scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers in "EMPIRIA: Revista de Metodología de Ciencias Sociales in 2013"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Barrios Vulnerables as mentioned in this paper are areas that have lost or are at risk of losing their place in the city, and these areas call these areas Vulnerable Neighborhoods and present a method for its determination.
Abstract: La realidad de nuestras ciudades muestra un mosaico de areas diversas articuladas por las redes de transporte y clasificadas segun niveles de renta. Los patrones basicos del mapa son fijos: existen areas que se constituyeron desde sus inicios para acoger a una poblacion u otra, mientras que otras zonas fueron abandonadas por sus poblaciones iniciales (como los centros historicos) y ocupan en estos momentos un lugar inferior en el rango urbano. La suma de las demandas sociales y politicas de redistribucion hicieron que el planeamiento urbano (en la mejor de sus identidades) se conformase como una herramienta para el desarrollo de un proyecto en pro del “derecho a la ciudad”, restanando rupturas espaciales y resolviendo las carencias de dotaciones y accesos necesarios para que la totalidad de los espacios fuese parte integral de la ciudad, de forma que sus habitantes pudiesen ejercer la condicion de ciudadania. Pero la propia biografia de la ciudad desarrolla en paralelo una reordenacion continua de sus espacios, de forma que el proyecto igualitario que garantiza la condicion de ciudadania es interceptado por el proyecto inmobiliario, que busca mediante la segmentacion espacial y la reubicacion de sus habitantes en funcion de sus rentas, el maximo beneficio. Si apostamos por un urbanismo que busque asegurar el “derecho a la ciudad”, este debe basarse en un proyecto de constante reconstruccion de los equilibrios entre las areas que el mercado tiende a dividir y segmentar. Es necesario por tanto disponer del mapa de las areas que han perdido o estan en riesgo de perder su puesto en la ciudad, a estas areas las denominamos aqui Barrios Vulnerables y presentamos un metodo para su determinacion. The reality of our cities shows a mosaic of different articulated by transport networks and classified according income levels. The fixed basic patterns that characterize the urban map are areas that were established from the outset to accommodate a population or another and other areas that were abandoned by their initial populations (as historical centers) and at this moment occupy a lower rank in urban segmentation. The amount of social demands and redistribution policies made conform to urban planning (in the best of their identities) as a tool for the development of a project in favor of the "right to the city", avoiding spatial ruptures, and solving the shortcomings necessary equipments and accesses, so that all the spaces were integrated in the city, so that its inhabitants could exercise citizenship status. But the biography of the city itself, developed in parallel, a continuous rearrangement of spaces, so the project that guarantees equal citizenship status is intercepted by the building project that seeks through spatial segmentation and the relocation of its inhabitants according to their maximum benefit income. If we focus on urban planning to seek and to ensure the "right to the city", it must be based on an ongoing project for rebuilding the balance between areas that the market tends to divide and segment. It is therefore necessary to have the map of those areas that have lost or are at risk of losing their place in the city, we call these areas Vulnerable Neighborhoods and we present a method for its determination.

54 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Wendel et al. as discussed by the authors analyzed six types of relationships among 32 cultural organizations in the performing arts sector in andalusia and identified four subsets each cluster is composed by organizations that have displayed different relational strategies and have different characteristics the results were presented to representatives of organizations in a focus group.
