Showing papers in "European Journal of Dentistry in 2010"
TL;DR: These measurements are difficult and the reliability of the result depends on a number of factors, such as presence of pain and temporomandibular disorders, gender, age, cranio-facial morphology, and occlusal factors.
Abstract: Maximum voluntary bite force is an indicator of the functional state of the masticatory system and the level of maximum bite force results from the combined action of the jaw elevator muscles modified by jaw biomechanics and reflex mechanisms. The measurement of bite force can provide useful data for the evaluation of jaw muscle function and activity. It is also an adjunctive value in assessing the performance of dentures. Technological advances in signal detection and processing have improved the quality of the information extracted from bite force measurements. However, these measurements are difficult and the reliability of the result depends on a number of factors, such as presence of pain and temporomandibular disorders, gender, age, cranio-facial morphology, and occlusal factors. In addition to these physiological factors, recording devices and techniques are important factors in bite force measurement. Therefore, one should be careful when comparing the bite force values reported in the research.
305 citations
TL;DR: Examining potential mechanisms of probiotic bacteria in the oral cavity and summarize observed effects of probiotics with respect to oral health focuses on probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, genera that are most used in various probiotic products.
Abstract: The number of products containing probiotics, viable bacteria with proven health benefits, entering the market is increasing. Traditionally, probiotics have been associated with gut health, and most clinical interest has been focused on their use for prevention or treatment of gastrointestinal infections and diseases; however, during the last decade several investigators have also suggested the use of probiotics for oral health purposes. The aim of this review is to examine potential mechanisms of probiotic bacteria in the oral cavity and summarize observed effects of probiotics with respect to oral health. The review focuses on probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, genera that are most used in various probiotic products.
185 citations
TL;DR: Gender and age do not affect the prevalence of caries on teeth sites, and more caries are experienced in younger age groups, and their incidence decreases as age increases, except for individuals older than 65 years of age.
Abstract: Objectives:
The objectives of the present study were to assess the prevalence rate of caries on individual permanent tooth surfaces, and to compare individual tooth surface caries rates among gender and age groups.
148 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the prevalence of the dmft-DMFT indexes and the oral hygiene status of 136 individuals attending a special school for the disabled were determined and evaluated by visually assessing the presence of plaque on teeth.
Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of the dmft-DMFT indexes and the oral hygiene status of 136 individuals attending a special school for the disabled. Methods: Participants were grouped according to disability [Mental Retardation (MR), Cerebral Palsy (CP), Autistic Disorder (AD), Down Syndrome (DS), Other (OTH)] and age [2-6 years (n=24), 7-12 years (50 children) and 13+ years (62 children]. Caries examinations were carried out in accordance with WHO criteria and oral cleanliness was evaluated by visually assessing the presence of plaque on teeth. Results: The age range of patients was 2-26 years (mean age: 11.89±5.19 years). Mean dmft and DMFT scores by age group were as follows: 2-6 years: dmft=2.04±2.24; 7-12 years: dmft=2.24±2.60, DMFT=0.98±2.58; 13+years: DMFT=2.68±2.91. Overall, 15.4% of children had no caries or fillings. While dmft and DMFT levels (P>.05) did not vary significantly by type of disability, oral cleanliness did. Children with autism were observed to maintain the best oral hygiene and those with mental retardation (MR), the poorest. Conclusions: It is important for the dentist to concentrate on a preventive approach and provide proper dental education to parents of disabled individuals. Among the children with disabilities, more attention should be paid to the oral hygiene of MR group. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:361-366)
136 citations
TL;DR: The anatomical relationship between the maxillary sinus floor and root tip was longest for the first premolar root tip and shortest for the second molar buccodistal root tip for both right and left sides.
Abstract: Objectives:
The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between the maxillary sinus floor and the maxillary posterior teeth root tips using dental cone-beam CT.
134 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is important for the dentist to concentrate on a preventive approach and provide proper dental education to parents of disabled individuals and more attention should be paid to the oral hygiene of MR group.
