Showing papers in "Energy Conversion and Management in 1997"

TL;DR: In this article, the basic equation for volume, heat and CO2 flux in a porous medium which is subject to both a temperature field and molecular diffusion have been analyzed with respect to the stability criteria for convectional vertical flow.

TL;DR: In this paper, microalgae plants are used for the capture and utilization of CO2 emitted by power plants, which can achieve very high productivities, equivalent to 10% solar energy conversion, and if projected low-cost cultivation, harvesting and processing techniques could be developed.

TL;DR: The underground disposal of industrial quantities of CO2 is entirely feasible as mentioned in this paper, but the main barrier to implementation is the cost of implementation, and the preferred concept is disposal into porous and permeable reservoirs capped by a low permeability seal, ideally, but not necessarily, at depths of around 800 metres or more.

TL;DR: In this paper, a new way for harnessing solar energy, using a combined ejector-vapour compression cycle, is described, which brings together the advantages and eliminates the disadvantages of the two common conventional cycles.

TL;DR: In this paper, the mass balance argument, based on a 2 to 1 coal-sorption selectivity for CO2 over CH4, supports the feasibility of building and operating fossil-fuelled green power plants.

TL;DR: In this article, the principal technologies for CO2 capture and for producing rich CO2 process streams by CO 2 O 2 combustion cycles are reviewed in summary form and their present limitations are identified.

TL;DR: In this article, the combustion characteristics of pulverized coal and the heat absorption performance of a boiler furnace were investigated in a microgravity combustion chamber and the results revealed that the flame propagation speed in an O 2 CO 2 atmosphere was markedly low compared with that in O 2 N 2 and O 2 Ar, and that it was improved by increasing the O 2 concentration.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a method of CO2 disposal that is based on combining CO2 chemically with abundant raw materials to form stable carbonate minerals, which is thermodynamically stable and environmentally neutral.

TL;DR: In this paper, a new absorbent was developed for low CO2 content flue gas, which has similar energy efficiency as the original absorbent, but requires 20% less energy than MEA.

TL;DR: In this article, three different biomass conversion processes, thermochemical, chemical and biochemical, are reviewed based on the results of some investigations, and the important parameters for thermochemical processes are temperature, pressure, time at reaction conditions and added reactants or catalysts.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey on CO2 removal from fossil-fuelled power generation systems, including 60 variants of power plants with carbon dioxide removal, and compare the efficiency of these variants for a standardized CO2 pressure, and conclude that the IGCC combined with CO shift conversion and physical absorption is the most appropriate option.

TL;DR: In this paper, an economic model was developed for CO2 recovery from power-plant flue gas and its delivery to microalgae ponds, which showed that a lipid cost of $1.4/gal (unextracted) and a mitigation cost of approximately $30/t CO2 (CO2 avoided basis) were predicted for a long-term process.

TL;DR: The need for processing solid urban and agro-industrial wastes, the relevant characteristics of aerobic composting technology and desirable features of input substrates are thoroughly discussed in this paper, where an overview of the digestion of solid waste by an aerobic compost program in Italy is also presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, a box-type solar cooker with latent heat storage has been designed and fabricated for the composite climatic conditions of India, and the experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of using a phase change material as the storage medium in solar cookers.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors pointed out the features of CO2 recovery in a novel power plant by employing a chemical-looping combustor, which consists of two reactors; fuel reacts with metal oxide, the reduced metal reacts with oxygen in air, and both reactions proceed with no visible flame.

TL;DR: In this article, a load frequency controller is designed for isolated wind diesel hybrid power systems, and its effect on the transient performance of the system is evaluated, both for continuous and discrete control cases.

TL;DR: In this article, a novel water gas shift membrane reactor (WGS-MR) for CO2 removal in IGCC systems has been investigated, and a multidisciplinary feasibility study has been carried out comprising system integration studies, catalysts, membrane research, membrane reactor modelling and bench scale membrane reactor experiments.

TL;DR: Efforts are now under way to increase their CO2 fixation rates by optimizing the culture conditions and to develop applications for the products.

TL;DR: In this article, the possibilities of the utilization of the reaction as a countermeasure against the CO2 problem from the view points of resources and global carbon circulation were reviewed and the experimental results on weathering kinetics conducted for various kinds of silicates.

TL;DR: In this paper, some strategies for reducing energy consumption in a chemical solvent based separation process are identified and their impacts on the overall process are discussed and some of them are discussed in detail.

TL;DR: In this article, the exergetic efficiency, the rates of exergy destruction and exergy loss, an exergy destroy ratio, the cost rates associated with exergy degradation, capital investment and operating and maintenance, a relative cost difference of unit costs and an exergoeconomic factor are used to minimize the cost of a thermal system.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the distribution of injected CO 2 into large aquifers and showed that the distribution is controlled by gravity forces and the horizontal permeability just below the cap rock.

TL;DR: This paper reports on the development of highly efficient photobioreactor system for the fixation of CO2 from LNG thermal power plant and developed the sunlight collection and transmission system with high efficiency.

TL;DR: In this article, the performance of a closed Brayton cycle with regeneration is evaluated using finite-time thermodynamic analysis. And the authors show that the power output can be maximized with judicious selection of parameters such as the heat exchanger surface areas and the heat conductances.

TL;DR: In this paper, a second law analysis for phase-change thermal energy storage system is presented. But the analysis is restricted to the case where the storage material is either paraffin wax or calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl 2, 6H 2 O), whereas the heat transfer fluid used was air or water.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the possibility that CO 2 disposed of underground could leak from a storage reservoir, either through an unidentified migration pathway or as the result of a well failure, and the kind of threat that this might represent may be judged by comparison with naturally occurring volcanic CO 2 emissions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the combustion performance of biofuel oils, blends with diesel fuel and emulsions with water have been made, using a variety of experimental techniques, including spray-flame photography.

TL;DR: In this paper, three configurations of the Rankine cycle are examined and compared to conventional single and dual flash steam power plants, and the Kalina cycle system no. 12 has also been studied.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a lateral intrusion technique for the super-deep sub-seabed disposal of CO2, which can protect the ecology on the seafloor.

TL;DR: An overview of the miniaturization technologies and their application to energy systems is presented in this paper, with an emphasis on the work in the United States and the collaborative work in progress by the Institute for Micromanufacturing and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratories.