Showing papers in "Enzyme and Microbial Technology in 1996"

TL;DR: In this article, different fermentation organisms among bacteria, yeast, and recombinant were reviewed with emphasis on their performance in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, i.e., can withstand potential inhibitors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors review aqueous and enzyme-based processes and discuss related issues, including the main limitations of this process, such as: (1) lower efficiency of oil extraction as evident in earlier studies, (2) demulsification requirements to recover oil when emulsions are formed, and (3) treatment of the resulting aiquous effluent.

TL;DR: Analysis of culture media extracts showed that some of the inhibitors, particularly vanillin and furaldehyde, could be assimilated by the tested microbial strains which resulted in the partial recovery in both growth and ethanol production processes on prolonged incubation.

TL;DR: Fructooligosaccharides from sucrose, new alternative sweeteners, possess a number of desirable characteristics such as low calories, no cariogenicity, safety for diabetics, and bifidus-stimulating functionality as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: This review attempts to provide an updated compilation of studies reported in the literature pertaining to reactors containing lipases in immobilized forms, in a way that helps the reader direct a bibliographic search and develop an integrated perspective of the subject.

TL;DR: Addition of melanin to the growth medium reduced the toxic effect of CuSO4 and TBTC due to melanin metal binding and sequestration.

TL;DR: This review briefly surveys various classes of biologically active and flavor peptides that have been isolated and characterized in recent years, and analyzes emerging trends and advances in biotechnological methods for their production.

TL;DR: In this paper, the inhibitory effects of the accumulation of volatile and nonvolatile compounds released during stream pretreatment on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation were studied and it was shown that the volatile compounds did not affect either the enzyme or fermentation significantly even at high concentrations.

TL;DR: A bacterial strain that produced extracellular phytase was isolated from soil near the roots of the leguminous plants and identified to be a genus of Enterobacter sp.

TL;DR: In this article, the rate of p-nitrophenyl palmitate (pNPP) hydrolysis in n-heptane by a lipase preparation from Pseudomonas cepacia was studied.

TL;DR: A newly isolated strain, TIT-90076, which produces β-fructofuranosidase (FFase, EC 3.2.1.26), with a high transfructosylating activity was identified as Aspergillus japonicus, and sucrose is the best carbon source and yeast extract the best nitrogen source for enzyme production.

TL;DR: In this paper, a synthetic wastewater composed of dilute molasses, urea, KH2PO4, and various concentrations of salt (1-5% NaCl) was treated under aerobic conditions in a biological reactor by fedbatch operation.

TL;DR: Nine commercial enzymatic preparations have been tested for their ability to release ferulic acid, rhamnose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid from sugar-beet pulp and SP 584, SP 585, and SP 342 from Novo Nordisk gave the highest release.

TL;DR: Genetic and enzyme engineering studies are promising in terms of enhancing conformational stability, but are likely to require case-by-case knowledge of the enzyme concerned, and stability enhancements achieved so far are relatively small.

TL;DR: Improvements in the efficiency of mixing and disruption of intra- and intermolecular substrate molecule interactions at high concentrations are possible explanations for the changes observed.

TL;DR: In this article, the swelling behavior of polyvinyl alcohol cryogels in pure water and in solutions of certain compounds (salts, amino acids, and glucose) was studied to elucidate the osmotic properties of the cryogel during long-term exposure to aqueous media.

TL;DR: Culture conditions, such as the addition of lysozyme, temperature, pH, impeller type, agitation speed, and aeration rate, were found to be major factors affecting the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid as well as its production.

TL;DR: A Ca2+/ethanol selective precipitation procedure is used to produce a range of phosphopeptides from an alcalase digest of whole casein, which were truncated relative to those which are released by trypsin and contained a number of homologous peptides of varying lengths.

TL;DR: According to the results, the hydrolytic lipase activity may be of little value in predicting the synthetic activity, and in extreme cases, a lipase may exhibit no synthetic activity while possessing a high Hydrolytic activity.

TL;DR: Xylanase obtained by the submersed fermentation of Thermomyces lanuginosus, a strain classified in the German type culture collection under the number DSM 5826, was purified to homogeneity by a combination of chromatographic methods and characterized and contains only one cysteine residue, important for the xylanase activity.

TL;DR: It has been demonstrated that a l (+)-lactic acid concentration as high as 162 g l −1 can be obtained from barley starch in a relatively short processing time of less than 48 h with a balanced simultaneous liquefaction, saccharification, and fermentation.

TL;DR: Hydrophobicity of proteins was better exploited in P EGPO4 systems than in PEG/dextran ones as a much higher resolution (R) is obtained in the former.

TL;DR: The growth kinetics of the sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio desulfuricans Essex 6 was investigated under various conditions for potential use in a microbial fuel cell that recovers electrons generated from the reduction of sulfate to hydrogen sulfide.

TL;DR: A simple design for continuous filtration of cells and other particles in a one MHz ultrasonic standing wave field using suspensions of yeast cells, achieving filtering efficiencies of greater than 99% and a robust filter which works over a wide range of conditions.

TL;DR: The fatty acid specificity of lipase from Candida rugosa during the esterification of saturated fatty acids and sulcatol in toluene has been studied and found that in reactions inhibited by alcohol the true Ping-Pong parameters can be significantly different from the apparent ones.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of ultrasound on the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction by sucrose under mild ultrasound irradiation was carried out in a 400 cm3 bioreactor with a polyethylene film bottom, and the effects were measured as a function of pH values, sucrose concentrations, and sound intensities.

TL;DR: Stable lactic acid production was possible with a productivity of more than 2.7 g l−1h−1 by L. casei cells immobilized in chitosan-coated Ba-alginate capsules.

TL;DR: Carrot hairy roots have shown vigorous growth and extensive lateral root branching in the absence of phytohormone and peroxidase synthesis could be increased using elicitors such as yeast extract, V 2 O 5 , and Hg 2 Cl 2 , which are known to induce the synthesis of PAL.

TL;DR: The porcine pancreatic lipase adsorbed on Celite was found to be the most effective biocatalyst tested and high activity and excellent selectivity toward the formation of intermediate acylglycerols were achieved.