Abstract: Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of the dmft-DMFT indexes and the oral hygiene status of 136 individuals attending a special school for the disabled. Methods Participants were grouped according to disability [Mental Retardation (MR), Cerebral Palsy (CP), Autistic Disorder (AD), Down Syndrome (DS), Other (OTH)] and age [2-6 years (n=24), 7-12 years (50 children) and 13+ years (62 children]. Caries examinations were carried out in accordance with WHO criteria and oral cleanliness was evaluated by visually assessing the presence of plaque on teeth. Results The age range of patients was 2-26 years (mean age: 11.89±5.19 years). Mean dmft and DMFT scores by age group were as follows: 2-6 years: dmft=2.04±2.24; 7-12 years: dmft=2.24±2.60, DMFT=0.98±2.58; 13+years: DMFT=2.68±2.91. Overall, 15.4% of children had no caries or fillings. While dmft and DMFT levels (P>.05) did not vary significantly by type of disability, oral cleanliness did. Children with autism were observed to maintain the best oral hygiene and those with mental retardation (MR), the poorest. Conclusions It is important for the dentist to concentrate on a preventive approach and provide proper dental education to parents of disabled individuals. Among the children with disabilities, more attention should be paid to the oral hygiene of MR group.
126 citations
TL;DR: Hyperdontia, root dilaceration, peg-shaped laterals (microdontian), and hypodontia were more frequent compared to other dental anomalies of size and shape and may be the cause of various dental problems.
Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of developmental dental anomalies in the Indian population. Methods: This prospective study was conducted over a period of 1 year and comprised both clinical and radiographic examinations in oral medicine and radiology outpatient department. Adult patients were screened for the presence of dental anomalies with appropriate radiographs. A comprehensive clinical examination was performed to detect hyperdontia, talon cusp, fused teeth, gemination, concrescence, hypodontia, dens invaginatus, dens evaginatus, macro- and microdontia and taurodontism. Patients with syndromes were not included in the study. Results: Of the 20,182 patients screened, 350 had dental anomalies. Of these, 57.43% of anomalies occurred in male patients and 42.57% occurred in females. Hyperdontia, root dilaceration, pegshaped laterals (microdontia), and hypodontia were more frequent compared to other dental anomalies of size and shape. Conclusions: Dental anomalies are clinically evident abnormalities. They may be the cause of various dental problems. Careful observation and appropriate investigations are required to diagnose the condition and institute treatment. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:263-269)
118 citations
TL;DR: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that the double-centrifugation protocol resulted in higher platelet concentrations than did the single-centrevation protocol, but was more sensitive to small processing errors.
Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the quantity and quality of platelets in platelet- rich plasma (PRP) samples prepared using either the single- or the double-centrifugation protocol. Methods: Ten adult white New Zealand rabbits were used. Ten ml of blood were drawn from each animal via cardiac puncture. Each blood sample was divided into two equal parts for PRP preparation: 5 ml of blood were centrifuged according to a single-centrifugation protocol (Group I), and 5 ml were centrifuged according to a double-centrifugation protocol (Group II). Manual platelet counts were performed on the whole blood and PRP samples of each group. Smears were also done on all samples in order to see the morphology of the platelets. The data obtained in the manual platelet count were submitted to statistical analysis (repeated measures ANOVA, Tukey, P Results: The average whole blood platelet count was 446,389/μl. The PRP samples in Group II presented an average platelet amount significantly higher than that of Group I (1,986,875 ± 685,020/μl and 781,875 ± 217,693/μl, respectively). The PRP smears from Group II were the only one to present platelets with altered morphology (75% of the smears). A few lymphocytes with increased cytoplasm were observed in the PRP smears of both Groups I (25% of the smears) and II (62.5% of the smears). Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that the double-centrifugation protocol resulted in higher platelet concentrations than did the single-centrifugation protocol. However, the double-centrifugation protocol caused alterations in platelet morphology and was more sensitive to small processing errors. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:395-402)
96 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that nanofill (Grandio) and posterior composite (Quixfil) demonstrated acceptable clinical performance after two years, however, further evaluations are necessary for the long-term clinical performance of these materials.
