Showing papers in "Energy in 1994"

TL;DR: In this paper, a new type of power generation system (called CLSA), with chemical-looping combustion, air saturation and based on energy-utilization diagrams (EUDs), is proposed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a new LENI-ARTICLE-1994-026 Record created on 2005-08-08, modified on 2017-05-10.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple cogeneration system consisting of a regenerative gasturbine system and a heat-recovery steam generator is used to illustrate the application of exergoeconomic methods for evaluating and optimizing complex energy systems.

TL;DR: In this paper, a three-city household air pollution study covering particulates (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) was conducted in and near households spanning the most important current steps in each city's energy ladder.

TL;DR: The exergy concept is reviewed as a tool for resource accounting in this paper, where the authors describe the exergy losses in transformations of material resources and in the conversion of various forms of energy.

TL;DR: In this article, a gas-turbine cogeneration system with a regenerative air preheater and a single-pressure exhaust gas boiler is used as an example for application of three different analysis and optimization procedures: 1 (i) direct use of a nonlinear programming algorithm, 2 (ii) thermoeconomic functional approach, and 3 (iii) modular simulation and optimization of the system.

TL;DR: In this article, an optimization strategy for complex thermal systems is presented based on conventional techniques and incorporates assumptions and consequences of the exergetic cost theory (ECT) and of symbolic exergoeconomics.

TL;DR: In this paper, the use of a methodology called Engineering Functional Analysis (EFA) for the thermoeconomic optimization of energy systems is presented and applied to the gas turbine cogeneration cycle of the CGAM problem.

TL;DR: In this article, a two-stage multi-stage reactor was developed in order to separate the flaming-pyrolysis zone from the reduction zone, where tar vapors generated in the first zone are burned or cracked to simple molecules by high temperature in the second zone.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an international profile of activities and research issues related to energy standards for buildings and present a 15-page informal survey to gather specific information about the contents, development, and use of energy standards.

TL;DR: An empirical study of energy carriers used for cooking in Bangalore reveals that with increases in income, firewood and charcoal give way to kerosene which in turn is displaced by LPG and electricity as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, a numerical model to calculate the performance of multiple, parallel, earth-to-air heat exchangers is described, and an extensive sensitivity investigation has been performed to analyse the impact of the main design parameters on the cooling potential of the system.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed an energy consumption model for Eastern Saudi Arabia as a function of weather data, global solar radiation and population, and the problem of colinearity between the regressors is investigated by using standard statistical procedures.

TL;DR: New gross energy requirements (GER) have been calculated for 40 materials for the reference year 1988 as mentioned in this paper, including metals, plastics, paper, ceramics and non-metallic minerals, wood, and fertilizers.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyse firewood consumption along altitudinal gradient by households according to their socio-economic conditions in Garhwal Himalaya and find that consumption of fuelwood was 789, 664, 518, and 544 kg/cap-yr and energy consumption for fuelwood collection was 41, 53, 52, 80 × 103 kg/Cap-yr, respectively, above 2000, for 1500-2000, 1000-1500, 1000 -1500, and 500-1000m.

TL;DR: In this article, an optimal power analysis for an endoreversible Stirling cycle with perfect regeneration was performed, where the external heat transfer processes are the only irreversible processes of the cycle.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors characterized the composition of the product gas in the temperature range 1050-1600 K in opaque and transparent fluidized-bed reactors with either pure tabular alumina or a crushed platinum-on-alumina catalyst.

TL;DR: In this paper, the main structural factors (e.g., primary or secondary production, product types) that affect energy efficiency of industrial sub-sectors and production processes are investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors report that the annual average total energy consumption is 93 kWh/m2, of which approximately 72% is consumed for space heating, and the assessment of various energy-conservation techniques shows a potential for 20% overall energy conservation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the specific energy consumption for the production of nitrogen fertilizers and the various options that are available to reduce this consumption, and calculated the effect that savings in ammonia production will have on the energy required for several types of N-fertilizers (urea, nitric acid, ammonium nitrate, and CAN).

TL;DR: In this article, a box-type solar cooker with multi-step inner reflectors was designed and constructed in a three-step fashion to create different angles with respect to the horizontal.

TL;DR: In this article, a new solar dryer, which consists of a solar air heater and a drying chamber, was developed and used for drying agricultural products, such as sultana grapes, green beans, sweet peppers, and chilli peppers.

TL;DR: In this article, the potential for energy conservation in space and water heating for five district-heated buildings of three types in south-west Sweden is analyzed using a computer program which calculates daily building energy balances.

TL;DR: In this article, the volume flow rate through the evaporative pad is determined by the number of air changes per hour (AC/h) in the greenhouse, which determines the amount of cooling required.

TL;DR: In this article, several methods for estimating net savings are described, and the appropriate methods yield estimates that are close to the true value while inappropriate methods do not, on logical grounds.

TL;DR: In this paper, a thermodynamic analysis and related experimental studies indicate the technical feasibility of reducing CO2 emissions via combined processes based on the co-production of synthesis gas (CO + H2) with iron or cement.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of energy consumption and economic growth in Hong Kong for the period 1979-1991 is presented, where the primary and final energy consumption have been calculated for five sectors (industrial, commercial, residential and transport uses, as well as export of electricity to China).

TL;DR: The power sector in India has registered tremendous growth after independence as mentioned in this paper, and demand for electricity is outstripping supply, leading to widespread power shortages, which will continue unless options for improvements are implemented.

TL;DR: In this article, a vapor-compression refrigeration cycle with a mechanical subcooling loop was investigated by using both the first and second laws of thermodynamics, and it was found that the performance of the system can be significantly improved by reducing the irreversibilities due to the expansion process.

TL;DR: In this paper, a finite-time thermodynamic analysis of the Stirling engine cycle based on mass and energy balances with associated heat-transfer-rate equations is presented, where the effects of heat transfer contact time and regeneration on power output and efficiency are studied.