Showing papers in "Environmental and Experimental Botany in 2007"

TL;DR: In this review article, numerous examples of successful application of these compounds to improve plant stress tolerance are presented and a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of exogenously applied GB and proline is expected to aid their effective utilization in crop production in stress environments.

TL;DR: C crop heat tolerance can be enhanced by preconditioning of plants under different environmental stresses or exogenous application of osmoprotectants such as glycinebetaine and proline, and by traditional and contemporary molecular breeding protocols and transgenic approaches.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of increasing NaCl concentrations on two different Sesamum indicum cultivars (cv. Orhangazi and cv. Cumhuriyet) was studied.

TL;DR: Drought and re-watering had little effect on the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry φPo(=FV/FM), but changes in respectively the L and K-bands of the fluorescence transients OJIP were shown to have predictive value with respect to the vitality of leaves and the tolerance of the varieties to drought stress.

TL;DR: In this article, the change in plant growth, photosynthesis, carbonic anhydrase, nitrate reductase and antioxidative enzymes resulting from the feeding of cadmium and/or 28-homobrassinolide (HBL) to Brassica juncea were studied in 60-day-old plants.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of supplementary calcium sulphate on tomato plants grown at high NaCl concentration (75mM) were investigated with a mixture of peat, perlite, and sand.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the hypothesis that slow-wilting is an expression of soil water conservation that results from a plant-imposed limitation on maximum transpiration rate.

TL;DR: The results showed a reduction of these parameters for most of magnetic treatments, therefore their rate of germination was increased, and the greatest increases were obtained for plants continuously exposed to 125 or 250 mT.

TL;DR: In this paper, 2-month-old purslane seedlings were subjected to 0, 70, 140 mM NaCl concentrations, and their growth, leaf relative water content (RWC), proline content, lipid peroxidation level and the activities of some antioxidant enzymes were determined after 18 and 30 days of salt stress exposure.

TL;DR: Based on biomass production, water relations, leaf ions accumulation, leaf and root abscisic acid and stomatal conductance measurements, a specific EC value was identified at which a sharp increase of the shoot and root ABA levels coincided with a decreased sensitivity ofStomatal response to ABA.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of external proline and potassium nitrate applications to salinity-treated (150mM) plants with respect to fruit yield, plant growth, some physiological parameters and ion uptake were investigated.

TL;DR: Genotypic differences in drought tolerance could be, at least in part, attributed to the ability of wheat plants to acclimate and induce antioxidant defense under water deficit conditions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined shoot accumulation of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn by the test plant Phaseolus vulgaris in 21 soils, differing in soil composition and level of contamination.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used fast chlorophyll a fluorescence monitoring as a wood decay early detection tool for detecting esca infection in grapevines using a nondestructive method.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared five species of Salix spp. in their ability to extract and accumulate heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) in harvestable plant parts.

TL;DR: It was indicated that leaf SOD and POD activity of S. nigrum had a greater capacity than S. melongena to adapt to oxidative stress caused by Cd, and antioxidative defense in the Cd-hyperaccumulator might play an important role in Cd tolerance.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of salt stress on wheat can be alleviated by the exogenous application of 100mM GB by modulating activities of antioxidant enzymes and changes in water relations and ion homeostasis.

TL;DR: Rice seedlings were exposed to a range of Cd concentrations for 15 days and a combination of different molecular approaches were used to evidence Cd effects and to assess the plants’ ability to counteract metal toxicity.

TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of elevated CO2 on water relations, water use efficiency and photosynthetic gas exchange in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under wet and drying soil conditions was analyzed.

TL;DR: This work was undertaken as the first comparative study of the effects of O3 on the photosynthetic processes and yield of three snap bean genotypes with known differences in sensitivity to O3, to identify physiological subsystems that may mediate those differences.

TL;DR: In this paper, the root exudates of Kandelia candel (L.) Druce seedlings were examined for 6 months under growth in an air-conditioned greenhouse with natural illumination and the relative humidity of 85%, the temperature ranging from 26 to 32°C, in increasing Cd concentration stress conditions (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ǫppm).

TL;DR: The temperature effects on growth, development, and photosynthesis may remain unchanged in elevated Ca compared with current Ca in maize, and the dependence of leaf appearance rate, biomass, leaf area, leaf and canopy photosynthesis, and C4 enzyme activities was comparable between current and elevated Ca.

TL;DR: Red redistribution of biomass among vegetative vine parts was significantly related to different indicators of the vine C:N status measured either at the whole-plant (N concentration) or at the organ level (TNC:FAA ratio), suggesting that root-to-shoot biomass partitioning was controlled by some aspect of plant C: N balance.

TL;DR: In this paper, the response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cv. KPG-59 to pre-sowing seed treatment with 28homobrassinolide (HBR) and/or sodium chloride (NaCl) was investigated.

TL;DR: Reduction in leaf growth under drought and saline conditions may be due to other causes rather than the limitation of nutrients in a short-term period of drought and salt stresses, although both drought and salinity cause a low nutrient availability in soil and low nutrient transport in plants.

TL;DR: It was concluded that Prunus dulcis is the species most tolerant to drought, and non-stomatal limitation of assimilation seems to be the least important in P. d Dulcis.

TL;DR: Results showed decrease in photosynthetic pigments and biomass of all the four cultivars due to sUV-B radiation, and Antioxidative defense system was activated in all the cultivars after irradiation with s UV-B.

TL;DR: From the behaviour of Cobrancosa plants, with a lower allocation of assimilates to leaves, smaller leaves, a smaller reduction in net assimilation rate and photosynthetic rate, a more efficient water transport through the xylem, and a more enhanced water use efficiency of biomass production under LW, this cultivar is considered very promising for cultivation in semi-arid areas.

TL;DR: The data obtained suggests that regarding GS protein and transcript accumulation potato plants have a differential response to these stresses, revealing a preferential expression of different GS-encoding genes in an organ-dependent manner.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the mechanisms involved in the modulation of photosynthesis by drought in non-CAM desert plants through measurement of chlorophyll a fluorescence (OJIP) transients.