Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 

About: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal is an academic journal published by Polytechnic Institute of Iasi. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Wastewater & Adsorption. It has an ISSN identifier of 1582-9596. Over the lifetime, 3280 publications have been published receiving 21246 citations.

Textile wastewater treatment by homogeneous oxidation with hydrogen peroxide

Abstract: The textile wastewaters have a diverse composition depending both on the used raw materials and applied manufacturing technologies. These wastewaters may contain various pollutants such as organic compounds (e.g. residual dyes), suspended solids, metal ions etc. Most of dyes are synthetic compounds with aromatic molecular structures and non-biodegradable. The oxidative destruction via homogenous oxidation processes with hydrogen peroxide (simple chemical oxidation with H2O2 or advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) as Fenton oxidation, ozonation, photo-oxidation and photo-Fenton oxidation etc.) are attractive alternatives to conventional treatments, easy to be applied and not so expensive. The use of H2O2 in AOPs has the advantage that the decomposition products of organic pollutants are common harmless compounds. Moreover, H2O2 decomposes itself in water and oxygen. This paper is a review of authors’ researches regarding homogenous oxidation with hydrogen peroxide applied for different types of textile dyes in order to perform high textile dye removals considering some relevant factors: pH, agitation regime, temperature, H2O2 concentration, textile dye concentration, oxidation time, ferrous or metallic ions concentration, etc.

Phytoremediation: the application of vermicompost to remove zinc, cadmium, copper, nickel and lead by sunflower plant

Abstract: A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the phytotoxic effect of heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn on the growth of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus): on the seed germination, root/shoot growth and uptake of metals in soil-vermicompost media. The selected metals were dosed at various concentrations ranging from 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 50 ppm separately in soil vermicompost media (3:1) in pot experiment. The seed germination, root and shoot growth were found significantly affected by these metals at higher concentration of 40 and 50 ppm. However, the lower concentration of heavy metals ranging from 5 to 20 ppm doses were observed to be stimulating the root and shoot length and increase biomass of the sunflower plant. Sunflower was able to germinate and grow efficiently at all Zn concentration evaluated in this study. The research study of the sunflower indicates the heavy metal uptake at the concentrations 5, 10, 20, 40 and 50 ppm. Sunflower is a very fast-growing industrial oil crop with a high biomass producing plant to be used for phytoremediation (uptake) of toxic metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg, As, Cd, Ni) from soil in heavily contaminated areas. Vermicompost can be used to remediate metals contaminated sites because it binds metals and increase uptake by providing nutrients such as sodium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese and copper which can serve as a natural fertilizer giving high yield of biomass and microbial consortium helped the overall growth of the sunflower plant. The use of vermicompost amended soil would be effective to remediate the heavy metals from contaminated environment.

Wastewater characteristics in textile finishing mills

Abstract: The aim of this paper was to accurately analyze the sources of water pollution and loading concentrations in textile finishing mills. A process data collection was performed and integrated with a characterization of the process effluents in terms of treatability and reusability. In order to evaluate properly the wastewater loading, an analysis course was set. The samples have been gathered for two months; instantaneous samples (PI) were drawn from the wastewater, as well as from the painting baths, at the time of the overflow. Based on several daily average values, a general average (PG) has obtained. The experimental data were statistically analyzed and the average values of the investigated parameters for each collecting point corresponding to the sectors of the finishing section were assessed..

Energy from biomass in pulp and paper mills

Abstract: Pulp and paper mills generate various quantities of energy-rich biomass as wastes, depending on technological level, pulp and paper grades and wood quality. These wastes are produced in all stages of the process: wood preparation, pulp and paper manufacture, chemical recovery, recycled paper processing, waste water treatment. Energy recovery from wastes of different origin has become a generally accepted alternative to their disposal. Pulp and paper industry expresses an interest in adapting and integrating advanced biomass energy conversion technologies into its mill operations. Industrial adoption of these new technologies has the potential for higher efficiency, lower capital cost, and safer operation than conventional operations that burn fossil fuels for energy. Incineration with energy recovery has the advantage of hygienic disposal, volume reduction, and the recovery of thermal energy by means of steam or super heated water that can be used for heating and power generation. The paper reviews the current state and tendencies in using as a fuel of solid wastes generated in pulp and paper mills. A description of biomass-derived wastes regarding their opportunity to be used for energy recovery is presented. The heating properties of wood wastes, rejects from recycled paper processing, paper sludge, and low-quality recovered paper grades are discussed. Some aspects of emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) are also presented.

Nanomaterials : an introduction to synthesis, properties and application

Abstract: The book focuses on the special phenomena related to nanomaterials and attempt to provide explanations which avoid as far as possible any highly theoretical and quantum mechanical description. The difficulties with nanomaterials arise from the fact that, in contrast to conventional materials, a profound knowledge of materials science is not sufficient. The book includes 11 chapters and a subject index. The authors give initially two definitions for nanomaterials. The first - and broadest - definition states that nanomaterials are those materials where the size of the individual building blocks are less then 100 nm, at least in one dimension. This definition is well suited for many research proposals, where nanomaterials have a high priority. The second definition is much more restrictive, and states that nanomaterials have properties which depend inherently on the small grain size and, as nanomaterials are usually quite expressive, such a restrictive definition makes more sense. The main difference between nanotechnology and conventional technologies is that the bottom-up approach is preferred in nanotechnology, whereas conventional technologies usually use the top-up approach. The difference between these two approaches can be explained simply by using an example of powder production, where the chemical synthesis represents the bottom-up approach, while the crushing and milling of chunks represents the equivalent top-down process. Chapter 1 is an introductory part, which refers to nanomaterials and nanocomposites, elementary consequences of small particle size, surface of nanoparticles, thermal phenomena, diffusion scaling law. Chapter 2, Surfaces in Nanomaterials presents some general consideration in nanomaterials, ...