Abstract: Clinical Relevance Nanohybrid and low-shrinkage posterior resin composites, placed with self-etch adhesive systems in posterior teeth, showed satisfactory and similar results after two years.
78 citations
TL;DR: Three in-office bleaching agents had no significant color changes on two composites and surface roughness significantly changed with bleaching, but the degree varied according to composite shade and bleaching agent.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine color changes and surface roughness of composites when they were subjected to in-office bleaching METHODS 12 discs 15 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick were prepared from two shades (A2 & A4) of two composites, Durafil VS (DF) and TPH3 (TPH) Specimens were polished and stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37 degrees C before being subjected to bleaching, staining, and re-bleaching Each of the groups of specimens (DF-A2, DF-A4, TPH-A2 and TPH-A4) were subdivided into three subgroups (n=4) and bleached with Beyond, LumaWhite-Plus, and Opalescence-Boost Specimens were then stained by immersing them in a coffee solution for 48 hours at 37 degrees C, and then they were re-bleached Colorimetric measurements were performed at baseline, after bleaching, after staining, and after re-bleaching Surface roughness was determined with environmental SEM before and after bleaching Data were statistically-analyzed RESULTS None of the bleaching systems notably changed the color of composites (delta-E<2) Coffee staining affected DF specimens more than TPH Stained specimens showed variable responses to whitening with no significant color change observed with TPH (delta-E<2) and significant changes observed with DF Surface roughness significantly changed with bleaching, but the degree varied according to composite shade and bleaching agent CONCLUSIONS Three in-office bleaching agents had no significant color changes on two composites DF showed more color change than TPH when immersed in coffee Stained composites showed different degrees of whitening, with DF showing more response Bleaching may adversely affect the surface texture of composites Dentists should take into consideration that composite restorations may not respond to bleaching in the same way that natural teeth do
76 citations
TL;DR: Verrucous hyperplasia, verruCous keratosis, and verrucOUS carcinoma may not be distinguished clinically or may coexist, resulting in diagnostic difficulties.
Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of this clinical study was to identify a clinical and histopathological relationship between verrucous hyperplasia, verrucous keratosis, and verrucous carcinoma. Methods: We evaluated 12 patients who had developed oral verrucous carcinoma in the past 10 years in a follow-up study. In this study, the diagnostic criteria included clinical and histopathological features of the lesions. Each lesion was examined by a single oral pathologist. Results: All the patients were diagnosed with verrucous carcinoma following excisional biopsy. One patient was diagnosed with verrucous hyperplasia and another with verrucous keratosis in their initial histological findings. Mandibular, posterior alveolar crest, and retromolar trigone were the most affected sites (41.6%), followed by the buccal mucosa (16.6%), the palate (16.6%), the floor of the mouth (16.6%), and the lip (8.3%). No patients had evidence of recurrence after treatment. Conclusions: Verrucous hyperplasia, verrucous keratosis, and verrucous carcinoma may not be distinguished clinically or may coexist, resulting in diagnostic difficulties. It should be kept in mind that verrucous hyperplasia may also develop from leukoplakic lesions, and it may transform into verrucous carcinoma or squamous-cell carcinoma, acting as a potential precancerous lesion. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:202-207)
TL;DR: The results demonstrate a low prevalence of root-filled teeth and poor quality of coronal restorations and root fillings consistent with a high prevalence of apical periodontitis in a Turkish subpopulation.
