Showing papers in "Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology in 2008"

TL;DR: The present mini-review accounts for the recent evidence of the effect of these toxic metals on the human health and their possible implications in fish consumption.

TL;DR: The result showed that acute chromium toxicity severely affects the vital organs and normal behavior which may be deleterious for fish populations.

TL;DR: Despite the remedial measures taken so far and worldwide condemnation, the ease of manufacturing these agents and effectiveness during combat or small scale terrorist operations still make them a powerful weapon to reckon with.

TL;DR: The results showed that the organophosphate CPF besides its inhibitory effect on target enzyme AChE also inhibits antioxidant enzymes, which can be used as biomarkers in the pesticide-contaminated aquatic streams.

TL;DR: Investigation indicated NAC pre-treatment significantly reversed toxic effect of MnCl(2) and manganese could dose-dependently induce the decline of energy metabolism and cause oxidative damage of mitochondria isolated from rat brain, and this change could be prevented by pre-treating with NAC.

TL;DR: This is the first attempt to prioritize veterinary pharmaceuticals in Korea by their usage, potential to enter the environment, and toxicological hazard, and it provides important concepts for developing environmental risk management plans for such contaminants in aquatic systems.

TL;DR: Vitamins C and E reduced dichlorvos hepatotoxicity, but vitaminsC and E did not confer complete protection.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that PPE pretreatment significantly offsets CCl(4)-induced liver injury in rats, which may be attributable to its strong antioxidant propensity.

TL;DR: Data indicated that only the liver may be suitable indicator tissue to determine the response of GSH and MTs to metal exposure in environmental monitoring studies.

TL;DR: The results in this study using conservative assumptions did not represent that there is a risk for acute toxic effects in the environment based on today's use of pharmaceuticals in Korea, however, the results do not exclude the potential for chronic environmental effects.

TL;DR: The results indicated the potential effects of LTC to induce oxidative damage in tissues and the ability of vitamin C to attenuate LTC-induced oxidative damage and its possible attenuation by vitamin C.

TL;DR: CGA was effective at protecting PC12 cells against MeHg-induced damage in dose-dependent manner and highlighted that CGA may exert neuroprotective effects through its antioxidant actions.

TL;DR: It is shown that lower halogenated biphenyls may be metabolically activated in vivo to genotoxic and initiating intermediates, and hypothesized that PCB3 and/or its metabolite(s) are mutagenic in rat liver in vivo.

TL;DR: The isolated protein fraction isolated from five different species of edible mushrooms mediated antiproliferative activity on several tumor cell lines through the induction of apoptosis and enhanced mouse natural killer cell cytotoxicity and stimulated macrophages to produce nitric oxide (NO).

TL;DR: The introduction in 1999 of norms for PCBs in feedstuffs and food in Belgium followed by the introduction in 2002 of European harmonized norms for PCDD/Fs in animal feed and food of animal origin led to the creation of the Federal Agency for Food Safety in Belgium.

TL;DR: It is predicted that PBDEs do not exhibit AhR activity themselves, but impurities are responsible for these effects, and a novel fluoro-tagged ligand approach holds promise as tools for illuminating the steric and electronic effects in ligand-receptor interaction.

TL;DR: Based on the concentrations and estradiol equivalency factors (EEF), 60% of the total estrogenic activity in GBD-WWTP influent could be explained by the calculated EEQ, showing that BPA, OP and NP were mainly responsible for estrogenicactivity in the influent.

TL;DR: No significant associations were observed between congeners, or their sum, and thyroid function, but the possibility of a positive association between ΣPBDEs and fT(4), detectable with an approximate ninefold increase in sample size, suggests that additional studies are needed.

TL;DR: Dose dependent DNA damage was observed during in vitro exposure, while in vivo exposure showed increasing DNA damage till 30ppm, and the decrease in arbitrary units at higher concentrations might be due to lower DNA mobility, caused by formation of different types of cross-links.

TL;DR: Western blot analysis showed that propolis increases the expression of p21 and p27 proteins, and decreases the levels of cyclin B1, cyclin A, Cdk2 and Cdc2, thereby contributing to cell cycle arrest.

TL;DR: Both in chronic and acute inflammation, ethyl acetate (EAF) and aqueous fraction (AF) were effective and EAF is comparable with the positive standards in chronic inflammation.

TL;DR: There were mild effects on activity of ALT, AST and LDH enzymes indicating the hepatic toxicity induced by Roundup, and it was found that the mild effects were different on the enzymes in male and female rats of treatment groups.

TL;DR: The fishes from river Gomti and Ganga showed a high degree of contamination and disrupted reproductive axis when compared to those from the reference site reflecting the degree of pesticide pollution present in those water bodies.

TL;DR: Boron compounds have been shown to protect vanadium-induced DNA damage in vitro for the first time against vanadium(IV) tetraoxide genotoxicity.

TL;DR: The ameliorative properties of bioactive compound andrographolide, aqueous extract of Andrographis paniculata and vitamin E may act as putative protective agent against nicotine induced tissue injury and may pave a new path to develop suitable drug therapy.

TL;DR: Fish is the major contributor to the total daily PCB intake (around 50%) due to the high PCB levels in this type of food, which accounts for around 20% of the total dietary intake of PCBs, while dairy products and eggs contribute to a lesser degree.

TL;DR: Alcohol extract showed significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity in all in vitro antioxidant assays and contained high level of total phenolic content and moderate cytotoxicity against L929 cell line.

TL;DR: The findings suggest the potential use of Ganoderma polysaccharides as novel radioprotective agent and indicate the significant protective effect of Ganodma poly Saccharides against radiation induced damages.

TL;DR: It can be suggested that oxidative stress is one of the main mechanism involved in chlorpyrifos toxicity and supplementation with sodium selenite in such cases can have significant beneficial and therapeutic effects.

TL;DR: Carnosine can be considered a feasible candidate to protect against nephrotoxicity commonly encountered with cisplatin treatment, and histopathological examination and scoring showed that carnosine markedly ameliorated cisPlatin-induced renal tubular necrosis.