Abstract: El analisis de redes sociales se ha utilizado de manera efectiva en la evaluacion de programas (eisenberg & swanson, 1996; Fujimoto, valente & Pentz, 2009), la gestion de informacion y la difusion de innovaciones (valente, 1995; Kraatz, 1998; ahuja, 2000), el estudio de la evolucion de las coaliciones comunitarias (Feinberg, Riggs & greenberg, 2005; Wendel et al, 2010) y las iniciativas para promover la capacidad de las organizaciones (nowel & Foster-Fishman, 2010) En este estudio se analizan 6 tipos de relaciones entre 32 organizaciones culturales del sector de las artes escenicas en andalucia las agrupaciones de las artes escenicas en andalucia conforman una estructura centro-periferia el espacio central se articula en torno a una triada formada por tres entidades jovenes que destacan, respectivamente, por (a) gestionar recursos de formacion en artes escenicas, (b) coordinar la asociacion de los profesionales del sector y (c) tener un perfil activo en la produccion de espectaculos en los ultimos anos A traves del analisis de cluster han sido identificados cuatro conglomerados integrados por organizaciones que han desplegado diferentes estrategias relacionales y cuentan con caracteristicas diferenciales los resultados se devolvieron a representantes del sector en un grupo de discusion se presentan las reacciones de los participantes Social network analysis has been used effectively in program evaluation (eisenberg & swanson, 1996; Fujimoto, valente & Pentz, 2009), information management and innovations diffusion (valente, 1995; Kraatz, 1998; ahuja, 2000), the study of the evolution of community coalitions (Feinberg, Riggs & greenberg, 2005; Wendel et al, 2010) and as a tool tool to build organizational capacity (nowel & Foster-Fishman, 2010) In this study, we analyzed six types of relationships among 32 cultural organizations in the performing arts sector in andalusia this set of organizations of the Performing arts in andalusia form a core-periphery structure The central space is articulated around a triad of three entities characterized, respectively, by (a) managing resources for training, (b) coordinating the professional association and (c) deploying an active role in the production of shows in recent years Through cluster analysis we identified four subsets each cluster is composed by organizations that have displayed different relational strategies and have different characteristics the results were presented to representatives of organizations in a focus group Finally we present the participants’ reactions

11 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze the socio-political genesis of contemporary planning discourses, techniques and practices, describing their effects and impact on the everyday lives of planned populations, and how planning has been mobilized throughout history by particular hegemonic/governmental projects in order to spatially regulate the processes of social reproduction, in a context shaped by struggles of territorility.
Abstract: La historia social de la planificacion espacial es un elemento clave en el proyecto de replanteamiento critico de las politicas urbanas y territoriales. Un urbanismo comprometido con la recuperacion de lo comun bajo coordenadas radicalmente democraticas requiere una lectura del pasado capaz de desvelar como llegaron a producirse las estructuras socioespaciales contemporaneas y el papel que la planificacion jugo en dicho proceso. La historia social de la planificacion permite comprender la genesis sociopolitica de los discursos, tecnicas y practicas urbanisticas que empleamos en la actualidad y cual ha sido su efecto sobre la vida cotidiana de los planificados. Este articulo analiza varios momentos conceptuales y metodologicos de ese proyecto historiografico. Se exploran en primer lugar el concepto gramsciano de ‘hegemonia’ y el foucaultiano de ‘gubernamentalidad’ como herramientas que permiten comprender la articulacion entre politica y vida cotidiana en el marco de una historia social general. Esta matriz de trabajo se traslada a la dimension espacial a traves de los conceptos de ‘territorio’ y ‘territorialidad’. Por ultimo se estudia el modo en que la planificacion ha sido movilizada historicamente como tecnica de regulacion espacial de los procesos de reproduccion social por determinados proyectos hegemonicos/gubernamentales en un contexto de lucha de territorialidades. The social history of spatial planning is a key element in the critical reevaluation of urban and territorial policies. In order to engage planning in the recovery of the commons and the formation of more democratic environments we need to understand its role in the historical production of our present sociospatial structures. This historiographical approach provides an alternative account of the sociopolitical genesis of contemporary planning discourses, techniques and practices, describing their effects and impact on the everyday lives of planned populations. This article analyzes several conceptual and methodological moments of this research project. Firstly I suggest that we use Gramsci’s conceptualization of ‘hegemony‘ and Foucault’s ‘governmentality’ in order to understand the articulation between politics and everyday life in the context of a general social history. This theoretical framework is then translated into spatial terms through the concepts of ‘territory’ and ‘territoriality’. Finally, I study how planning has been mobilized throughout history by particular hegemonic/governmental projects in order to spatially regulate the processes of social reproduction, in a context shaped by struggles of territorility.