Abstract: Objectives: To investigate the quality of root fillings and coronal restorations and their association with periapical status in an adult Turkish subpopulation. Methods: A total of 400 subjects were examined. Panoramic radiographs of all participants and additional periapical radiographs of affected teeth were processed. The frequency of root canal treatment and the periapical status of all root filled teeth were evaluated. The relationship between the radiographic quality of root fillings and coronal restorations was examined by chi-squared statistical analysis. Results: A total of 9460 teeth were examined. The total number of root filled teeth was 890 (9.39%), and 658 (73.9%) had apical periodontitis (AP). There was a significant correlation between the presence of periapical pathology and inadequate root canal fillings (P<.05). Presence of AP in root filled teeth was associated with inadequate adaptation of the filling (OR=1.097; P=0.54), and with poor radiographic quality of the coronal restoration (OR=0.91; P=0.70), and with poor radiographic quality of the filling restoration (OR=0.97; P=0.92). Only 24.5% of the root fillings were adequate. The highest percentage of root fillings was found in maxillary right first molars (6.9%). Conclusions: The results demonstrate a low prevalence of root-filled teeth and poor quality of coronal restorations and root fillings consistent with a high prevalence of apical periodontitis in a Turkish subpopulation. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:17-22)
TL;DR: Within the limitations of this short-term study, glass ionomer-based sealants were shown to have higher initial fluoride release as well as higher fluoride recharge capacity than other sealants.
Abstract: Objectives: Fluoride release/recharge properties of fissure sealants are important for their longterm inhibition of caries. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between fluoride release and recharge of pit-and-fissure sealants. Methods: Specimens were prepared from 5 different sealant materials: Fissurit F, a conventional resin; Fuji VII, a glass-ionomer cement (GIC); Fuji II LC, a resin-modified GIC; Ionosit, a polyacidmodified composite resin (PMRC); and Aelite Flo, a flowable composite resin. Specimens stored in a polyethylene test tube containing 5.0 ml ultrapure water. On day 21, specimens were exposed to 1.23% APF gel. Fluoride release was measured using a fluoride-specific ion electrode at 1-7, 14, 21, 22, 28, 35 and 42 days. Results: The glass-ionomer based sealants Fuji VII and Fuji II LC had significantly higher fluoride release than the other materials at all times tested (P<.05). Fluoride release of all materials tested increased following exposure to APF gel (P<.05). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this short-term study, glass ionomer-based sealants were shown to have higher initial fluoride release as well as higher fluoride recharge capacity than other sealants. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:245-250)
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It was shown that NF-κB was highly activated in subjects who had chronic periodontitis, compared to healthy controls, and can be useful in planning new treatment strategies for periodontal diseases.
Abstract: Objectives Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a member of the transcription factor family, and it plays a key role in coordinating the expression of genes in many chronic inflammatory diseases. This study investigated the cytoplasmic and nuclear activation of (NF-κB) and the cytoplasmic expression of inhibitor kappa B (IκB) in gingival tissues of subjects who had chronic periodontitis. Methods Thirty-five patients were included in this study; 17 patients had chronic periodontitis, and 18 were healthy. Gingival tissues were obtained from each individual and then stained immunohistochemically. The obtained sections were examined under a stereomicroscope, and the numerical density values of the stained cells were computed using the stereologic method. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a multiple range least significant difference (LSD) were used for intergroup comparisons (P=0.05). Results According to the immunohistochemical analysis of the cytoplasmic positive cells stained with IκB, statistically significant differences were found between the case and control groups. When comparing the cytoplasmic and nuclear positive immunoreactivity of p50 and p65, statistically significant differences were found between the diseased and control groups. Statistically significant correlations were also found between the clinical periodontal scores and the immunohistochemical results of the diseased subjects. Conclusions It was shown that NF-κB was highly activated in subjects who had chronic periodontitis, compared to healthy controls. The findings of this study can be useful in planning new treatment strategies for periodontal diseases. Further investigations are needed to understand more about the signaling mechanisms of inflammatory mediators and their interactions with NF-κB in chronic periodontitis.
TL;DR: Superficial dentin showed the highest microtensile bond strength values, which differed statistically from those obtained in the deep dentin, irrespective of the adhesive system used.
