Showing papers in "Earthquake Spectra in 2019"
TL;DR: Critical topics related to the selection of ground motion records, modeling of complex real structures through simplified approaches, propagation of aleatory and epistemic uncertainties, and validation of vulnerability results were discussed, and suggestions were proposed to improve the reliability and accuracy in vulnerability modeling.
Abstract: The lack of empirical data regarding earthquake damage or losses has propelled the development of dozens of analytical methodologies for the derivation of fragility and vulnerability functions. Eac...
105 citations
TL;DR: Common responses to induced seismicity are based on control of the anthropogenic activity causing the earthquakes, such as fluid injection or withdrawal, in order to limit either the magnitudes of...
Abstract: Common responses to induced seismicity are based on control of the anthropogenic activity causing the earthquakes, such as fluid injection or withdrawal, in order to limit either the magnitudes of ...
51 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a multidimensional site response analysis method to bridge the 1D to multiddimensional site response analyses, which is the dominant method to incorporate site effects in engineering applications.
Abstract: The one-dimensional (1-D) approach is still the dominant method to incorporate site effects in engineering applications. To bridge the 1-D to multidimensional site response analysis, we develop qua...
45 citations
TL;DR: Probabilistic assessments of the potential impact of earthquakes on infrastructure entail the consideration of smaller magnitude events than those generally considered in deterministic hazard and risk assessment as mentioned in this paper, which is not the case here.
Abstract: Probabilistic assessments of the potential impact of earthquakes on infrastructure entails the consideration of smaller magnitude events than those generally considered in deterministic hazard and ...
44 citations
TL;DR: Amplitude scaling is a common approach to modify recorded ground motions to achieve a desired intensity level as discussed by the authors, and the possible bias introduced by scaling the amplitude of ground motions when using the...
Abstract: Amplitude scaling is a common approach to modify recorded ground motions to achieve a desired intensity level. The possible bias introduced by scaling the amplitude of ground motions when using the...
40 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors updated the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA)-West1 ground motion models for the horizontal components of Arias intensity (AI) and cumulative absolute velocity (CAV) using the functional...
Abstract: We updated our Next Generation Attenuation (NGA)-West1 ground motion models (GMMs) for the horizontal components of Arias intensity (AI) and cumulative absolute velocity (CAV) using the functional ...
37 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, extended pile-shaft-supported bridges in laterally spreading ground can undergo inelastic deformations, especially in their embedded portions, following earthquakes, and it is criti...
Abstract: During earthquakes, extended pile-shaft–supported bridges in laterally spreading ground can undergo inelastic deformations, especially in their embedded portions. Following earthquakes, it is criti...
34 citations
TL;DR: Precast wall-slab-wall buildings can be found in many different earthquake-prone areas of the world as mentioned in this paper, and they have no beams or columns but rather precast walls and slabs.
Abstract: Precast wall-slab-wall buildings can be found in many different earthquake-prone areas of the world. This type of building structure features no beams or columns but rather precast walls and slabs ...
34 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, site amplification models for Central and Eastern North America were developed from simulation results presented in a companion paper, and linear and nonlinear amplification functions were developed for both linear and nonsmooth amplification functions.
Abstract: Site amplification models for Central and Eastern North America are developed from simulation results presented in a companion paper. Linear and nonlinear amplification functions are developed for ...
34 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the selection of ground motions for seismic response analysis in the near-fault region, where directivity effects are significant, and present an approach to consider forward and backward ground motions.
Abstract: This paper focuses on the selection of ground motions for seismic response analysis in the near-fault region, where directivity effects are significant. An approach is presented to consider forward...
34 citations
TL;DR: A statistical framework to simulate large variability in the probability of loss ratio conditional on ground-shaking intensities is explored, considering the existing correlation between assets separated by a given distance.
Abstract: The majority of the existing seismic risk studies use a deterministic approach to define vulnerability functions, despite the well-recognized large variability in the probability of loss ratio cond...
TL;DR: A moment magnitude 5.4 earthquake was reported in Pohang city located in the southeastern Korean Peninsula on 15 November 2017, possibly triggered by an enhanced geothermal system as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A moment magnitude 5.4 earthquake struck the Pohang city located in the southeastern Korean Peninsula on 15 November 2017, possibly triggered by an enhanced geothermal system. Despite the moderate ...
TL;DR: This paper proposes the development of an array-based approach using mini-arrays of low-cost Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) accelerometers and shows how they can be used to improve EEWS.
Abstract: Earthquake Early Warning Systems (EEWS) are often challenged when the earthquakes occur outside the seismic network or where the station density is sparse. In these situations, poor locations and l...
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of epistemic uncertainties in shear wave velocity (VS) on seismic ground response analyses (GRAs) is evaluated, and a number of alternative VS profiles obtained from both independent and independent sources.
Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the influence of epistemic uncertainties in shear wave velocity (VS) on seismic ground response analyses (GRAs). A number of alternative VS profiles obtained from both i...
TL;DR: In this article, the floor spectra of many instrumented buildings are evaluated to identify and quantify influential parameters on the horizontal seismic responses of acceleration-sensitive nonstructural components (NS components).
Abstract: Floor spectra of many instrumented buildings are evaluated to identify and quantify influential parameters on the horizontal seismic responses of acceleration-sensitive nonstructural components (NS...
