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Showing papers in "Energy in 1981"


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1981-Energy
TL;DR: The dependence of household energy use on expenditures, number of household members, degree of urbanization, and other demographic-economic factors, has been investigated graphically and statistically as mentioned in this paper.

67 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1981-Energy
TL;DR: A performance study of three packed-bed solar collectors for air-heating is presented in this paper, where the performance of plane collectors improves appreciably by packing with blackened metallic materials.

33 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, oil and gas fields in Tertiary basins of Southeast Asia are catalogued into a pattern of hydrocarbon occurrence related to regional cycles of sedimentation, which forms a basis for improved exploration predictability.

27 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the inclusion of energy in the standard Cobb Douglas production function does not explain the contribution of technological process (Hicks-neutral) to a rise in the rate of output unless, possibly, one is able to make the seemingly unreasonable assumption that labor should not appear in the production function.

23 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present estimates of total costs of 15 energy services for the year 1972, including the costs of producing and distributing commercial forms of energy, the cost of the equipment that utilizes this energy in providing services, and the cost cost of operating and maintaining the end-use equipment.

20 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reconstructed the geotectonic evolution of Southeast Asia with particular reference to the South China Sea Region, and the results of recent exploration drilling on the Reed Bank supports the previous concept that the intermediate shelfal region at a depth of about 2000 m represents the fragmented remains of continental crust.

18 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
M. Reali1
01 Mar 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, an energy-conversion scheme, which allows efficient exploitation of salinity gradients, is proposed for a submarine hydro-electro-osmotic power plant in which fresh surface water is conveyed through a penstock to a submerged hydraulic turbine for the generation of electric power.

17 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 1981-Energy
TL;DR: The ESCAP as mentioned in this paper provides information on electricity supply; giving assistance to developing countries in planning, development, and management of energy resources; and promoting the development of non-conventional sources of energy.

16 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, a thermodynamic analysis of a two-membrane reactor-separator system is presented, which can be made to operate at a reduced oxygen concentration (ROC) in the reactor separator, thus greatly increasing the number and kinds of materials that may be considered candidates for separation membranes.

15 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Ernest P. Du Bois1
01 Nov 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have made substantial progress in the definition of hydrocarbon bearing basins and those potentially so, in Southeast Asia and the South China Sea in recent years.

13 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reconstructed the geotectonic evolution of Southeast Asia with particular reference to the South China Sea Region, and the results of recent exploration drilling on the Reed Bank supports the previous concept that the intermediate shelfal region at a depth of about 2000 m represents the fragmented remains of continental crust.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1981-Energy
TL;DR: For energy demand models that should be valid in a large domain, global properties are important and the translog function is a flexible form but does not have good global properties.

Journal ArticleDOI
M.J. Bush1
01 Jun 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the structure of the Canadian input-output tables from the perspective of the energy analyst and formulated the energy model and the calculation of primary energy requirements.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors applied standard energy analysis to four types of geothermal-electric technologies: liquid dominated, hot dry rock, geopressure, and vapor dominated, and found that all are net energy producers, i.e. they have an energy ratio exceeding unity.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the motivations and criteria for making energy plans based on renewable sources is presented, and the way in which such plans are constructed is investigated and a critical appraisal of each plan is attempted.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, three functional forms relating fuel consumption to speed were estimated and a summary with descriptive statistics was also computed using data on 350 1965-77 model year automobiles collected by Consumer Reports magazine.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of the development of the salt concentration profiles in a solar pond is investigated and exact solutions for the salt concentrations as functions of space and time are obtained and discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the flat plate solar collector system appears to be the system our energy policy should encourage for heating domestic water, even in the cloudy inter-Lakes area of the United States.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors have chosen a most backward Silora Block in Rajasthan to carry out a thorough study to assess energy potential, energy requirements, and the local technical expertise available to fabricate and maintain energy gadgets.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, a dynamic simulation program for a flat-plate solar collector has been developed and used for a parametric sensitivity study of the collector; the agreement between the results was found to be very good.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In the semi-enclosed East China Sea, the unilateral claims of the coastal states to the continental shelf substantially overlap as discussed by the authors, and Japan and South Korea signed an agreement in 1974 to freeze the surface boundary issue and develop oil from the disputed waters together.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, changes in the structure and energy intensity of the Western European economy are projected in response to increases in real energy prices over the next fifty years using a systems analysis of energy demand by sector and geographic region.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the importance of energy in the investment decision process and find that for energy-intensive industries, as well as for the economy as a whole, energy is important in adequately explaining investment behavior.

Journal ArticleDOI
V.C. Sharma1
01 Feb 1981-Energy
TL;DR: A comparison of thermal performance of the chemically and thermally oxidized 18 8 CrNi austenitic stainless steel (SS) solar absorber plates (light blue in colour) under bright sunshine conditions in Benin City, Nigeria, shows that the chemically oxidized AISI 321 performs better than the chemical oxidized absorbing surface.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the optimum tilt angle for solar collectors at 171 locations in North America was determined by using regression analysis based on the results obtained for the 171 locations for several different periods of the year.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1981-Energy
TL;DR: The net energy ratio of most small-scale (≤ 25 MWe) hydroelectric demonstration projects are in the range of 10 to 12:1 as mentioned in this paper, which is quite favorably compared with ratios for thirteen other electric technologies.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the usage in 1976 under the TOU rates and under the existing (declining block) rate to determine whether or not there was an effect.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1981-Energy
TL;DR: The energy and economy scenarios between the end of World War II and the oil crisis of 1973 are critically evaluated in this article, and the profound changes produced by the 1973-1974 oil crisis are noted.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, 90% of Nigeria's potential hydro sites remain undeveloped, 33% (~ 800 MW) of total power is currently generated by hydraulic turbines, the remaining 67% (~ 1732 MW) by thermoelectric generators.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 1981-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an energy-economic modeling framework for analyzing energy policy and development plans within a macroeconomic planning framework, and present an account of the past energy planning studies in India, energy resources and past trends of energy consumption.