Abstract: Objectives To evaluate the effect of different bonding strategies on the microtensile bond strength to deep and superficial permanent dentin. Methods Forty-eight teeth were randomly flattened according to the dentin depth: superficial dentin (SD) and deep dentin (DD). Subsequently, three adhesive systems were applied (n=8): an etch-and-rinse (Adper Single Bond 2 - SB), a "mild" two-step self-etching (Clearfil SE Bond - SE) and a one-step self-etching adhesive system (Futurabond - FB). Each specimen was restored with a composite resin and sectioned into 1.0-mm(2) thick slabs. After 24 hours, resin-dentin sticks were submitted to tensile stress in a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min). Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at a level of 0.05%. Results Superficial dentin showed the highest microtensile bond strength values, which differed statistically from those obtained in the deep dentin, irrespective of the adhesive system used. FB yielded the highest bond strength values, which were statistically similar to the bond strength values of SE, but statistically different from those obtained when the SB adhesive was used. Conclusions Bond strength obtained in superficial dentin was significantly higher than in deep dentin, for all adhesive systems tested. Adhesion was affected by the different bonding strategies: the one-step, low pH, acetone-based self-etching adhesive promoted the higher bond strength values, which were statistically similar to those obtained with the two-step, water-based self-etching adhesive.
TL;DR: Differences in transmittance among the restorative materials significantly influenced cement DC and flexural strength, regardless of the activation mode, as well as the microhardness of the resin cement tested in light-cure mode.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES To verify the effect of interposing different indirect restorative materials on degree of conversion (DC), hardness, and flexural strength of a dual-cure resin cement. METHODS Discs (2 mm-thick, n=5) of four indirect restorative materials were manufactured: a layered glass-ceramic (GC); a heat-pressed lithium disilicate-based glass-ceramic veneered with the layered glass-ceramic (LD); a micro-hybrid (MH); and a micro-filled (MF) indirect composite resin. The light transmittance of these materials was determined using a double-beam spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere. Bar-shaped specimens of a dual-cure resin cement (Nexus 2/SDS Kerr), with (dual-cure mode) and without the catalyst paste (light-cure mode), were photoactivated through the discs using either a quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH) or a light-emitting diode (LED) unit. As a control, specimens were photoactivated without the interposed discs. Specimens were stored at 37 masculineC for 24h before being submitted to FT-Raman spectrometry (n=3), Knoop microhardness (n=6) and three-point bending (n=6) tests. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey's test (alpha=0.05). RESULTS MH presented the highest transmittance. The DC was lower in light-cure mode than in dual-cure mode. All restorative materials reduced the cement microhardness in light-cure mode. GC and LD with QTH and GC with LED decreased the strength of the cement for both activation modes compared to the controls. Curing units did not affect DC or microhardness, except when the dual-cure cement was photoactivated through LD (LED>QTH). Flexural strength was higher with QTH compared to LED. CONCLUSIONS Differences in transmittance among the restorative materials significantly influenced cement DC and flexural strength, regardless of the activation mode, as well as the microhardness of the resin cement tested in light-cure mode. Microhardness was not impaired by the interposed materials when the resin cement was used in dual-cure mode.
TL;DR: After 2 years, the absence of periradicular radiolucent lesions, pain, and swelling along with functional tooth stability indicated a successful outcome of sealing perforations in two cases of furcal perforation using MTA in molar teeth.
Abstract: Furcal perforation is usually an undesired complication that can occur during preparation of endodontic access cavities or exploring canal orifice of multirooted teeth. Inadequacy of the repair materials has been a contributing factor to the poor outcome of repair procedures. On the basis of the recent physical and biologic property studies of the relatively new introduced mineral trioxide aggregate, this material may be suitable for closing the communication between the pulp chamber and the underlying periodontal tissues. There are few reports on repair of furcal perforation with MTA in molar teeth. The purpose of this case report was to describe the treatment of two furcal perforation using MTA in molar teeth. The perforations were cleaned with NaOCl and saline solution and sealed with MTA without internal matrix. Finally, the teeth were endodontically treated and coronally restored with composite resin and ceramic veneer crown and bridge. After 2 years, the absence of periradicular radiolucent lesions, pain, and swelling along with functional tooth stability indicated a successful outcome of sealing perforations in two cases.
