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Showing papers in "Energy in 1989"


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the performance of a stream of air to a temperature lower than the inlet wet-bulb temperature by the evaporation of water, and found that the dew-point temperature can be approached with moderate flow rates and simple geometries.

99 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, second-law analysis is used to develop an energy optimization model based on the maximum reuse of exergy contained in the heat flows which emanate from industrial processes.

45 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, a general expression for the entropy generation for combined convective heat and mass transfer in external flows is obtained, and useful conclusions are drawn that are representative of the second law viewpoint for the definition of the optimum operating conditions for the specified applications.

36 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed and applied a model of residential space-heating demand, which incorporates economic, family-composition and structural housing factors as explanatory variables, and assessed the impact of home retrofitting and other conservation actions on residential energy demand by analyzing data collected as part of a national sample of Canadian households, which are supplemented with ratestructure and energy-price data.

36 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, a fin-type air heater was investigated both experimentally and theoretically, and a transient model was developed to study the performance of the finned air heater and, by adjusting heat transfer coefficients, the theoretical data were fitted to the experimental results.

33 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have studied the fuel consumption characteristics of a fleet of public buses under actual operating conditions and found that the average travel speed and loaded weight together could explain up to two-thirds of the variations in fuel efficiency.

31 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, a super-absorbent polymer made from an acrylic acid copolymer is proposed as an effective thickener to prevent undesirable phase separation of disodium sulfate decahydrate (Glauber's salt).

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the Wharton economic projections used recently in an Energy Modeling Forum (EMF) study indicated a decline rate of about half that experienced during the 1973-1981 period.

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, a new gas burner generating a swirling flame has been developed for use with picnic gas-bottles as well as domestic and semi-industrial hot-plates, and the effect of the design parameters on the performance characteristics of the new burner was explored under various operating conditions for natural and synthetic gases.

26 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the microwave/radio frequency curing of polymers is reviewed, the characteristics of curable polymers are discussed and the energy requirements for microwave/Radio frequency curing are calculated.

25 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, a model describing the combined heat and mass transfer processes that occur during sorption of water vapor in a fixed-bed, desiccant dehumidifier consisting of parallel channels is presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the total and diffuse irradiation in Bahrain were estimated using meteorological data recorded from 1984 to 1987 using two established models, which were used in calculating the total radiation.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss conservation measures and present the results of an experimental case study to show the impact of low-cost, timer-control techniques for conserving energy.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed magnetic heat pumps and refrigerators with high-temperature superconducting materials for replacing vapor-compression devices that use chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple mathematical model has been developed for producer-gas impingement on a water surface, and a correlation has been derived for the tar-removal efficiency with the following five dimensionless groups: the Reynolds number, H n L, H w L, D c L, and D n L.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermolysis of H2S and the recovery of H 2 and S were studied in a simple, single-pass reactor in a solar furnace with low feed rates, with conversions and quench fractions that are virtually 100% of the maximum expectation values.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors computed industrial energy saving potentials by a linear optimization model for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), the United States, the Netherlands, and Japan on the basis of aggregated national energy-exergy demand profiles and second law analysis.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the heat-recovery rate in a latent heat storage unit using Na2HPO4 · 12H2O as a heat-storage medium has been determined.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, three different procedures are discussed with reference to air and glass beads of four different average sizes: 1. (i) the bed voidage is measured at minimum fluidization and the variation of this quantity with Reynolds number with minimum fluidisation is correlated with the powder classification scheme of Saxena and Ganzha and hence with the corresponding fluidization characteristics.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, a transient analysis of a double-basin solar still coupled to a flat-plate solar collector in the thermosiphon mode is presented, where explicit expressions are derived for the temperatures of the upper glass-cover, the water in the upper basin, the lower glasscover, and the lower basin, as well as for the distillate output and system efficiency.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the maximum efficiency of solar-radiation conversion (first proposed by Petela, Spanner, and Jeter, respectively) is compared with the efficiency of a photo-thermal converter, with and without concentration.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1989-Energy
TL;DR: The maximum efficiency of solar converters decreases abruptly when the concentration ratio is decreased as discussed by the authors, and the use of flat-plate collectors for work production is not desirable because of reduced efficiency.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss policies and programs designed to accelerate adoption of alternative fuel vehicles that were implemented in the 1970s and early 1980s in New Zealand, Brazil, and Canada.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined differences in reported winter thermostat settings and monitored temperatures for households participating in the Bonneville Power Administration's Residential Standards Demonstration Program (RSDP) in the Pacific Northwest.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a transient model of the performance of a double-basin solar still with a heat exchanger to enhance its distillate output per unit area.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, a high efficiency, compound absorption-refrigeration system is considered, which is composed of two cooperating absorption units using NH 3 /H 2 O and H 2 O/LiBr solutions, respectively.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, an air-cooled 2.5 kW PAFC stack was used for electrical load-following using abundant biomass-derived fuels in remote areas, and its steady-state electrical characteristics were determined.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1989-Energy
TL;DR: An econometric model to forecast electricity consumption in Zimbabwe through the year 2010 using 20 yr of data (1965-1984) is presented in this paper, where the model is a nonlinear dynamic system of simultaneous equations relating macroeconomic and demographic variables to electricity consumption.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 1989-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe changes in electricity use between 1970 and 1986 for 13 of the largest developing countries in Latin America and Asia, where the industrial sector continues to dominate electricity consumption, but its share of total consumption has declined in the face of faster growth in the residential and commercial sectors.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1989-Energy
TL;DR: This article examined how methanol gained this preeminent position by analyzing the historical interplay of economic interests, technical judgments, and ideology and then showed that the preference for methanoline is not the only conclusion to be drawn from the available evidence.