Showing papers in "Energy Conversion and Management in 2004"

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the phase change materials (PCM) and their application in energy storage is presented, where the main advantages of encapsulation are providing large heat transfer area, reduction of the PCMs reactivity towards the outside environment and controlling the changes in volume of the storage materials as phase change occurs.

TL;DR: In this article, phase change materials (PCMs) are used to capture solar energy directly and increase human comfort by decreasing the frequency of internal air temperature swings and maintaining the temperature closer to the desired temperature for a longer period of time.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of new studies on pyrolysis of biomass to produce fuels and chemical feedstocks is presented, where a number of biomass species, varying from woody and herbaceous biomass to municipal solid waste, food processing residues and industrial wastes, were subjected to different pyropolysis conditions to obtain liquid, gas and solid products.

TL;DR: In this paper, the paths and limits to reduce NOx emissions from Diesel engines are briefly reviewed, and the inevitable uses of EGR are highlighted, as well as new concepts regarding EGR stream treatment and EGR hydrogen reforming.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors deal with the preparation of paraffin/high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites as form-stable, solid liquid phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage and with determination of their thermal properties.

TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental investigation conducted on a single cylinder DI Diesel engine, which has been properly modified to operate under dual fuel conditions, reveals the effect of dual fuel combustion on engine performance and exhaust emissions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss a line of research that may, in the future, help to reduce the greenhouse effect in a sustainable manner, by using micro-organisms capable of photosynthetic reactions.

TL;DR: In this paper, several equations were employed to estimate global solar radiation from sunshine hours for 16 meteorological stations in Spain, using only the relative duration of sunshine, including the original Angstrom-Prescott linear regression and modified functions (quadratic, third degree, logarithmic and exponential functions).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have developed and applied metrics for calculation of the input energy requirements and greenhouse gas emissions from utility scale energy storage systems using life cycle assessment, using three storage technologies: pumped hydro storage (PHS), compressed air energy storage (CAES), and advanced battery energy storage using vanadium and sodium polysulphide electrolytes.

TL;DR: In this article, two sunshine-based and three air temperature-based global radiation models are calibrated using daily data in Jan 1 1994-Dec 31 1998 at 48 stations all over China The Nash-Sutcliffe equation (NSE) is used as the model evaluation criterion.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the energy requirements of inputs and output in citrus production in the Antalya province of Turkey by using a face-to-face questionnaire method.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of ethanol addition (10% and 15% in volume) to Diesel No. 2 on the performance and emissions of a four stroke cycle, four cylinder turbocharged indirect injection Diesel engine having different fuel injection pressures (150, 200 and 250 bar) at full load were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used General Regression Neural Networks (GRNNs) to optimize HVAC thermal energy storage in public buildings as well as office buildings using climate records in Kuwait.

TL;DR: In this paper, a single cylinder Diesel engine study of water-in-Diesel emulsions was conducted to investigate the effect of water emulsification on the engine performance and gases exhaust temperature.

TL;DR: In this paper, an electromechanical, two-axis sun tracking system is designed and constructed using an open-loop system where the programmable logic controller is used to control the motion of the sun tracking surface.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented an energy and exergy analysis of a GSHP system with a 50 m vertical 1.25 in. nominal diameter U-bend ground heat exchanger.

TL;DR: A combined approach based on unsupervised and supervised neural networks for the electric energy demand forecasting of a suburban area with a prediction time of 24 h bears out the suitability of the adopted methodology for the short term load forecasting (STLF) problem also at so small a spatial scale as the suburban one.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify and analyze different transportation scenarios with respect to costs, capacity, distance, means of transportation and type of storage, and show that feasible transportation alternatives are pipelines (on and off shore), water carriers (off shore), and combinations of these.

TL;DR: In this article, numerical heat exchanger models integrated with models for Bi2Te3 thermoelectric modules are validated against experimental data from previous cross flow heat exchange studies as well as experiments using thermistors between counterflow hot water and cooling air flow channels.

TL;DR: In this paper, an energy scenario of wheat production in Punjab was constructed to establish optimum energy input levels and to know the sensitivity of a particular energy input level on productivity for five agro-climatic zones.

TL;DR: In this paper, the economics of family size biogas plants with capacity from 1 to 6 m 3 were compared, and three prevalent models, viz. KVIC, Janta and Deenbandhu, were compared.

TL;DR: A self tuning fuzzy PID type controller is proposed for solving the load frequency control (LFC) problem, and the proposed self tuning mechanism depends on the peak observer idea, and this idea is modified and adapted to the LFC problem.

TL;DR: An experimental evaluation of using jojoba oil as an alternate diesel engine fuel has been conducted in the present work as mentioned in this paper, which indicated a good potential of using Jojoba Oil as an alternative Diesel engine fuel and showed that a negligible loss of engine power, a slight increase in brake specific fuel consumption and a reduction in engine NO x and soot emission using blends of JoJooba oil with gas oil as compared to gas oil.

TL;DR: This study deals with estimation of energy demand based on economic indicators in Turkey using the genetic algorithm energy demand model, which can be used for estimating the energy demand in the future by optimizing the parameter value using available data.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors put forward the solar energy potential in Turkey using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and investigated the best approach for each station by using different learning algorithms and a logistic sigmoid transfer function in the neural network with developed software.

TL;DR: In this paper, the potential of solubilizing trace metals, metalloids and/or selected radionuclides by CO2 releases from deep formations into potable aquifers is investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, a guard bed and a catalytic reactor were used to crack the heavy tars formed during gasification of biomass, with the goal of improving the quality of the producer gas.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the environmental protection offered by the two most widely used renewable energy systems, i.e., solar water heating and solar space heating, and showed that by using solar energy, considerable amounts of greenhouse polluting gasses are avoided.

TL;DR: In this article, the problem of energy efficiency evaluation and economic feasibility analysis of a small scale trigeneration system for combined cooling, heating and power generation (CCHP) with an available Stirling engine was addressed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of mono-crystalline silicon type PV modules at different tilt angles and orientations was investigated theoretically and the annual performance was predicted using a Fortran computer subprogram constructed based on the analysis and connected to the TRNSYS simulation program.