TL;DR: The effect of delayed finishing/polishing on surface roughness, gloss and hardness appears to be material dependent.
Abstract: Objectives:
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of delayed finishing/polishing on the surface roughness, hardness and gloss of tooth-coloured restorative materials.
TL;DR: It was determined that blood contamination impaired adhesion to enamel and dentine when it occurred after bond light curing, and the rinse-and-dry treatment produced the highest bond strength with BC after SES application, but it was not sufficient to recover the BS in the contamination-free group.
Abstract: Objectives To detect the influence of blood contamination (BC) on the bond strength (BS) of a self-etching bonding system (SES) to enamel and dentine. Methods 25 human molars were longitudinally sectioned on the mesio-distal axis in order to obtain 50 specimens, which were embedded in acrylic resin. At first, the specimens were ground to expose a flat surface of enamel, and a bond strength test was performed. Afterwards, the samples were ground again in order to obtain a flat surface of dentine. Ten groups (total: n=100) were assigned according to substrate (enamel and dentine), step in the bonding sequence when contamination occurred (before the acidic primer and after the bonding resin), and contamination treatment (dry or rinse and dry procedure). Fresh human blood was introduced either before or after SES application (Clearfil SE Bond) and treated with air drying, or by rinsing and drying following application. Composite resin (Filtek Z-250,3M ESPE) was applied as inverted, truncated cured cones that were debonded in tension. Results The mean tensile BS values (MPa) for enamel/dentine were 19.4/23.0 and 17.1/10.0 for rinse-and-dry treatment (contamination before and after SES, respectively); while the measurements for the dry treatment, 16.2/23.3 and 0.0/0.0 contamination before and after SES, respectively. Conclusions It was determined that blood contamination impaired adhesion to enamel and dentine when it occurred after bond light curing. Among the tested contamination treatments, the rinse-and-dry treatment produced the highest bond strength with BC after SES application, but it was not sufficient to recover the BS in the contamination-free group.
TL;DR: Thermoplasticized gutta-percha filling techniques (Groups 1 and 2) are better for filling lateral canal with gutta -percha and sealer or with just sealer than lateral condensation (Group 3).
Abstract: OBJECTIVES The purpose of this in vitro quantitative laboratorial study is to compare the ability of three filling techniques to fill simulated lateral canals. METHODS Thirty extracted, single-rooted human teeth were used. After cleaning and shaping, three lateral canals were created, one in each third. The teeth were randomly separated into three groups: continuous wave of condensation (Group 1); thermomechanical compaction (Group 2); and lateral condensation (Group 3). The teeth were cross-sectioned, making the cut through points over the lateral canals; thus, 90 specimens were obtained. Each specimen was immersed in a polyester resin, and the blocks were polished. Images were obtained using a stereoscopic lens (40x). Radiographic analysis was performed, followed by a filling linear measure using the Image Tool 3.0 program (University of Texas). Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 12.0 for Windows (Kruskal-Wallis test). RESULTS A greater number of simulated lateral canals were obturated in Groups 1 and 2. Group 2 presented the largest percentage of linear measure of lateral canals filling with gutta-percha and sealer. No statistical differences were found between Group 1 and Group 2 when we analyzed the filling with gutta-percha and sealer or just sealer (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS Thermoplasticized gutta-percha filling techniques (Groups 1 and 2) are better for filling lateral canal with gutta-percha and sealer or with just sealer than lateral condensation (Group 3).
TL;DR: 3 cases of PGCG that presented at the same location of the edentulous mandible of patients that using complete denture for over ten years are presented.
Abstract: The peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a rare reactive exophytic lesion taking place on the gingiva and alveolar ridge usually as a result of local irritating factors such as trauma, tooth extraction, badly finished fillings, unstable dental prosthesis, plaque, calculus, chronic infections, and impacted food. This article presents 3 cases of PGCG that presented at the same location of the edentulous mandible of patients that using complete denture for over ten years.
