Environment Conservation Journal 

About: Environment Conservation Journal is an academic journal published by Action For Sustainable Efficacious Development and Awareness. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Biology & Population. It has an ISSN identifier of 0972-3099. Over the lifetime, 828 publications have been published receiving 1023 citations.

Biodiversity: concept, threats and conservation.

Abstract: Biodiversity is the variety of different forms of life on earth, including the different plants, animals, micro-organisms, the genes they contain and the ecosystem they form. It refers to genetic variation, ecosystem variation, species variation (number of species) within an area, biome or planet. Relative to the range of habitats, biotic communities and ecological processes in the biosphere, biodiversity is vital in a number of ways including promoting the aesthetic value of the natural environment, contribution to our material well-being through utilitarian values by providing food, fodder, fuel, timber and medicine. Biodiversity is the life support system. Organisms depend on it for the air to breathe, the food to eat, and the water to drink. Wetlands filter pollutants from water, trees and plants reduce global warming by absorbing carbon, and bacteria and fungi break down organic material and fertilize the soil. It has been empirically shown that native species richness is linked to the health of ecosystems, as is the quality of life for humans. The ecosystem services of biodiversity is maintained through formation and protection of soil, conservation and purification of water, maintaining hydrological cycles, regulation of biochemical cycles, absorption and breakdown of pollutants and waste materials through decomposition, determination and regulation of the natural world climate. Despite the benefits from biodiversity, today’s threats to species and ecosystems are increasing day by day with alarming rate and virtually all of them are caused by human mismanagement of biological resources often stimulated by imprudent economic policies, pollution and faulty institutions in-addition to climate change. To ensure intra and intergenerational equity, it is important to conserve biodiversity. Some of the existing measures of biodiversity conservation include; reforestation, zoological gardens, botanical gardens, national parks, biosphere reserves, germplasm banks and adoption of breeding techniques, tissue culture techniques, social forestry to minimize stress on the exploitation of forest resources.

Freshwater: resources and pollution.

Abstract: Today with the rapid increase in the population, the gap between demand and supply of resources has been doubled. To overcome this gap increase in industrial revolution came into existence causing the severe damage to nature and its resources. Today our aim is not only to overcome the gap between demand and supply but also to manage these resources so that our future generations can also use them. Water, everyone’s need is the major resource which is severely affected and being polluted enormously. In context of India if we look towards our biggest river basin i.e. River Ganga, nourishing the agricultural fields, providing water for domestic and commercial purposes is majorly polluted due to industrial effluents and chemicals. We still have our resources plenty in amount but only if we manage them properly with new management techniques. We are the caretakers of these resources, not owners; all these resources belong to our future generations.

Toxic effect of malathion on acetylcholinesterase activity of liver, brain and gills of freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis.

Abstract: The toxic effects of malathion were evident in the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity of liver, brain and gi ll s of freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. Maximum inhibition of 77.12% and 72.83% were recorded in brain and gills respectively after 72 hour of exposure to 4.80 mg/l pesticide. However, in liver highest inhibition of 67.81% in enzyme level was noticed at 6.50 mg/l pesticide concentration after 24 hours of exposure, beyond which fish could not survive. Pesticide repressed the enzyme activity so intensely that it showed no sign of return to normalcy. The fish also elicited dissociated behaviour with increasing concentrations of pesticide toxicity.

Evaluation of water quality of River Malin using water quality index (WQI) at Najibabad, Bijnor (UP) India

Abstract: Malin river originates from the Kotdwara and merges with Ganga at RavalliGhat in Bijnor. It is an important river of city Najibabad Distt- Bijnor (U.P) because it is the main source of irrigation for agriculture in the most areas of city Najibabad. At some places cloth washing and vegetable washing is the main activity on the Malin River bank. Four sampling sites were established for the collection of water samples during July, 2015 to June, 2016 but in the present study average of all the values of all the four sites was given. Monitoring of water of River Malin includes physico-chemical parameters like temperature, turbidity, total solids, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, pH, total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, total alkalinity, chloride, acidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand. TDS, total hardness, calcium hardness and magnesium hardness was found beyond the limit at all the four sampling sites and rest all the parameters were found within the limit. The average values of TDS, BOD, COD and TH were observed 635.1 mg/l±55.31, 12.1±0.54, 35.2±1.01, 341.0±1.84. Further water quality of river Malin has been assessed using water quality index and the quality of river Malin was observed to be bad at all site which may be attributed to untreated and/or partially treated waste inputs of municipal and industrial effluents joining the river.

Carcinogenic effects of N-nitroso compounds in the environment

Abstract: N-nitroso compounds (NOC) are produced by the acid catalyzed reaction of nitrite with certain nitrogen compounds. The gastrointestinal tract (GI) is the main site for the formation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Bacteria present on the GI tract surface reduced the dietary nitrate or nitrite into Nitric oxide NO and other related compounds. The clinical sign of NOC carcinogenicity varies according to species, dose, and route of administration. Humans are exposed to preformed N-nitroso compounds and endogenous NOC via the environmental food chain. Several NOC are potential human carcinogens, including DENA and NDMA, but evidence from population studies is inconsistent.