare isotopes in natural materials as mentioned in this paper, and is used to reconstruct marine temperatures across the Phanerozoic (reaching back to the Silurian), terrestrial ground temperatures across Cenozoic, thermal histories of aqueously altered meteorites.

610 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Paleoenvironmental observations have been used to support the hypothesis that an end-Permian trigger, most likely Siberian Trap volcanism, touched off a set of physically-linked perturbations that acted synergistically to disrupt the metabolisms of latest Permian organisms as discussed by the authors.

592 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, carbon-isotope profiles from Toarcian fossil wood collected in England and Denmark have been shown to exhibit this large drop ( ∼− 7 ǫ )i nδ 13 C values, interpreted as due to an injection of isotopically light CO2 into the ocean-atmosphere system.

471 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed paleomagnetic study of the well exposed 4570m Huaitoutala section along the Keluke anticline in the northeastern Qaidam Basin, where three distinct faunas were recovered and identified from the middle Miocene through Pliocene, was performed.

436 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new type of geological structures, termed breccia pipes, rooted in the aureoles within the shale of the Western Karoo Basin, were found to be formed due to gas pressure build-up during metamorphism of the shales.

413 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a peralkaline S-type Lesser Himalayan granite from the Kathmandu region, Nepal has been found to have a maximum age of 500 million years based on the youngest detrital grains.

405 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a series of high-temperature, high-pressure experiments at conditions relevant for volcanic conduits were undertaken to investigate the rheology of magma with crystal fractions varying between 0.5 and 0.8 at different strain-rate conditions.

375 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Gray E. Bebout1
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed study of high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure metamorphic suites incorporating knowledge of mineral chemistry and reactions, kinetics and disequilibrium, prograde and exhumation-related P-T paths, fluid flow and fluid-rock interactions, and experimental evidence for the physical and chemical properties of fluids at the pressures and temperatures experienced by subducting slabs.

365 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the possibility that the silicate Earth and impactor were compositionally distinct with respect to oxygen isotopes, and that the terrestrial magma ocean and lunar-forming material underwent turbulent mixing and equilibration in the energetic aftermath of the giant impact.

364 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating on rare felsic ignimbrite in the uppermost of the Emeishan lava succession, the Xuanwei Formation which immediately overlies the EMEishan basalts and a clay tuff at the Middle-Late Permian boundary at Chaotian.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, new isotope data obtained from relatively conformable, carbonate-rich strata of the Ediacaran Yangtze platform in South China reveal substantial δ 13 C variability.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, structural and geochemical data from the Lherz massif, the type-locality of lherzolite, were used to show that most of these massifs were formed through a refertilization process involving interaction of refractory, lithospheric mantle with upwelling asthenospheric partial melts.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Wiechert et al. as discussed by the authors performed high-precision Mg isotopic analyses by MC-ICP-MS on a set of well-characterized samples from Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii, USA.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, high-precision Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf and Lu measurements for a variety of ocean island basalts determined by isotope dilution MC-ICPMS together with Hf isotope compositions are presented to constrain OIB source characteristics and HFSE fractionation during mantle melting and crystal fractionation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the relationship between mean local relief and the occurrence of terrestrial landslides on Earth and find that nearly two-thirds of these giant landslides have occurred in the steepest 5% of the Earth's land surface, where relief is close to its upper strength limit.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The time at which the Tibetan Plateau rose to its present high elevation remains controversial, with estimates ranging from 40 Ma to more recent than 7 Ma New stable isotope analyses of modern and accurately dated ancient paleosol carbonate in the Nima basin of central Tibet point to an arid climate and high paleoelevation (45-5 km, comparable to today's setting) by 26 Ma Oxygen isotope values of ancient (26 Ma) soil carbonate are both very negative and indistinguishable, after modest corrections for changes in global climate.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a simple carbon cycle box model is proposed to investigate potential causes underlying the series of Early Triassic carbon isotope excursions and to assess possible relationships between carbon excursion and coeval patterns of carbonate deposition.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The solubility of rutile-saturated hydrous siliceous melts has been investigated at P=1 GPa and T=650-1000 °C for several representative felsic compositions as discussed by the authors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present high-resolution (1-9 kyr) astronomically-tuned climate proxy records in two complete sedimentary successions from the northwestern and southeastern Pacific (ODP Sites 1146 and 1237), which shed new light on the middle Miocene carbon-isotope excursion and associated climatic transition over the interval 17.1-12.7 Ma.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new geochronological study was conducted using the 40K-40Ar Cassignol-Gillot technique for the Deccan Traps of the Krishna-Godavari Basin of southeastern India.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of abiotic processes in fractionating 235 U from 238 U was investigated and the observed variability in 235 U/ 238 U indicates that uranium isotopes may offer the potential to monitor new reaction pathways, such as those activated during the redox transition between the U(IV) and U(VI) oxidation states.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate the combined systematics of volatiles (H2O, S, Cl, F) and incompatible trace elements in their parental magmas and mantle sources to constrain thermal conditions of mantle melting, and estimate the composition of slab-derived components.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the Mesozoic continental arcs in the North American Cordillera were examined to establish a baseline model for Phanerozoic continent formation, which allowed the petrogenesis and tectonics of Phanerzoic crust formation to be linked in space and time.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that mobile-lid mantle convection in a three-dimensional spherical shell with observationally constrained mantle viscosity structure, and realistic convective vigor and internal heating rate is characterized by either a spherical harmonic degree-1 planform with a major upwelling in one hemisphere and a major downwelling on the other hemisphere when continents are absent, or a degree-2 plan form with two antipodal major upswellings when a supercontinent is present, causing the cyclic processes of assembly and breakup of supercontinents

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Miocene rotation of Sardinia (Western Mediterranean) remains poorly constrained despite a wealth of paleomagnetic data, primarily due to poor chronostratigraphic control as mentioned in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a newly born mud volcano appearing close to an active magmatic complex in a backarc sedimentary basin in Indonesia was reported, where the location of the mud volcano close to magmatic volcanoes results in a high background temperature gradient that triggers mineralogical transformations and geochemical reactions at shallow depth.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a new model for plate-driven episodic tectonics in the Precambrian was proposed, where higher mantle temperatures result in lower lithospheric stresses, causing rapid pulses of subduction interspersed with periods of relative quiescence.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the slope of depletion trends (δ56Fe versus Mg#) of the peridotites to model Fe isotope fractionation during partial melting, resulting in αmantle-melt ≤ 1.0001-1.3.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Based on analyses of single, thermally annealed and chemically abraded zircons, a new high-precision U-Pb age of 251.22± 0.20 Ma is established for a volcanic ash layer within the “Kashmirites densistriatus beds” of early Smithian age (Early Triassic) from the Luolou Formation (northwestern Guangxi, South China) as discussed by the authors.