8 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a longitudinal study of the change in personal networks of immigrants, performed between 2004-2008 in four groups of immigrants with relatively recent residence in Catalonia, spain (in total n = 70).
Abstract: Estudios anteriores han mostrado que la red personal puede ser una fuente de apoyo social para inmigrantes, pero no es una entidad estatica. en este articulo describimos un estudio longitudinal sobre el cambio en las redes personales de inmigrantes, realizado entre 2004-2008 en cuatro colectivos de inmigrantes relativamente recientes en Cataluna (en total n = 70). las redes se han medido en dos oleadas, ambas post-migratorias, con un intervalo de tiempo de 1-3,3 anos. Comparando las redes en los dos momentos, analizamos el grado de renovacion en las redes, las tendencias generales del cambio en terminos de su composicion e investigamos las diferencias en estas tendencias en base de genero, grupo etnico y anos de residencia. los resultados indican que las redes son poco estables en general, pero que a pesar de ello, la composicion media de las redes no cambia apenas, salvo por lo que se refiere a un ligero aumento del numero de compatriotas residentes en espana y un descenso del numero de personas residiendo en el pais de origen. en general, no observamos un aumento significante del numero de espanoles en las redes personales de los inmigrantes. Past studies indicated that the personal networks can be a source of social support for immigrants, but it is not a static entity. in this article, we describe a longitudinal study into the change in personal networks of immigrants, performed between 2004-2008 in four groups of immigrants with relatively recent residence in Catalonia, spain (in total n = 70). the networks were measured twice, both waves post-migratory, with a period of 1,0-3,3 years in between. Comparing the networks of the two waves, we analyzed the turnover in networks, the general tendencies with respect to the changes in composition of the networks, and we investigated differences in these tendencies based on gender, ethnic group and years of residence. the results indicated that networks are relatively unstable, but that nevertheless, the average composition of the networks hardly changes, apart from a small increase in the number of co-ethnics residing in the host society, and a decrease in the number of persons residing in the country of origin. in general, we did not observe a significant tendency toward the incorporation of spaniards in the networks.

8 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, two qualitative methods (the multi-method autobiographical extended approach and the reflexive-ludic workshops) based on visual and participative research techniques such as self-portrait, role playing, significant circle or timeline examples of these techniques are drawn from their application in studies aims to explore identities.
Abstract: Este articulo revisa dos estrategias de investigacion cualitativa (la multi-metodologia autobiografica extendida y los talleres ludico-reflexivos) que combinan tecnicas grupales, visuales y participativas como el dibujo identitario, el juego de roles, el circulo significativo o el cronograma se ilustran las distintas tecnicas a partir de ejemplos extraidos de estudios que tienen el objetivo de estudiar las identidades argumentamos que la aplicacion de estos metodos en el contexto de la investigacion cualitativa permite captar las interpretaciones que realizan los participantes de las distintas cuestiones con sus propias palabras, significados y asociaciones Concluimos con la necesidad de devolver a los participantes la interpretacion que se realiza del corpus empirico, puesto que son considerados co-investigadores dado su papel activo y de afeccion reciproca en el proceso del trabajo de campo en este tipo de estudios This article reviews two qualitative methods (the multi-method autobiographical extended approach and the reflexive-ludic workshops) based on visual and participative research techniques such as the self-portrait, role playing, significant circle or timeline examples of these techniques are drawn from their application in studies aims to explore identities the article argues that applying these drawing and participative methods in the context of a qualitative research can up participants’ interpretations of questions, and allow a creative way of interviewing that is respondive to participants’ own meanings and associations the article discusses the importance to inform to participants about the interpretation of empirical corpus Participants are considered coresearchers due to their active role in the process of collecting data in this kind of qualitative methods

7 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the benefits of the use of mixed methods in social network analysis are discussed, and the impact of participation in associations on personal networks and on the integration process of migrant population in Catalonia, Spain.
