Showing papers in "Earth-Science Reviews in 2015"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review of coal fly ash at the global level, focusing on its current and potential applications, including use in the soil amelioration, construction industry, ceramic industry, catalysis, depth separation, zeolite synthesis, etc.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a new synthesis of current understanding of the processes behind the formation of sapropels, which have over the past decade also become a matter of commercial interest in sub-salt hydrocarbon exploration.

TL;DR: In this paper, the accumulation rates of three commonly used proxies for productivity from a set of primarily Quaternary sediment cores at 94 marine sites, compiled from 37 published sources, were evaluated for total organic carbon, organic phosphorus, and biogenic barium (Babio).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a synthesis of past observational research on the effects of drought on the water quality of freshwater systems (rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs), mostly in North America, Europe, and Australia.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a treatment for the full range of diagenetic environments, including oxic, manganiferous, ferruginous, and methanic.

TL;DR: This review identifies key research questions relevant to the Earth-surface processes community within the theme of mass and energy transfer across landscapes and offers guidance on how to identify the most appropriate topographic data type for the analysis of interest.

TL;DR: The thin-skin Sevier and Laramide belts of the North American Cordillera provide a long-term record of the interrelations between evolving styles of mountain building and plate dynamics over a complete tectonic cycle, from onset of rapid subduction, to protracted growth of a composite orogenic system, to final collapse.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors evaluated the evolution of the EASM during the Holocene and compared it with all of the published stalagmite δ 18 O records from the Asian monsoon region in order to explore the potential mechanism(s) controlling the Chinese stalagmites.

TL;DR: In this article, a new Danube Basin wide loess stratigraphy based on a synthetic type section of the Mosorin and Stari Slankamen sites in Serbia is presented.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a compilation of δ 18 O measurements for 58,532 low-Mg calcite marine shells that cover almost the entire Phanerozoic eon, argue that the secular decline of about − 6 ǫ is primary, and propose that it reflects the changing oxygen isotopic composition of sea water.

TL;DR: Sulphur isotope analysis of archaeological materials provides information on past ecosystems, palaeo-diets, migration and mobility as discussed by the authors, and demonstrates its possible applications for future research.

TL;DR: In this paper, a meta-analysis of published soil-root interactions was conducted to explore the overall trends in erosion reduction as a function of root (length) density, root architecture and soil texture, based on an integrated analysis of published data.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the role of deformation and their role in the growth of the Tibetan-Himalayan orogen and found that more than 1630 km of shortening occurred across the entire orogen since ~55-Ma, with more than 1400 km accommodated by large-scale thrust belts.

TL;DR: A comprehensive review and synthesis of ice streams in the Laurentide ice sheet (LIS) based on a new mapping inventory that includes previously hypothesised ice streams and includes a concerted effort to search for others from across the entire ice sheet bed is presented in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess secular and regional patterns of productivity variation during the end-Permian mass extinction through an analysis of the burial fluxes of three elemental proxies: total organic carbon (TOC), phosphorus (P), and biogenic barium (Babio), showing that primary productivity rates appear to have increased from the pre-crisis Late Permian through the Early Triassic in many parts of the world.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed that this zone serves as a unique geomorphological unit playing an important role of influencing the life of the Three Gorges Reservoir and named it as the TGR disturbance zone because it has been intensively interrupted by various human activities.

TL;DR: In this article, a large dataset of modern and ancient delta-scale, shelf-prism- and continental-margin-scale clinoforms is analyzed to characterise diagnostic features of different clinoform systems.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined several crucial environmental changes and ecological responses that have resulted from the construction and operation of the existing dams of the Lancang cascade, which has led to a decline in the flood season water discharge and annual sediment flux within China's borders, reservoir aggradations, and water quality degradation in the reservoirs.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present key geologic evidence to reassess first-order features of geomorphology and tectonics across the Central Andes, where the orogen includes the Altiplano Plateau and attains its maximum integrated height and width.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of deformation pattern templates from fold-and-thrust data in foreland fold and thrust-belts is provided, showing that the most frequent treelines of sub-seismic syn-orogenic deformation structures are hosted in km-scale thrust-related folds frequently and indicate a syn-thresholding strike-slip stress.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors review existing literature on the diagenetic fluxes of rare earth elements (REEs) in marine sediments and porewaters in order to systematize existing knowledge on this subject.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive overview of the evolution of the Late Miocene gateways and the nature of Mediterranean-Atlantic exchange as deduced from published studies focussed both on the sediments preserved within the fossil corridors and inferences that can be derived from data in the adjacent basins.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors comprehensively compile and review N content in geologic materials to calculate a new N budget for Earth and suggest that the majority of the planetary budget of N is in the solid Earth.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed all fossil and sedimentary records from the Permian-Triassic (P-Tr) transition, based on previously published data and newly obtained data from Meishan, and assesses ecologically the PTME and its aftermath to determine the biotic response to climatic and environmental extremes associated with the biocrisis.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive analysis of the basement terranes in the EB, a late Neoarchean (~ 2.5-2.6 ǫ) intra-oceanic arc system with relict MORB-like basaltic rocks bordering the northwestern margin of the continental nucleus is presented.

TL;DR: The storm surge event that affected the coastal margins of the southern North Sea on 5 - 6 December 2013 produced the highest still water levels on record at several tide gauges on the UK east coast as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used ground-based global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and space-borne GNSS Radio Occultation to investigate the seismo-ionospheric disturbances and may provide insights on the earthquake.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors have discussed the progress of different biological pathways for sustainable construction and highlighted the effect of biological intervention on the properties of structural materials in modern day infrastructures at a scale that would sustain increasing population.

TL;DR: Legacy effects on river sediments are those which alter the location and volume of sediments and/or presence of contaminants within the sediments as a result of human activities as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a new model that is multiple intra-oceanic subduction with seamount accretion for the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), which can better explain the tectonic evolution of the CAOB.