TL;DR: Since the oral rehabilitation of these cases is often difficult; particularly in pediatric patients, treatment should be administered by a multidisciplinary team involving pediatric dentistry, orthodontics, prosthodontics and oral-maxillofacial surgery.
Abstract: Ectodermal dysplasia is a hereditary disorder that occurs as a consequence of disturbances in the ectoderm of the developing embryo. The triad of nail dystrophy, alopecia or hypotrichosis and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis is usually accompanied by a lack of sweat glands and a partial or complete absence of primary and/or permanent dentition. Two case reports illustrating the prosthetic rehabilitation of 2 young boys with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia associated with severe anodontia are presented. Since the oral rehabilitation of these cases is often difficult; particularly in pediatric patients, treatment should be administered by a multidisciplinary team involving pediatric dentistry, orthodontics, prosthodontics and oral-maxillofacial surgery.
TL;DR: Efficiency of the curing unit and applying the recommended curing time of the light activated resin based dental materials is very important to protect the patient from potential hazards of residual monomers.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES To measure the release of TEGDMA and BisGMA from two commercially available composite resins; Filtek Z 250 (3M ESPE, Germany), Leaddent (Leaddent, Germany) and two fissure sealants; Helioseal F (3M ESPE, Germany) Enamel Loc (Premiere Rev, USA) over 1, 3 and 7 days after polymerization with standard quartz-tungsten halogen Coltolux II (QHL) (Coltene Switzerland) and a standard blue light emitting diode Elipar Freelight 2 (3M ESPE, Germany). METHODS 9 samples of each material were placed in disc shaped specimens in 1 mm of thickness and 10 mm in diameter (n=36). Each material was polymerized using LED for 20 s (n=12), 40 s (n=12) and halogen for 40 s (n=12), respectively. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure the amount of monomers released over 1, 3 and 7 days. Data was analyzed using one way ANOVA and Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons with a significance level of .05. RESULTS LED 20 sec group showed the highest release of monomers at 1, 3 and 7 days in sealant groups. Halogen 40 sec group resulted highest release of monomers for Leaddent at all time intervals (P<.05) CONCLUSIONS Efficiency of the curing unit and applying the recommended curing time of the light activated resin based dental materials is very important to protect the patient from potential hazards of residual monomers.
TL;DR: The majority of the children in the authors' study required no or little treatment; 20.1% had definite malocclusion requiring definite orthodontic treatment, and 0.5% had DAI scores ≥ 36 with handicapping maloc inclusion requiring mandatory treatment.
Abstract: Objectives:
To assess the severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12- to 15-year-old school children of Davangere District, India, by using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI).
TL;DR: The results show that finger pressure varies by dentist, for this reason, the optimum pressure should be determined exactly.
Abstract: Objectives:
To compare the finger pressure applied by dentists during cementation and to examine the effect of gender and time of day on finger pressure.
TL;DR: In this article, the microhardness of five different resin composites at different irradiation distances (2 mm and 9 mm) by using three light curing units (quartz tungsten halogen, light emitting diodes and plasma arc) was compared.
Abstract: Objectives:
The aim of this study was to compare the microhardness of five different resin composites at different irradiation distances (2 mm and 9 mm) by using three light curing units (quartz tungsten halogen, light emitting diodes and plasma arc).
TL;DR: Two patients with soft palate defect and subsequent velopharyngeal insufficiency were rehabilitated using pharyngeAL obturator prostheses which had different retention mechanisms.
Abstract: Pharyngeal obturator prostheses restore the congenital or acquired defects of the soft palate and allow adequate closure of palatopharyngeal sphincter. Two patients with soft palate defect and subsequent velopharyngeal insufficiency were rehabilitated using pharyngeal obturator prostheses which had different retention mechanisms. Since it is necessary for swallowing and intelligible speech, the patients were examined in terms of adequate velopharyngeal closure after prosthetic treatment. The results were satisfying for both the patients and physicians.