Abstract: Este articulo muestra los beneficios del uso de metodos mixtos en el analisis de redes sociales. Para ello, en primer lugar, se identifican los diferentes objetivos, disenos y supuestos de dicha combinacion metodologica. en segundo lugar, se ejemplifica el potencial de los disenos mixtos presentando una investigacion empirica que analiza el impacto y vinculacion entre la participacion en asociaciones y el proceso de integracion de la poblacion inmigrada en Cataluna (visto a traves de sus redes sociales). dicha vinculacion es especialmente fructifera mediante el uso de metodos mixtos; concretamente, el estudio combina el analisis de las estructuras de las redes personales con sus significados y dinamica, lo que permite explicar los diferentes procesos de asentamiento de la poblacion inmigrada y el papel que juega en ellos la participacion en asociaciones. This article shows the benefits of the use of mixed methods in social network analysis. Firstly, it reviews the use of mixed methods in this particular field, indentifying the different objectives and designs used for the combination of methods. secondly, the potential of mixed methods is exemplified through an empirical research that analyzes the impact of participation in associations on personal networks and on the integration process of migrant population in Catalonia, spain. specifically, this study combines the analysis of personal networks structures with its meanings and dynamics, which allows to explain the different migrant’s processes of settlement in the host society, and the role that participation in associations plays on them.

7 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical dimensionalization of the concept is proposed, distinguishing the expressive, social and structural aspects of the notion, using a sample of 441 personal networks and 13,230 relationships, from a survey conducted in Catalonia between 2009 and 2010.
Abstract: La fuerza del vinculo es una de las caracteristicas recurrentemente estudiadas en las redes personales. Es un dato aparentemente sencillo de generar, con una potencial capacidad predictiva sobre los intercambios dentro de la relacion y de la posicion del contacto dentro de la red. Sin embargo, la gran diversidad de indicadores que se emplean en la literatura para medir esta fuerza del vinculo da fe de la vaguedad en la definicion del concepto y las consecuentes dificultades para operativizarlo, dando lugar a resultados ambivalentes en su observacion empirica. Con este trabajo de revision teorica, metodologica y empirica se pretende ofrecer una base sobre la cual contribuir a la delimitacion del concepto. Se propone una dimensionalizacion teorica de la nocion, distinguiendo sus aspectos expresivos, sociales y estructurales, y a continuacion se compara el comportamiento de diversos indicadores de las distintas dimensiones empleando una muestra de 441 redes personales y 13.230 relaciones provenientes de una encuesta realizada en Cataluna entre 2009 y 2010. The strength of a tie is feature commonly studied in the analysis of personal networks. It is data apparently simple to create, that offers a great predictive potential on the exchanges that take place within a relationship, and of its position within the network. However, the wide diversity of indicators that can be found in the literature show evidence of the vagueness in the definition of the concept and the subsequent difficulty to operationalize it, returning mixed results in empirical observation. With this theoretical, methodological and empirical revision, the authors aim to contribute to the definition of the concept. A theoretical dimensionalization of the concept is proposed, distinguishing the expressive, social and structural aspects of the notion. A comparison of various indicators of the different dimensions is offered, using a sample of 441 personal networks and 13,230 relationships, from a survey conducted in Catalonia between 2009 and 2010.

6 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse participatory methodologies applied to the planning and management of landscape and compare this analysis with the experience developed for the participatory planning of mount San Cristobal-Ezkaba in the metropolitan area of Pamplona-Irunea (Navarre).
