Showing papers in "Environmental Pollution in 2004"

TL;DR: The results show that the most important anthropogenic sources of mercury pollution in aquatic systems are: atmospheric deposition, erosion, urban discharges, agricultural materials, mining, and combustion and industrial discharges.

TL;DR: The concentrations of lead, zinc, copper and cadmium accumulated by 12 emergent-rooted wetland plant species including different populations of Leersia hexandra, Juncus effusus and Equisetum ramosisti were investigated in field conditions of China and showed that metal accumulation differed among species, populations and tissues.

TL;DR: Glomalin should be considered for biostabilization leading to remediation of polluted soils, as an insoluble glycoprotein produced in copious amounts on hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi sequesters PTEs.

TL;DR: Data indicated that both species are moderately tolerant to heavy metals and that radish is more so than canola and could possibly be used with success in marginally polluted soils where their growth would not be impaired and the extraction of heavy metals could be maintained at satisfying levels.

TL;DR: 137Cs activities and heavy metal concentration-depth profiles from sediment cores retrieved in 2001 from three reservoirs in the Lot River allow establishing a connection between the temporal evolution of the heavy metal pollution and historical changes in smelting and waste-treatment proceedings.

TL;DR: Several hot-spot areas of metal contamination were identified from the composite metal geochemical map, mainly in the old industrial and residential areas, and the Pb isotope composition of the contaminated soils showed clear anthropogenic origins.

TL;DR: The results showed that the concentration of these selected organic pollutants in sediment was higher than those in surface water, which may be due to the fact that organic hydrophobic pollutants tend to stay in the sediments.

TL;DR: Three chemical immobilization materials, agricultural limestone (AL), mineral rock phosphate (RP), and diammonium phosphate (DAP), were evaluated using solute transport experiments to determine their ability to reduce subsurface heavy metal transport in a smelter contaminated soil.

TL;DR: The levels of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in 24 soil and 12 wild chard samples collected in Tarragona County (Catalonia, Spain), an area with an important number of chemical and petrochemical industries.

TL;DR: The use of plant species that have the ability to proliferate in the presence of high levels of contaminants and strains of PGPR that increase plant tolerance to contaminants and accelerate plant growth in heavily contaminated soils resulted in rapid and massive biomass accumulation of plant tissue in contaminated soil.

TL;DR: The conclusions were that whilst Fe-oxides may be used as effective in situ amendments to attenuate As in soils, their effects on other trace elements, such as Pb and Cd, require careful consideration.

TL;DR: Solution pH reduction during metal retention and flow calorimetry analysis both supported the hypothesis of retention of Pb, Cu, and Zn by surface adsorption or complexation, demonstrating that PR can effectively remove Pb from solutions, even in the presence of other heavy metals.

TL;DR: Knowledge concerning the emissions of POPs is a prerequisite for any attempt to understand and predict the distribution and fate of these chemicals on a regional and global scale as well as to efficiently minimise future environmental burdens.

TL;DR: Land cover patterns and stocking rates were used as measures of agricultural development in two pasture and one native grassland catchment in New Zealand and were related to water quality in streams of various orders, suggesting that upstream land use is more influential in larger streams, while local land use and other factors may be more important in smaller streams.

TL;DR: Spatial distribution and hazard assessment of soil lead in the mining site of Silvermines, Ireland, were investigated using statistics, geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS) techniques to achieve normality in the data set and to reduce the effect of outliers.

TL;DR: In this paper, several methods of contaminated crop disposal after phytoextraction process (composting, compaction, incineration, ashing, pyrolysis, direct disposal, liquid extraction) have been described.

TL;DR: A PCA/APCS model was applied to the data on non-methane hydrocarbons measured from January to December 2001 at two sampling sites in Hong Kong and found that vehicle emissions and LPG or natural gas leakage were the main sources of C(3)-C(5) alkanes and C( 3-C( 5) alkenes while aromatics were predominantly released from paints.

TL;DR: Two cultivars of Helianthus annuus were used in conjunction with ethylene diamine tetracetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid (CA) as chelators for enhancing the uptake and translocation of Cd, Cr, and Ni from a silty-clay loam soil.

TL;DR: Results indicated that energy budgets at a cellular level of biological organization provided the fastest and most sensitive response and energy budgets are a relevant currency to extrapolate cellular effects to higher levels of biological organizations within the exposed mussels.

TL;DR: The results indicated though both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants played significant roles in As detoxification and hyperaccumulation in Chinese brake, the former is more important at low As exposure (< or =20 mg kg(-1)), whereas the latter is more critical at high As exposure (50-200 mg kg (-1).

TL;DR: The increased root biomass in PGPR-treated plants led to more effective remediation, suggesting that some plants mitigated the toxic effects of contaminants to plants.

TL;DR: Only Ni concentrations showed potential environmental significance, due to the relatively poor retention of Ni by the sludge solid phase, and the importance of DOM in promoting the mobility of both Cu and Ni was evidenced by their lack of mobility when added to the soil column as inorganic forms.

TL;DR: It is shown that secondary PM concentrations can only be effectively reduced if ammonia emissions are decreased in much the same way as those of SO(2) and NO(x).

TL;DR: Although absolute concentrations of NH3 were five times smaller than for NO2, the greater deposition velocity for NH3 to vegetation means that approximately equivalent amounts of dry N deposition to road side vegetation from vehicle emissions comes from NH3 and NO2.

TL;DR: An extensive investigation at the Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Military Reservation demonstrates that assessment of groundwater and soil contamination at military ranges can be limited primarily to explosive-related compounds such as RDX, HMX, perchlorate, TNT and their transformation products.

TL;DR: In this article, four crop plant species (sweet corn, Zea may; wheat, Triticum aestivum; cucumber, Cucumis sativus; and sorghum, Sorghum bicolor) were tested to assess an ecotoxicity in cadmium-amended soils.

TL;DR: It is shown that simple mass balance models can be used to assist the interpretation of monitoring data while also providing an instrument that can beused to assess the LRAT potential and the extent of hopping that organic substances may experience.

TL;DR: The results show that foraminiferal density and species richness of the assemblages decrease with an increase in heavy metal and PAH concentration, and therefore may be used as pollution indicators.

TL;DR: The grazing ability of silver carp on toxic cyanobacteria suggests an applicability of using phytoplanktivorous fish to counteract cyanotoxin contamination in eutrophic waters.

TL;DR: Chiral analysis showed that enantioselective degradation of (+) or (-) o, p'-DDT in soil was accompanied by enrichment or depletion of the corresponding enantiomers in the overlying air, although there appeared to be some dilution by racemic o,p'- DDT from regional air transport.