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Showing papers in "Energy and Buildings in 2008"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed available information concerning energy consumption in buildings, and particularly related to HVAC systems, and compared different types of building types and end uses in different countries.

5,288 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a physically based model of the energy balance of a vegetated rooftop has been developed and integrated into the EnergyPlus building energy simulation program, which allows the energy modeler to explore green roof design options including growing media thermal properties and depth, and vegetation characteristics such as plant type, height and leaf area index.

597 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an algorithm for the simulation of occupant presence, to be later used as an input for future occupant behaviour models within building simulation tools, is described, where occupant presence is considered as an inhomogeneous Markov chain interrupted by occasional periods of long absence, the model generates a time series of the state of presence of each occupant of a zone, for each zone of any number of buildings.

590 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison is made between a simple model based on artificial neural network (ANN) and a model that is based on physical principles (EnergyPlus) as an auditing and predicting tool in order to forecast building energy consumption.

561 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a method for generating realistic occupancy data for UK households, based upon surveyed time-use data describing what people do and when, which can be used as input to any domestic energy model that uses occupancy time-series as a base variable, or any other application that requires detailed occupancy data.

546 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the patterns of electricity consumption were studied for 27 representative dwellings in Northern Ireland, and a clear correlation was found between average annual electricity consumption and floor area, and the difference in the annual demand on the grid between detached and terraced houses is between 24 and 30%.

374 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on the study of indoor thermal comfort control problem in buildings equipped with HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) systems, where the occupants' thermal comfort sensation is addressed by the well-known comfort index known as PMV and by a comfort zone defined in a psychrometric chart.

371 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a monitoring study of the electricity consumption of a sample of UK domestic buildings is presented from the monitoring of the power consumption of 72 dwellings at five sites over a 2-year monitoring period.

345 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify building materials which may optimize a building's energy requirements over its entire life cycle, by analyzing both embodied and operational energy consumption in a climatically responsive building in the Negev desert region of southern Israel.

330 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the feasibility of the application of multi-objective optimization techniques to the problem of the improvement of the energy efficiency in buildings, so that the maximum possible number of alternative solutions and energy efficiency measures may be considered.

317 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Developing of regression models to predict the monthly heating demand for single-family residential sector in temperate climates with the aim to be used by architects or design engineers as support tools in the very first stage of their projects in finding efficiently energetic solutions is concerned.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a technique is presented for estimating hourly and seasonal energy consumption profiles in the building sector at spatial scales down to the individual taxlot or parcel, which combines annual building energy simulations for city-specific prototypical buildings and commonly available geospatial data.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the integration of future UK climate scenarios into the widely used Typical Meteorological Year (TMY2) and EnergyPlus/ESP-r Weather (EPW) file formats and demonstrate the importance of climate change analysis through a case study example.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a wallboard new PCM material is experimentally investigated to enhance the thermal behavior of light weight building internal partition wall, in a full-scale test room which is completely controlled.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the thermal performance of an inorganic eutectic phase change material (PCM) based thermal storage system for thermal management in a residential building was analyzed by theoretical and experimental investigation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the two fundamental principles of natural ventilation are stack effect and wind driven ventilation, and a distinction is made between specific types of wind-driven ventilation techniques depending on their operation and mode of engagement with the wind.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the thermal analysis of a building brick containing phase change material (PCM) to reduce the heat gain by absorbing the heat in the bricks through the melting process before it reaches the indoor space.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a life cycle assessment of a kenaf-fibre insulation board following the international standards of the ISO 14040 series is presented, where each life-cycle step has been checked, from production and board manufacture by an Italian firm, to use and disposal.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, full-scale wind tunnel experiments have been made with the aim of making a new expression for calculation of the airflow rate in single-sided natural ventilation, and it was found that the dominating driving force differs between wind speed and temperature difference depending on the ratio between the forces and the wind direction.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the potential of lighting energy savings in office rooms by using different control systems, for three locations in Europe and the four main orientations, and concluded that the control of the electrical power in function of daylight leads to very high savings; they slightly depend on the room orientation and the location.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an equation for the average daily downward heat flow of a sunlit roof is derived using building simulation, and it is first shown that the thermal mass of the roof does not significantly affect the overall daily heat gain (although it causes a time lag and reduction in peak heat flow).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comparison of artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) applied for modelling a ground-coupled heat pump system (GCHP) shows the appropriateness of ANFIS for the quantitative modeling of GCHP systems.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the air flow and the associated indoor carbon dioxide concentrations have been extensively monitored in 62 classrooms of 27 naturally ventilated schools in Athens, Greece, and specific ventilation patterns as well as the associated carbon dioxide concentration, before, during and after the teaching period are analyzed in detail.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a one-dimensional transient heat transfer model, the Semi-Transparent Photovoltaic module Heat Gain (SPVHG) model, for evaluating the heat gain of semi-transparent PV modules for building-integrated applications.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a 100-year lifecycle carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions analysis is reported for a two-bedroom, 65m2 floor area, semi-detached house in south-east England.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors used eQUEST software to analyze envelope design on energy saving of air conditioner (AC) and the effects of energy saving strategies on AC electric consumption of different orientation rooms in hot summer and cold winter zone in China, which included exterior wall thermal insulation, solar radiation absorptance of exterior wall, area ratio of window to wall, categories of glazing and kinds of shading system, and two combined strategies.

Journal ArticleDOI
Su Xing1, Zhang Xu1, Gao Jun1
TL;DR: In this paper, a life-cycle inventory model for office buildings is developed for the office buildings and the environmental effects of two different building structures, steel and concrete, are intercompared.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a new kind of phase change material (PCM) for energy-storing wallboard is introduced, which can not only enhance the indoor thermal-comfort dramatically, but also increase the utilization rate of the solar radiation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a study on representative wall thermal insulation configurations used in Greek buildings, in order to investigate the impact of the thermal bridges on the energy consumption, and highlight the potential for energy renovation measures in older buildings.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a modified gypsum plaster and a salt mixture were chosen as two materials for the study of their impact on room temperature reduction, where measurements were carried out under different conditions such as temporary air change, alternate internal heat gains or clouding.