Abstract: Este trabajo analiza las metodologias participativas aplicadas al planeamiento y gestion del paisaje contrastando esta revision con la experiencia desarrollada para la ordenacion del monte San Cristobal-Ezkaba en el area metropolitana de Pamplona-Irunea (Navarra). Reflexionamos sobre sus posibilidades y ventajas, atendiendo de manera especial a las estrategias para recabar los sentidos y percepciones sociales del paisaje de diferentes grupos sociales e incorporarlas al proceso participativo. Nuestra investigacion explora la efectividad de diferentes disenos metodologicos y tecnicas para lograr este objetivo. Las peculiaridades de nuestro caso de estudio nos permiten profundizar en las dinamicas participativas y su potencial para animar un compromiso ciudadano con la conservacion, planificacion y gestion de los entornos cotidianos. This paper analyse participatory methodologies applied to the planning and management of landscape and compares this analysis with the experience developed for the participatory planning of mount San Cristobal-Ezkaba in the metropolitan area of Pamplona-Irunea (Navarre). We reflect on its capabilities and advantages paying special attention to the strategies for gathering the social senses and landscape perceptions in different social groups and to incorporate them into the participatory process. Our research explores the effectiveness of different methodological designs and techniques to achieve this goal. The peculiarities of our case study allows us to examine the participatory processes and its potential to encourage citizen engagement with the conservation, planning and management of everyday environments.

5 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a hypothesis that social change in Argentina can be observed objectively through the relative positions of households with respect to primary goods, and obtained four types of changes capable of accounting for intra and inter-temporal evolution of society and particularly characterize the impact of the crisis.
Abstract: La hipotesis que desarrollamos en este articulo es que los cambios sociales en Argentina pueden ser observados objetivamente a traves de las posiciones relativas de los hogares con respecto a los bienes primarios. Aplicando tecnicas estadisticas multivariadas de construccion tipologica (Analisis de Correspondencias Multiples y Analisis de Clasificacion) a los datos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares (1997 y 2002) y de la Encuesta Continua de Hogares (2003 y 2006) obtenemos cuatro tipos de cambios capaces de dar cuenta de la evolucion intra e intertemporal de la sociedad y particularmente de caracterizar el impacto de la crisis. The hypothesis developed in this paper is that social change in Argentina can be observed objectively through the relative positions of households with respect to primary goods. By applying multivariate statistical techniques of typological construction (Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Cluster Analysis) to data from the Permanent Household Survey (1997 and 2002) and Continuous Household Survey (2003 and 2006) we obtain four types of changes capable of accounting for intra and inter-temporal evolution of society and particularly characterize the impact of the crisis.

4 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a mixed-design study conducted to assess the perceptions of occupational prestige in Uriangato, a Mexican town highly specialized in producing and selling clothing through small businesses is presented.
Abstract: El articulo documenta el proceso de definicion de la jerarquia de prestigio en una muestra de ocupaciones, componente necesario de un generador de Posiciones para estimar el Capital social en un contexto local atipico, desde una perspectiva relacional. describe los resultados de un estudio de diseno mixto efectuado para conocer la percepcion de prestigio ocupacional en Uriangato, una localidad mexicana altamente especializada en la produccion y venta de ropa a traves de pequenos negocios. el estudio de caso evidencia una interpretacion diferenciada del prestigio ocupacional respecto a los estandares internacionales. las ocupaciones caracteristicas de la configuracion productiva especializada local son en general mejor evaluadas. ser propietario de un negocio de manufactura, comercio o servicios, es una ocupacion mas reconocida en comparacion con otras que, en contextos tipicos, poseen mayor prestigio y estatus socioeconomico, como las de abogado, profesor o enfermera. No obstante, la escala obtenida con base en la tecnica cualitativa de pile sort, correlaciona fuertemente con dos escalas de prestigio ocupacional internacionalmente estandarizadas, lo que posibilita construir un generador de Posiciones localmente pertinente para realizar mediciones de Capital social que mantengan su comparabilidad con otras realizadas en contextos economicos o culturales diferentes. The article documents the process of defining the prestige hierarchy for a sample of occupations, a required component of a Position generator to estimate social Capital within a local atypical context, from a relational perspective. it describes the results of a mixed-design study conducted to assessing the perceptions of occupational Prestige in Uriangato, a Mexican town highly specialized in producing and selling clothing through small businesses. Through the case study we found a differentiated interpretation of occupational prestige regarding international standards. occupations related to productive specialized local settings, are generally better evaluated. owning a business of manufacturing, trade or services, is a better recognized occupation in comparison with others that, in typical contexts, have greater prestige and socioeconomic status, such as lawyer, teacher or nurse. However, the scale achieved on the basis of the qualitative technique of pile sort, strongly correlates with two internationally standardized scales of occupational Prestige, making it possible to build a locally relevant Position generator to measure social capital, while maintaining comparability to other studies done in different economic or cultural contexts.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the concept of social capital is used as an expression of the distribution of resources of social Capital in the context of social networks, and it is expressed under two modes, socio-metric and ego-centred.
