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Showing papers in "Enzyme and Microbial Technology in 2008"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of hemicellulose and lignin on cellulose conversion into glucose was investigated using a commercial cellulase concentrate (Celluclast 1.5L) in an enzyme/substrate ratio of 45 FPU/g, 2% (w/v) substrate concentration, 45°C for 96h.

315 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Laccases are versatile phenol-oxidizing enzymes obtained from white-rot fungi and other natural sources; when acting on lignin, they can display both ligninolytic and polymerizing (cross-linking) abilities as mentioned in this paper.

312 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The utilisation of hemicellulosic-derived sugars as a fermentation substrate would improve the overall bioconversion of sunflower stalks into fuel ethanol.

219 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an organosolv pretreated material produced at 195°C, 5min, pH 2.0 and acetone:water 1:1 of ratio resulted in 99.5% of ethanol yield.

180 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A fungal isolate, Coniochaeta ligniaria NRRL30616, metabolizes furfural and 5hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) as well as aromatic and aliphatic acids and aldehydes as mentioned in this paper.

153 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The grafting of laccase polymerized oligomersic phenolic structures onto the fibre surface might be partially responsible of the enhanced antibacterial activity displayed by LASP handsheet paper versus the paper treated only with monomeric phenols.

143 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For bleached kraft pulp as well as organosolv-pretreated Pinus radiata chips, the ethanol yields by SSF using the IR2-9a strain were higher than those obtained using the control yeast.

131 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Expressing a Pichia stipitis gene encoding a sugar transporter, SUT1, in a xylose-assimilating S. cerevisiae strain increased bothxylose uptake ability and ethanol productivity during xylosedehydrogenase and xylulokinase and glucose uptake ability during glucose fermentation also increased by expressing of Sut1.

121 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A nitrogen analyzer was used to directly estimate the amount of enzyme adsorbed on biomass solids, rather than relying on the difference between initial and final dissolved protein as typically practiced, and revealed that sugars and especially cellobiose strongly inhibit cellulase binding, and cellulases binding was completely shut down at cellobioses concentrations greater than 150 g/L.

118 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of different dielectric techniques that have been used for measuring cell viability and their utility is given in this article, where the changes that occur in the cell dielectrics during apoptotic and different forms of traumatic cell death are discussed and interpreted in terms of the main parameters involved (membrane capacitance and conductance and internal conductivity).

117 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The advancements made in PGA biotechnology are described and its simulation for production of β-lactam antibiotics is advocated.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Data confirm the high thermostability of crude β-glucosidase from A. pullulans ER-16, which was strongly inhibited by glucose, but ethanol significantly increased the activity of the enzyme from T. aurantiascus.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a mill evaluation of Eucalyptus grandis wood chips biotreated by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora on a 50-tonne pilot-plant demonstrated that equivalent energy savings can be obtained in lab-and mill-scale biopulping.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the synergy between three groups of cellulolytic enzymes, 20 mixtures of different mole percentage of Humicola insolens Cel45A (EG V) and Cel6A (CBH II), and β-glucosidase was used to hydrolyze Avicel and phosphoric acid swollen cellulose/Avicel (PASC).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Activity and production of extracellular enzymes by saprotrophic litter-decomposing basidiomycetes Hypholoma fasciculare and Rhodocollybia butyracea was studied in microcosms with reconstructed L, O and Ah horizons of a soil profile of Quercus petraea forest soil.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A strain of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)-accumulating bacterium was isolated from the soil in Alaska of USA, identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens, and designated as strain A2a5, and determined as PHB by gas chromatographic and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of polyesters.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The T atroviride mutants produced high levels of extracellular cellulases as well as beta-glucosidase, rendering the need for beta- GLUCOSidase supplementation in hydrolysis of cellulose or pretreated willow unnecessary.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that enzymes are present in this organism that could theoretically produce ethanol from carbohydrates at high yield and is likely oxidized by a specific hydrogenase.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Testing here the incorporation of a high redox potential laccase from Trametes hirsuta in different types of conducting inks to produce dry printed enzyme electrode layers demonstrates that the dry printed layers maintained their enzymatic activity even after several months.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A thermostable endoglucanase was purified to homogeneity from culture supernatants of the wood-decaying fungus Daldinia eschscholzii and showed similarity to the sequences of the glucosyl hydrolase family 5.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To determine the efficacy and safety of CHM for PD when compared with placebo, no treatment, and other treatment, a review of 29 randomised controlled trials found improvements in pain relief and overall symptoms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was found that there existed reversible binding and irreversible binding of CBH I during its interaction with cellulose substrate and an inverse relationship in which an apparent decrease in the hydrolysis rate was observed with increasing surface density.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results show the potential of Droseraceae plants grown in vitro as a source of pharmaceutical material with valuable antimicrobial properties, including naphthoquinones and flavonoids.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the decomposition of H 2 O 2 by nanofibrous membrane-supported catalases is reported, where poly(acrylonitrile- co - N -vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PANCNVP) and polyacrylatitrile (PAN) blending with or without multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were electrospun into nanobrous membranes as enzyme immobilization matrixes and were carefully characterized.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The proposed complex media strategy to suit the metabolic characteristics of cell could be applied to other secondary metabolites production from higher fungus in large scale submerged culture.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of fungal pretreatment of sugarcane straw in the performance of the treated pulps was investigated, and the best conditions were 15 days with 250mg−kg−1 fungal mycelium per straw weight causing high lignin decomposition.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, five yeast strains isolated from agave juice were studied for their fermentative and aromatic capacity and the results suggest that Kloeckera strains were affected by nutritional limitation and/or toxic compounds present in agave juices.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results indicate that this enzyme can be used to enhance total hydrolysis, especially in cases when pretreatment of the lignocellulosic substrate is not optimal.

Journal ArticleDOI
Xianyun Sun1, Ziyong Liu1, Kai Zheng1, Xin Song1, Yinbo Qu1 
TL;DR: It can be concluded that the main cellulase genes of P. decumbens were transcribed at low basal levels, and it was revealed that basal and induced endoglucanases were encoded by different genes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a variety of enzymes were applied to plug screw compressed chips in order to improve enzyme access onto wood fibers, and the results were compared to biopulping with the white-rot fungus Physisporinus rivulosus.