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Showing papers in "Earth-Science Reviews in 2016"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of landslide-climate studies can be found in this paper, where the authors examine advantages and limits of the approaches adopted to evaluate the effects of climate variations on landslides, including prospective modelling and retrospective methods that use landslide and climate records.

710 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed and analyzed a global soil visible-near infrared (vis-NIR) spectral library, which is currently the largest and most diverse database of its kind, and showed that the information encoded in the spectra can describe soil composition and be associated to land cover and its global geographic distribution, which acts as a surrogate for global climate variability.

535 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The timing of the initial collision between India and Asia has been controversial for half a century as mentioned in this paper, and various methods have been proposed to constrain the age of the collision. But none of these methods can provide a robust direct estimate of collision onset.

498 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the global, continental and national extent of dryland areas was quantified by using a high-resolution climate database presently available at global level, based on relevant scientific literature, this approach attempts to briefly highlight the main environmental issues (natural and anthropogenic) of major continental and regional dryland regions.

377 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate environmental signal propagation across sediment-routing systems with emphasis on sediment supply, Qs, as the carrier of up-system forcings, and provide a set of conceptual and practical tools for evaluating sediment supply within a source-to-sink context, which can inform interpretations of signals from the sedimentary record.

370 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The role of soil erosion in terrestrial carbon sequestration and release remains one of the most important uncertainties in our attempts to determine the potential of soils to mediate climate change as discussed by the authors.

343 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review aims to provide a practical and accessible introduction to both the experimental and numerical state-of-the-art, intended for students and researchers with backgrounds in experimental geo-sciences or computational sciences alike.

336 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors synthesize existing clay mineralogical and geochemical data from similar to 1500 samples from the seafloor and surrounding rivers, deepwater mooring observation results, and high resolution glacial-cyclic clay mineralogy records from six high-quality sediment cores.

329 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized the available data and theories on forms and formation processes of pedogenic carbonates and relate them to environmental factors, and suggested the most important future research directions on PC, including the anthropogenic effects of fertilization and soil management.

320 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the achievements regarding the impacts of climate change such as changed rainfall, vegetation cover, and land management on water erosion and pointed out the critical research needs to better understand and predict the responses of soil erosion to a changing climate in the future.

293 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify U-OM bond values that are in agreement, relatively strong, independent from ionic strength and which may facilitate either U mobilisation or immobilisation, depending on environmental conditions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fault relay structures are not only lateral communication paths for fluid flow across sealing faults, but their anomalously wide and well developed damage zones make them conduits of vertical fluid flow in petroleum, groundwater, CO2 sequestration and magma settings alike, and therefore also serve as sites of ore deposits as discussed by the authors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an actualistic tectonic division and evolution of the North China Craton based on the Wilson Cycle and comparative analysis that uses a multi-disciplinary approach to define sutures, their ages, and the nature of the rocks between them, to determine their mode of formation and means of accretion or exhumation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of 917 relative sea-level (RSL) data-points has resulted in the first quality-controlled database constraining the Holocene sea level histories of the western Mediterranean Sea (Spain, France, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Malta and Tunisia) as discussed by the authors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors classify damage zones into along-fault, around-tip and crossfault damage zones based on descriptive views of an arbitrary fault exposure as well as their tridimensional locations around a segmented fault system and propose an advanced field technique and data acquisition method to more accurately define a damage zone using the distribution of cumulative fracture frequency.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This research was supported by the NASA postdoctoral program (EES), the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program (MAK), the Agouron Institute (MCK, RB) and theNSF FESD program (grant number 1338810, subcontract to RB).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Gully erosion has become a field of growing interest among the research community but there still are numerous knowledge gaps that need to be addressed as discussed by the authors, and a systematic review on significant trends in gully erosion research included in the Web of Science database in order to evaluate the survey methodologies, evaluate the impact of key factors on the complexity of gully response and raise public awareness of this urgent environmental issue.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review aims to promote the adoption of best practice in local scale assessments of potential physical impacts of climate change on open sandy coasts by summarising the potential first order physical impacts, suggesting a standard modelling framework for local scale CC impact assessments, identifying future research needs to facilitate the effective implementation of the prescribed modelling framework, and suggesting ways to address the identified research needs.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a documented and global database on the use of mulching with vegetative residues, and evaluated the effects of different types of mulches on soil and water losses based on different measurement methods.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the interplay of these processes related to landslides triggered by positive pore water accretion and loss of soil suction and discuss how these attributes relate to landslide initiation, mode, location, and timing.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review and synthetize the current knowledge on how microfractures and micropores in shales can be imaged and characterized and how they control their anisotropic mechanical properties and permeability.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used literature synthesis and quantitative analysis to identify the major benefits and issues of terracing and found that terracing can improve ecosystem services (ESs) in tropical and subtropical rainforests, deserts, and arid and semiarid mountains across the globe.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the nature, occurrence and environmental relevance of the authigenic ferrous iron phosphate mineral vivianite (Fe 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·8H 2 O) in waterlogged soils and aquatic sediments is presented in this article.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a robust rip current type classification that provides a relevant framework to understand the primary morphological and hydrodynamic parameters controlling surf-zone rip current occurrence and dynamics.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the characteristics of MIS 5e field observations, and set the basis for a standardized approach to MIS 5 e paleo sea-level reconstructions, that is already successfully applied in Holocene sea level research.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a global plate motion model is presented to capture the time-dependent evolution of plates and their tectonic boundaries since 160 Ma, which are assimilated as surface boundary conditions for numerical experiments of mantle convection.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Sediment source fingerprinting utilizes the diagnostic physical, chemical and biological properties (i.e., tracers) of source materials to enable samples of collected sediment to be apportioned to these sources as mentioned in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A series of rigorously vetted calibration fossils for arthropod evolutionary history, taking into account recently published guidelines for best practice in fossil calibration are presented, resulting in 80 fossil calibrations for 102 clades.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive review on the physics of dust particle mobilization and deposition is provided, using high-resolution bulk loess and quartz grain size datasets from a last glacial/interglacial sequence, showing that changes in these distributions over time allow multiple interpretations for the driving processes.