Abstract: Este articulo vincula diferentes campos teorico-conceptuales, perspectivas metodologicas y metodos habitualmente yuxtapuestos en el quehacer sociologico. Desde el punto de vista teorico se centra en las ideas de Cohesion e integracion como expresiones de la distribucion de los recursos en Capital social. Desde una perspectiva entre conceptual y metodologica se hace referencia a la teoria y analisis de las Redes sociales y a conceptos tambien intermediarios entre Redes, Cohesion, integracion y Capital social como son los de Bonding y Bridging. La referencia empirica de su aplicacion son seis colectivos, expresion de modos diferentes de pertenencia e incorporacion a la sociedad. en el terreno del analisis e interpretacion se recurre, por un lado, a la combinacion de conceptos expresados en variables clasicas atributivas y, por otro, a variables relacionales bajo dos modos, las socio-metricas y ego-centradas. en este sentido, se trata tambien de mostrar la eficacia y pertinencia de las redes socio-metricas y egocentradas y la de sus indicadores. This article links different theoretical-conceptual fields, methodological perspectives and methods usually juxtaposed in sociological work. From a theoretical point of view it focuses on the idea of cohesion and integration as expressions of the distribution of resources of social Capital. in a perspective between conceptual and methodological issues it refers to the theory and analysis of social networks and also to intermediate concepts between networks, cohesion, integration and social capital such as Bonding and Bridging. the empirical references of its application are six human collectives, which are the expression of different modes of belonging and integration into society. in terms of analysis and interpretation, on the one hand, a combination of classical socialdemographical variables is used, and, on the other hand, relational variables are used. these latter variables are expressed under two modes, socio-metric and ego-centred. in this sense the article also shows the effectiveness and relevance of the socio-metric and ego-centred networks and its indicators.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an intermediate theoretical framework for the analysis of mobile residences, where household, housing and mobility trajectories are linked in a sociologia de la residencia.
Abstract: La sociologia de la vivienda ha articulado un enfoque integrador a partir del trabajo de J. Kemeny, y su concepcion de la residencia como “un hogar en una vivienda”. Esta perspectiva ha permitido un avance teorico significativo, lanzando un debate en torno a la teoria de la vivienda hasta entonces practicamente inexistente. En terminos teoricos, el mayor punto de discusion se situa en la capacidad de integrar actores y estructuras, destacando la posicion de P. King y su filosofia de la vivienda de marcado caracter individualista. En terminos practicos, la sociologia de la residencia resulta insuficiente para explicar la situacion residencial en la sociedad en movimiento. Para tratar de superar esta dificultad, se presentan un marco teorico intermedio que situa la residencia movil como un campo que vincula trayectorias de hogar, residenciales y de movilidad. Housing sociology has articulated an integrative approach derived from J. Kemeny’s work and his conception of residence as “a household in a dwelling”. This perspective has made possible a significant theoretical advance, launching a discussion on the housing theory, which was practically inexistent until then. In theoretical terms, the main point was the capacity of the approach to integrate agents and structures, standing out the position of P. King and his philosophy of housing, dealing the topic in a very individualistic way. In practical terms, the sociology of residence does not work out well enough to explain housing structures in “mobilized” societies. In order to overcome this problem, a intermediate theoretical framework is explained. This work set the “mobile residence” as a field where household, housing and mobility trajectories are linked.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the advertising's discourse of a sample of food advertisements taken from the Spanish journals from 1960 to 2010 was analyzed, and the socio-historical analysis executed allows linkage between social changes that occurred in Spain in this period and the changes in the design of food and the health's concept transmitting through food advertising.
