Showing papers in "European Polymer Journal in 1982"

TL;DR: The effect of the chemical structure of these polymers on the type of the liquid-crystalline state was examined by means of optical and electron scanning microscopy, X-ray and DSC methods.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the photodegradation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films in the presence and in the absence of oxygen and showed that only one in every 100 photons absorbed induces the dehydrochlorination of PVC, with formation of polyenes, and the independence of φHCl on the irradiation time and on the initial amount of unsaturation in the polymer argues in favour of an alkene-photosensitized degradation process.

TL;DR: In this paper, the pyrolysis mechanism involves both initiation at the chain-ends and initiation by random scission, and the activation energies for scission and end-initiation for both types of sample were analyzed.

TL;DR: An improved pyolysis-GLC unit has been designed in which a micro-thermocouple is spotwelded to the pyrolysis filament, and the thermocouple output is used as a feedback signal to control the power supply to the filament.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of various factors upon the molecular weight of the polymer were studied, viz. the concentration of initiator, the procedure of aqueous phase addition, the nature and concentration of emulsifier, the salt concentration, the time between mixing of phases and start of polymerization etc.

TL;DR: In this article, an analytical expression appropriate to the crystallineamorphous polymer pair has been applied to explain the melting point depression in terms of thermodynamic quantities, and the interaction parameter for the mixture has been evaluated.

TL;DR: In this article, successive stages of the thermal decomposition of poly(vinylidene fluoride) during programmed heating, at low and high heating rates, in nitrogen, air and oxygen, were studied.

TL;DR: In this paper, phase-separation temperatures for polyacrylic acid dissolved in aqueous sodium chloride solutions over a range of ionic strengths, degrees of neutralisation, polymer concentrations and molecular weights were derived.

TL;DR: In terpolymer (ABS) and antimony (III) oxide and chlorinated paraffin in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) have been measured and fitted by fourth-order polynomials.

TL;DR: In this article, thermotropic, liquid crystalline polymers were synthesized, and their thermal properties and the characteristics of their mesophases were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, by use of a hot stage on a polarizing microscope, and by small-angle light scattering.

TL;DR: Several triarylsulphonium and diaryliodonium compounds have been synthesised and the ability of the compounds to sensitise the polymerisation of epoxy resins was found to be dependent upon the counterion (hexafluorophosphates being more efficient than tetrafluoroborates) and upon the structure of the cation as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The bulk polymerization of tetrahydrofuran (THF) intiated by methyl trillate or triflic anhydride leads to poly-THF's of polydispersity < 1.2 and possessing one or two oxonium chain ends as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In the case of [13C]-AIBN, the chemical shift associated with an end-group labelled with a particular isotope depends upon the nature of the attached monomer unit.

TL;DR: In this paper, the complexation of uranyl ion (UO 2 2+ ) in aqueous solution with polymers containing carboxylic acid groups was studied potentiometrically.

TL;DR: In this paper, a kinetic study of the gel free polymerization of the divinyl monomer N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide has been made using permanganate-oxalic acid system as redox initiator.

TL;DR: In this article, the reaction of living polystyrene with chloro-ended polystrene was studied to examine the kinetic excluded volume effect on the intermolecular reaction between reactive chain-ends of two monodisperse polymers.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the replacement of a metal compound by another in the presence of a suitable halogen compound has been investigated, and the results of a reasonably detailed study of the flame retardance conferred by several different compositions of a binary metal compound mixture have been obtained.

TL;DR: In this paper, a new band at 1770 cm−1 after alkali treatment of VC-CO copolymers containing acrylic acid groups is suggested as caused by the formation of butyrolactone structures.

TL;DR: In this paper, a model of layered structure rearrangement resulting from the substitution of the methacrylate main chain for the acrylate is proposed, and it has been shown that the perfection of a layered structure is reduced with shortening of the flexible tail of the mesogenic group.

TL;DR: In this article, a charge-transfer complex formed by the interaction of an aliphatic amine, such as n-butylamine (nBA), and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) initiates polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) at 30°.

TL;DR: In this article, the specific volume and the refractive index increment of polyvinylpyrrolidone were measured at temperatures from 25 to 35 at 3 wavelengths, viz. 436, 546 and 578 nm.

TL;DR: In this article, photo-initiator systems for the polymerization of acrylates, based on a mixture of an aryl ketone and an α,ω-diaminoalkane, have been investigated.

TL;DR: The electroinitiated polymerisation of methyl methacrylate containing sulphuric acid was found to be localised at the surface of a cathode of carbon fibre as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, a phase transfer catalysts for displacement reactions of solid potassium acetate and phenoxide on alkyl halides, and also in the reduction of ketones by sodium borohydride were examined.

TL;DR: In this paper, a new form of the four-variable equation for Tg is proposed for polydisperse branched polymers and compared with the experimental results on Tg and M averages.

TL;DR: In this paper, the dependence of viscosity on concentration for a series of binary mixtures of polymers differing in their chemical nature was compared with the peculiarities of their phase diagrams as well as with the concentration dependence of their thermodynamic interaction parameters.

TL;DR: In this article, the concentration of PMMA in chloroform, benzene, acetonitrile, chlorobutane (poor solvents), and acetitrile/chlorobutanes mixtures (cosolvent) was determined.

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of tensile stress on the rate of oxidative destruction of polydienes and polyolefins under the action of ozone has been found; an influence of molecular and submolecular parameters and macrochain segmental mobility on the kinetics of oxidation of polymers is discussed.

TL;DR: Gel permeation chromatography of water-soluble polymers, with special attention to polyelectrolytes, has been studied in this article, where a three-detector system (refractometry, conductimetry, viscometry) is used to characterize the polymers.

TL;DR: In this article, the interaction of sodium, potassium and caesium salts with poly(ethylene oxide) in nitromethane is considered as a model for solvation of alkali counterions with a heterochain polymer during the anionic polymerization of heterocycles.