Showing papers in "Environment International in 2004"

TL;DR: The various methods of removal of synthetic dyes from waters and wastewater, employing activated sludge, pure cultures and microbe consortiums are described.

TL;DR: The LCA framework and procedure is introduced, how to define and model a product's life cycle is outlined, and an overview of available methods and tools for tabulating and compiling associated emissions and resource consumption data in a life cycle inventory (LCI) is provided.

TL;DR: The available information on energy use in farm operations, and its conversion into carbon equivalent (CE) is a synthesis of the available information and shows that an output/input ratio, expressed either as gross or net output of C, must be >1 and has an increasing trend over time.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the applicability of growing bacterial/fungal/algal cells for metal removal and the efforts directed towards cell/process development to make this option technically/economically viable for the comprehensive treatment of metal-rich effluents.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of forest fires on the quantity and quality of organic matter (OM) in soil has been investigated and the most stable pool of soil organic carbon has been found to be composed of free lipids, colloidal fractions, including humic acids and fulvic acids.

TL;DR: There are gaps in understanding in a number of key areas when assessing the release of contaminants from sediments: the fate of contaminants in undisturbed sediments and those that are not subjected to major disturbances, the kinetic processes that regulate metal release during changes in redox potential, the release and bioavailability of organic and organometallic compounds and the processes affecting contaminant release.

TL;DR: This paper reviews studies that investigate the effects of plants on metals in wetlands and suggests that metals in litter are available to deposit feeders and, thus, can enter estuarine food webs.

TL;DR: It is concluded that tire dust consists not only of the debris from tire wear but also of assimilated heavy metal particles emitted from road traffic materials such as brake lining and road paint.

TL;DR: Results showed that both soils and vegetables from villages 1 and 2 were heavily contaminated, compared to a village 50 km from the smelter, and oral intake of Cd and Pb through vegetables poses high health risk to local residents.

TL;DR: Tests revealed elevated contents of cadmium, lead, arsenic, antimony and mercury in farming soils of Suszec commune, which pointed to metal depletion in the soil.

TL;DR: This article highlights how practitioners and researchers from many domains have come together to provide indicators for the different impacts attributable to products in the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) phase of life cycle assessment ( LCA).

TL;DR: Major disadvantages associated with peracetic acid disinfection are the increases of organic content in the effluent due to acetic acid (AA) and thus in the potential microbial regrowth and the high cost, which is partly due to limited production capacity worldwide.

TL;DR: This paper reviews the currently available data on the occurrence of organic booster biocides in the aquatic environment and reported levels of contamination and some data dealing with the environmental fate, partitioning, behaviour and risk assessment of antifouling paint boosterBiocides are reported.

TL;DR: The results showed that the heavy metal pollutions in S4 and S8 were more severe than in other sampling sites, especially Cd and Pb pollution.

TL;DR: Results indicate that arsenic contaminates some food items in Bangladesh, and further studies are needed to demonstrate the extent of arsenic contamination of food in Bangladesh.

TL;DR: This account, which considers how social and cultural factors influence the way in which people interpret and make sense of risk, draws linkages with psychological risk perception research, reveals that over the last decade there has been a pronounced degree of convergence between the conclusions being reached across these two fields of research.

TL;DR: Pb, Cu and Zn concentrations in E-5 Highway between Topkapi and Avcilar region in Istanbul were higher than maximum concentration levels of these heavy metals in normal soil, indicating that there is heavy metal pollution in the inspected area in E.5 Highway in Istanbul.

TL;DR: Parrot feather showed greater tolerance to toxicity followed by water mint and creeping primrose, and the growth of creeps primrose was significantly affected by heavy metal toxicity.

TL;DR: Tissues analysis revealed that liver and gonads accumulated the highest levels of Cu and Zn, and metal concentration in the edible part of the examined fish (muscle) were in the safety-permissible levels for human consumption.

TL;DR: Fish contributed most to the concentrations of dioxins and PCBs, and also to concentrations of PBDEs in which the lower bound range was from 0.82 to 850 pg/g, and some other source seemed to be found in the market basket that included beverages, spices, and sweets.

TL;DR: The distribution of some heavy metals in three different organs of mullet, Liza abu, and catfish, from Atatürk Dam Lake located on Euphrates (Turkey) was studied.

TL;DR: Some of the key wastewater composition parameters, which influence the biological removal of phosphate from wastewaters, such as COD content, volatile fatty acid (VFA) content, cation concentration, phosphorus load, pH and food to microorganism ratio are reviewed.

TL;DR: The spatial analyses indicated that groundwater contamination by nitrate is closely associated with one specific land use class, the "vegetable fields", which was considered the principal source of nitrate contamination of groundwater in the Kakamigahara.

TL;DR: Comparisons were made of metal concentrations in water and sediment with those in the muscle and livers of three species of fish caught in four seawater reservoirs, finding high metal-enrichment factors in the livers as compared to muscle.

TL;DR: The identification of an ideal concentration of NaOCl in disinfecting hospital wastewater, i.e. its non-observed effect concentration (NOEC) on algae and D. magna, seems to be a research issue that could facilitate the control of AOX toxicity effects on aquatic organisms.

TL;DR: Overall, the results indicate accumulation of various metals by different plant species, with some of these metals being partitioned to the shoots.

TL;DR: Overall, geochemistry and mineralogy of the samples show the effect of both natural and anthropogenic inputs to the catchment, however, natural processes are more dominant than Anthropogenic inputs in concentrating metals.

TL;DR: Investigation of the levels of heavy metals (As) in a greater number of milk samples from various zones of Calabria are necessary, both to examine this problem from the clinical epidemiological point of view and to identify the possible causes of milk contamination.

TL;DR: Modelling of contaminant migration plays a key role in evaluating natural attenuation as a remediation option and in ensuring that there will be no adverse impact on humans and the environment.

TL;DR: A risk management framework is presented that accounts for pathogen fate and transport for reservoirs, including Cryptosporidium due to UV light inactivation, and the role of hydrodynamics in determining the timescale of transport to the off-take relative to the timecale of inactivation.