TL;DR: In this article, a time-averaged 30m-depth shear wave velocity (VS30) map is developed for New Zealand as a weighted combination of a geology-based and a terrain-based model.
Abstract: A time-averaged 30-m-depth shear wave velocity (VS30) map is developed for New Zealand as a weighted combination of a geology-based and a terrain-based model. A Bayesian updating process allows loc...
TL;DR: In this article, the median ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) from one region to another region are adjusted for seismic hazard analysis in the current practice of seismic hazard modeling.
Abstract: Adjustment of median ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) from one region to another region is one of the major challenges within the current practice of seismic hazard analysis In our appro
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of earthquake ground motion duration on the design and collapse risk of reinforced concrete shear wall buildings from 6 to 30 stories and found that both design and failure risk of these buildings varied with the ground motion length.
Abstract: This paper investigates the effect of earthquake ground motion duration on the design and collapse risk of reinforced concrete shear wall buildings from 6 to 30 stories. Both design and collapse le...
TL;DR: A ground motion model tuned to the characteristics of the observed, and potentially induced, seismicity in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas is developed using a database of 4,528 ground motions.
Abstract: A ground motion model (GMM) tuned to the characteristics of the observed, and potentially induced, seismicity in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas is developed using a database of 4,528 ground motions re...
TL;DR: In this article, failure of the metal flange was observed in transformer bushings in previous earthquakes in order to evaluate the influence of the flange on the seismic responses of 1,100-kV ultra high voltage ultra-high voltage (UHF) transformers.
Abstract: Failures of the metal flange were observed in transformer bushings in previous earthquakes. In order to evaluate the influence of the flange on the seismic responses of 1,100-kV ultra-high voltage ...
TL;DR: In this paper, empirical linear site amplification models conditioned on time-averaged shear wave velocity in the upper 30 m (VS30) for central and eastern North America were presented.
Abstract: We present empirical linear site amplification models conditioned on time-averaged shear wave velocity in the upper 30 m (VS30) for central and eastern North America. The models are derived from gr...
TL;DR: Story loss functions are employed to directly relate monetary losses to engineering demand parameters given the story area, and offer a favorable compromise of simplicity and accuracy that lies between the component-by-component and building-level approaches that are currently prevalent in building-specific and regional loss assessment, respectively.
Abstract: The quantification of seismic performance, using metrics meaningful to both engineers and stakeholders, has been a focal point of research in performance-based earthquake engineering The prevalent
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the development of large-scale simulation-based data sets used to inform new site amplification models for Central and Eastern North America (CENA) for linear elastic, equivalent l...
Abstract: This paper presents the development of large-scale simulation-based data sets used to inform new site amplification models for Central and Eastern North America (CENA). Linear elastic, equivalent l...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the behavior of reinforced concrete shear wall buildings subjected to strong earthquake ground motions, with a focus on collapse performance, and the effect of varying the number of...
Abstract: This paper examines the behavior of reinforced concrete shear wall buildings subjected to strong earthquake ground motions, with a focus on collapse performance. The effect of varying the number of...
TL;DR: In this article, ground motions have been simulated for a magnitude 9 (M9) Cascadia Subduction Zone earthquake, which will affect the Puget Lowland region, including cities underlain by the Seattle, Everett, and Ta...
Abstract: Ground motions have been simulated for a magnitude 9 (M9) Cascadia Subduction Zone earthquake, which will affect the Puget Lowland region, including cities underlain by the Seattle, Everett, and Ta...
TL;DR: In this article, a variety of intensity measures (IMs) were evaluated for predicting the liquefaction-induced residual settlement and tilt of shallow-founded structures, using data from both numerical and geometric features.
Abstract: This study evaluates a variety of intensity measures (IMs) for predicting the liquefaction-induced residual settlement and tilt of shallow-founded structures. We use data from both numerical and ph...
TL;DR: In this paper, gypsum partition walls are shown to be susceptible to earthquake damage under small story drift ratios, which can result in large loss ratios and large loss in gypsuma partitions.
Abstract: Observed earthquake damage, laboratory tests, and loss analyses have shown gypsum partition walls to be susceptible to earthquake damage under small story drift ratios, which can result in large lo...
TL;DR: In this paper, the kinematic response of fixed-head vertical floating piles embedded in continuously nonhomogeneous soils and subjected to upward propagating seismic waves is examined, and the problem is explored.
Abstract: We examine the kinematic response of fixed-head vertical floating piles embedded in continuously nonhomogeneous soils and subjected to upward propagating seismic waves. The problem is explored nume...
TL;DR: In this paper, three story-three bay reinforced concrete (RC) frames with and without chevron braces were tested using the continuous pseudodynamic test method, and new steel-concrete composite lateral load-carrying...
Abstract: Three story–three bay reinforced concrete (RC) frames with and without chevron braces were tested using the continuous pseudodynamic test method. New steel–concrete composite lateral load–carrying ...
TL;DR: A step-by-step procedure for estimating the Conditional Scenario Spectra (CSS), a set of realistic ground-motion spectra with assigned rates of occurrence that reproduce the hazard at a site over various hazard levels and over a period range, is presented.
Abstract: Objective assessment of the seismic response of engineering systems is achievable through estimating the rate of exceedance (risk) of the engineering-demand parameters (EDPs), which are usually obt...