Showing papers in "European Journal of Pharmacology in 1998"

TL;DR: The data indicate that the biological activity of 2-Ara-Gl can be increased by related, endogenous 2-acyl-glycerols, which alone show no significant activity in any of the tests employed, suggesting that this effect ('entourage effect') may represent a novel route for molecular regulation of endogenous cannabinoid activity.

TL;DR: An understanding of the contribution of adenosine to pain processing is important for understanding how caffeine produces adjuvant analgesic properties in some situations, but might interfere with the optimal benefit to be derived from others.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that the capacity of corticosteroids to reduce edema or to prevent new blood vessel formation may be attributed, at least in part to the ability of these agents to abolish the expression of VEGF.

TL;DR: The results suggest that levetiracetam may offer an effective, broad-spectrum treatment of epileptic seizures in patients, with a minimum of adverse effects, as compared with existing antiepileptic drugs.

TL;DR: No shares with other toxic molecules such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha the unique ability to initiate and to block apoptosis, depending on multiple variables that are being elucidated, and will determine the role of NO in apoptotic cell death.

TL;DR: It is found that changes in head-dipping behavior in the hole-board test may reflect the anxiogenic and/or anxiolytic state of animals and this system can serve as a useful tool for evaluating the changes in various emotional states of animals.

TL;DR: Findings support the contention that cannabinoids regulate mesolimbic dopamine transmission and may help to explain the addictive properties of marijuana.

TL;DR: Subtypes of functional α1- and α2-adrenoceptors, belonging to the seven transmembrane spanning G-protein-linked family of receptors, which respond to the physiological agonists noradrenaline and adrenaline are discussed.

TL;DR: There is an increased effectiveness of modulation of thermal nociceptive thresholds by spinal cannabinoids during hyperalgesia, and this antihyperalgesic effect may be the result of cannabinoid-induced inhibition of neurosecretion from certain primary afferent fibers.

TL;DR: It is to be hoped that the various novel currently used or planned strategies for drug development produce more effective and safe anticonvulsants than previous strategies.

TL;DR: The two classification criteria recommended by Schild, namely the order of potency of agonists and the actual affinity of antagonists have been found to be applicable for receptor classification based not on data only from bioassays but also from other approaches (binding assays, molecular biology techniques).

TL;DR: It is indicated that neuropeptide FF constitutes a neuromodulatory neuronal system interacting with opioid systems, and should be taken into account as a participant of the homeostatic process controlling the transmission of nociceptive information.

TL;DR: Recombinant human 5-HT1A receptor-mediated G-protein activation was characterised in membranes of transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells by use of guanosine-5′-O-(3-[35 S ]thio)-triphosphate ([ 35 S ]GTPγS binding).

TL;DR: In isolated rat caudal artery segments, denuded of endothelium, melatonin potentiated phenylephrine-induced contractions in a concentration-dependent manner, but at higher melatonin concentrations the potentiating effect was attenuated.

TL;DR: The present results indicate that nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the ventral tegmental area are involved in the positive reinforcing effects of ethanol and could represent a new pharmacological treatment principle against alcohol abuse.

TL;DR: Little is known of, and more has to be done to identify, the neurochemical mechanisms underlying yawning at the central level, as this short overview of the literature on the neurochemistry of yawning shows.

TL;DR: Findings suggest involvement of both dopamine D1 and D2 receptor mechanisms in alcohol-seeking behavior in mice; however, these implicate D1 receptors as having a more important role in the motivation for alcohol consumption.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the interferon-induced psychiatric side effects arise through regulation of serotonin transporter transcription and that the transcriptional regulation of the serotonin transporter is a possible neurochemical mechanism of affective disorders.

TL;DR: A review of the complex nature of the acetylcholine system, the alterations of acetylCholinesterase and muscarinic receptor signal transduction in Alzheimer's disease, and the involvement of other neurotransmitters is focused on.

TL;DR: An infusion of 40 micromol of eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic Acid over a period of 30 min, modestly increased the threshold for localized seizure activity after 6 h by 73 +/- 13 microA, and the thresholds for generalized seizure activity by 125 +/- 20 and 130 +/- 19MicroA, respectively (P < 0.001).

TL;DR: Results indicate that stimulation of adenosine A3 receptors has potent anti-inflammatory effects and may represent a potential strategy in the treatment of septic shock and other inflammatory diseases.

TL;DR: In the rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy, drugs more selective for the inhibition of cyclo oxygengenase 1 attenuate inflammation over a wider time frame than cyclooxygenase 2-selective drugs, suggesting a significant role for cyclooxgen enzyme 1 in this model.

TL;DR: It is suggested that P-glycoprotein could be, at least in part, involved in the transport of erythromycin, but not of midazolam and ketoconazole, in the intestinal epithelia.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the negative effects of the latter on cognitive processes may be explained by its ability to reduce acetylcholine release in the medial-prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and cannabinoid receptor antagonists may offer potential treatments for cognitive deficits.

TL;DR: The results raise the possibility that leukotriene B4 is an endogenous itch mediator in the skin.

TL;DR: The authors' bioassay system employing intact human cells to assess the cyclooxygenase selectivity of NSAIDs may provide clinically useful information.

TL;DR: The results suggest that PCP may facilitate dopamine release in the medial prefrontal cortex, at least in part, by the inhibition of GABA release via the antagonism of NMDA receptors.

TL;DR: The human levocabastine-sensitive neurotensin NT2 receptor was cloned from a cortex cDNA library and stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells in order to study its binding and signalling characteristics and the unanticipated discovery that both molecules are potent agonists on neurotens in NT1 receptor.

TL;DR: The results suggest that somatodendritic 5-HT1A receptors offset the effect of fluoxetine in the frontal cortex but not (or to a lesser extent) in the dorsal hippocampus.

TL;DR: The inhibition of the p-chloroamphetamine-induced 5- HT syndrome in rats suggests that lamotrigine also inhibits 5-HT uptake in vivo, and this effects probably reflect an affinity for biogenic amine transporters.