TL;DR: Colour changes were found to be within accepted values of perceptibility and clinical acceptance after accelerated aging, and no statistically significant differences were found in ΔL*, Δa*, Δb* and ΔE among the materials tested.
Abstract: Objectives To investigate the colour stability of four indirect composite restorative materials after accelerated aging. Methods Four indirect composites (Gradia, Signum+, HFO and Adoro) were used. For each material, six specimens were prepared and subjected to accelerated aging (Suntest CPS+, Atlas, Chicago, IL, USA) according to ISO 7491. A Dr. Lange Microcolor Data Station colorimeter (Braive Instruments, Liege, Belgium) was used to measure specimen colour before and after aging. Measurements were performed according to the CIE L*a*b* system, and the mean L*, a* and b* values for each material were calculated. The equation DeltaE = [(DeltaL*)2 + (Deltaa*)2 + (Deltab*)2](1/2) was used to measure the total colour change (DeltaE), where DeltaL*, Deltaa* and Deltab* are the differences in the respective values before and after aging. One-way ANOVA were used to determine statistically significant differences in DeltaL*, Deltaa*, Deltab* and DeltaE. Results No statistically significant differences were found in DeltaL*, Deltaa*, Deltab* and DeltaE among the materials tested (PDeltaL*=.063; PDeltaa*=.521; PDeltab*=.984 and PDeltaE=.408). After aging, Gradia specimens showed an increase in lightness (DeltaL*=0.36) and a green-yellow shift (Deltaa*=-1.18, Deltab*=0.6), while Signum+ specimens exhibited an increase in lightness (DeltaL*=0.5) and a green-blue shift (Deltaa*=-0.9, Deltab*=-0.45). HFO specimens exhibited an increase in lightness (DeltaL*=0.75) and a green-yellow shift (Deltaa*=-1.3, Deltab*=0.06), and Adoro specimens exhibited an increase in lightness (DeltaL*=2.07) and a green-yellow shift (Deltaa*=-1.3, Deltab*=0.68). Conclusions Colour changes were found to be within accepted values of perceptibility and clinical acceptance after accelerated aging, and no statistically significant differences were found in DeltaL*, Deltaa*, Deltab* and DeltaE among the materials tested.
TL;DR: Age estimation through evaluating OPGs was the most accurate in the first decade and the least in fourth decade, indicating that the accuracy of age estimation diminishes with age.
Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to conduct age estimates for dental patients using orthopantomographs (OPGs). The OPGs were selected by an independent author with respect to criteria and evaluated by two independent dentists. The results were compared to chronologic ages. The reliability of the estimates, concurrently made by the two independent dentists using OPGs, was also evaluated. Methods: In this retrospective study, the OPGs of 238 Turkish individuals of known chronological age, ranging from 1 to 60 years, were measured. Patients were then classified. Radiographs were evaluated by two independent dentists and age estimation was achieved according to the decades. Results: The truest age estimates made by the dentists were in the 1-10 years age range (89.6%), the most inaccurate age estimates were in the 41-50 years age range (41.7%). Results indicate that the accuracy of age estimation diminishes with age. Conclusions: Despite the variations related to the practitioners, in this study, there were no significant differences in age estimations between the two participant practitioners. Age estimation through evaluating OPGs was the most accurate in the first decade and the least in fourth decade. It can be concluded that OPGs are not adequate for accurate age estimation. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:389-394)
TL;DR: The studied parameters will assist and navigate clinicians to determine the anatomic proximity to the maxillary artery, and, minimize the risk of damaging the vessel.
Abstract: Objectives:
Mandibular osteotomies and resection of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis are the mostly performed surgical procedures in the infratemporal fossa, which is in close proximity with the main trunk of the maxillary artery (MA). It is imperative to avoid the trunk or branches of the maxillary artery, otherwise, massive intraoperative or postoperative hemorrhage may develop. The goal of the study was to investigate the position of the maxillary artery in the infratemporal fossa and the lingula of the mandible.