Abstract: In this work analyzed the advertising’s discourse of a sample of food advertisements taken from the Spanish journals from 1960 to 2010. The Socio-historical analysis executed allows linkage between social changes that occurred in Spain in this period and the changes in the design of food and the health’s concept transmitting through food advertising. We ordered these changes in four phases that show not only how food has changed, but also how it has transformed the role of industry, consumers and the proper roles in the households, like the persons responsible of the feeding in the different periods in the history of Spain.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative analysis on the use of contraceptive methods in national and international settings was carried out in the context of Andalusia (Spain), focusing on coitus interruptus.
Abstract: A partir de la revision de encuestas sobre el uso de metodos anticonceptivos, tanto en el ambito internacional como el nacional, realizamos un analisis comparativo. A continuacion, contrastamos esos datos con los obtenidos a traves de tecnicas cualitativas: entrevistas y grupos de discusion, en el ambito andaluz. Esta acotacion en el espacio se corresponde con otra realizada sobre los metodos anticonceptivos, al centrarnos en un metodo concreto, el coitus interruptus. Observamos discrepancias en la prevalencia anticonceptiva aportada por diferentes encuestas atribuibles, en parte, al efecto de las tecnicas y, en parte, a las caracteristicas del objeto que se pretende medir. La definicion de la base poblacional, la formulacion de la pregunta (remitiendo a uno u otro periodo de tiempo) y el modo de aplicacion, son los aspectos tecnicos que mas variaciones introducen. Respecto al objeto es la poca estabilidad de algunas practicas anticonceptivas lo que mas entorpece su medicion. Las diferencias entre la informacion producida con tecnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas muestran tanto la complejidad del objeto de estudio y su medicion (las numerosas precisiones a tener en cuanta al comparar e interpretar los datos) como la complementariedad de las tecnicas. Through the examination of surveys we carried out a comparative analysis on the use of contraceptive methods in national and international settings. We then contrasted these data with those obtained through qualitative techniques: interviews and discussion groups, in the context of Andalusia (Spain). This geographical restriction corresponded to another observation we conducted, focusing on one specific method: coitus interruptus. We found discrepancies in the prevalence of contraceptive methods reported in different surveys, attributable in part to the effect of the data-gathering techniques employed, and in part to the characteristics of the object which we intended to evaluate. The definition of the population, the mode of data collection, as well as the drafting of the questions, which referred to different periods of time, were the aspects which introduced most variations. As regards the object of our study, the low stability of some contraceptive practices tended to hamper their measurement. Differences encountered between the information obtained through quantitative or qualitative procedures reveal, on the one hand, the complexity of the object of our study and its appraisal (involving the numerous variables to be taken into account when comparing and interpreting data), and on the other, the complementary of the data-gathering techniques.

Journal Article
TL;DR: Park completa el gir... as discussed by the authors, i.e. the periodos mas sugerentes de la investigación sociologica, e.g., el periodos cientifica e institucionales de Robert Park.
Abstract: Resumen es: Los trabajos cientificos e institucionales de Robert Park marcan uno de los periodos mas sugerentes de la investigacion sociologica. Park completa el gir...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The problematica territorial a la luz de los procesos de cambio experimentado en los ambitos sociales y ecologicos is described in this article.
Abstract: La problematica territorial a la luz de los procesos de cambio experimentado en los ambitos sociales y ecologicos.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors reconstructs the private geography of three sisters and a brother in Peyruis, Alpes de Haute-Provence in France by reconstructing their private geography.
Abstract: The memorable places (landmarks) have a fundamental place in the symbolic marking of territory and in its connexion with official history. They express a collective identity which is shown at different political and sociological levels, from the nation down to the family- a scale of analysis hitherto neglected. To see how individuals' space-time mesh with that of society, I began to research my own family and its birthplace - Peyruis, Alpes de Haute-Provence in France. By reconstructing the private geography of three sisters and a brother in this small, 1940's Provenzal town, we move from institutional memorials to commonplace ones : everyday places more linked to daily activities than regular acts of remembrance. These small significant sites are found in a social space. They embody virtual and limited in time appropriation of a public territory by a private memory.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The sociologia urbana francesa se desarrollo conjuntamente with la politicas urbanas francesas desde the anos 1960s.
Abstract: La sociologia urbana francesa se desarrollo conjuntamente a las politicas urbanas francesas desde los anos 1960. Cuando estas politicas concebian el hecho urbano en su caracter global, la sociologia hacia lo mismo. Cuando a finales de los anos 1970 la sociologia se orienta de nuevo sobre la escala local, el urbanismo hace otro tanto. Esta doble evolucion se realiza por una amalgama de actores que va de la “segunda izquierda” a los sociologos marxistas, pasando por los movimientos sociales urbanos y por las ideas que estos transportan, como la relativamente nueva de participacion o las mas antiguas del caracter mixto del alojamiento (versus la segregacion) o del “espacialismo”. De este modo, asistimos a una despolitizacion progresiva de la disciplina y mas ampliamente de la cuestion urbana y de la cuestion social, lo que denota un cambio en los usos sociales de la sociologia urbana y en la relacion de los sociologos con el poder. Si las ideas que guian las politicas urbanas, la manera de ver y de entender las sociedades urbanas, permanecen iguales, solo varia la cuestion de la escala y la vision politica se diluye. French urban sociology developed in conjunction with French urban policy since the 1960s. By the time these policies were approaching the urban as a whole, sociology was doing the same. In the late 1970s, when sociology was focusing on the local level, town planning was evolving in a similar manner. A heterogeneous set of actors contributed to this evolution: from the “second left wing” to Marxist sociologists, including urban social movements and the ideas they conveyed, such as the relatively new “participatory democracy”, or the older – “mixed residential areas” (as opposed to segregation) or “spatial determinism”. In doing so, a gradual de-politicization of the discipline occurred and, more broadly, of the urban and of the social issues. This indicates a shift in the social uses of urban sociology and in sociologists’ relation to power. While the ideas guiding urban policies and the attempt to apprehend and understand urban societies in reality remained the same, what varied was a matter of scale, as well as of political vision that ran out.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Martinez Gutierrez as mentioned in this paper proposed new theoretical and methodological frameworks of analysing social and territorial processes in human and urban ecology, and developed a human-and urban ecology model to study social interactions in local communities.
Abstract: Robert Park’s institutional and scientific works are part of the most suggestive periods of sociological research. He completed the empirical turn that the department of Sociology at University of Chicago started, especially in William Thomas’ perspective, and this contribution improved the scientific statute of sociology. His development of human (and urban) ecology proposes new theoretical and methodological frameworks of analysing social and territorial processes 174 emilio martinez gutierrez la investigacion ecologica… EMPIRIA. Revista de Metodologia de Ciencias Sociales. N. o 25, enero-junio, 2013, pp. 173-194. ISSN: 1139-5737 in local communities. Moreover, his approach has improved different particular techniques and procedures (widespread at present) as, for instance, ecological cartography (morphological level) and qualitative techniques that study social interactions (cultural or moral level).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed ethnomethodological description of a Life Management Master Class as an example of a profession related to captivated audiences is presented, and an analitycal classification of strategies applied by the speaker to connect with the public is proposed.
Abstract: This paper presents a detailed ethnomethodological description of a Life Management Master Class as an example of a profession related to captivated audiences. Firstly, the ordered succession of events (jokes, dramatizations, videos etc.) through the ethnomethodological alternates of the session is expounded. Then, an analitycal classification of strategies applied by the speaker to connect with the public is proposed. The last section deals with the conclusions and some possible lines of development on this kind of studies, within the specific field of motivational conferences and in the broader ground of professions related to captivated audiences