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Showing papers in "Evidence-Based Nursing in 2012"


Journal ArticleDOI
Kate Seers1
TL;DR: There are some common threads that run across most of these common threads in the analysis of qualitative research, and this Research Made Simple piece will focus on some of them.
Abstract: Good qualitative research uses a systematic and rigorous approach that aims to answer questions concerned with what something is like (such as a patient experience), what people think or feel about something that has happened, and it may address why something has happened as it has. Qualitative data often takes the form of words or text and can include images. Qualitative research covers a very broad range of philosophical underpinnings and methodological approaches. Each has its own particular way of approaching all stages of the research process, including analysis, and has its own terms and techniques, but there are some common threads that run across most of these approaches. This Research Made Simple piece will focus on some of these common threads in the analysis of qualitative research. So you have collected all your qualitative data – you may have a pile of interview transcripts, field-notes, documents and …

8,922 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: What do you need to look for in qualitative research to show that the study is of high quality?
Abstract: Assessing whether the research we are reading is any good is often a challenge. If we are going to use a study's findings to change how we think and how we practice, we want to have confidence in the findings. What do you need to look for in qualitative research to show that the study is of high quality? The answer is not straightforward, even though there are many different criteria available for judging qualitative research – Dixon-Woods et al 1 reports there are over 100 proposals for identifying quality in qualitative research. Spencer et al 2 drew on 29 existing frameworks to produce …

107 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Kate Seers1
TL;DR: A qualitative synthesis (sometimes called a qualitative systematic review) systematically searches for research on a topic, and draws the findings from individual studies together.
Abstract: If you want to inform your practice with answers to questions such as ‘What is it like for people to suffer chronic pain?’ or ‘What are patients’ understanding and experience of hypertension and taking medication’1 or ‘What are older people's views about falling and taking part in a falls programme’2 then what might you do? You could read individual research papers, but often there are many papers and they can be difficult to track down and access. A qualitative synthesis (sometimes called a qualitative systematic review) systematically searches for research on a topic, and draws the findings from individual studies together. Although systematic …

66 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: Pillai RiddellRRRacineNMTurcotteK.
Abstract: Commentary on: RR Pillai Riddell, NM Racine, K Turcotte, et al.. Non-pharmacological management of infant and young child procedural pain.Cochrane Database Syst Rev2011;10:CD006275.

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Researchers aim to make the strongest possible conclusions from limited amounts of data, and statistical probability reveals whether the findings in a research study are statistically significant, meaning that the findings are unlikely to have occurred by chance.
Abstract: Researchers aim to make the strongest possible conclusions from limited amounts of data. To do this, they need to overcome two problems. First, important differences in the findings can be obscured by natural variability and experimental imprecision. Thus, it is difficult to distinguish real differences from random variability. Second, researchers' natural inclination is to conclude that differences are real, and to minimise the contribution of random variability. Statistical probability minimises this from happening.1 Statistical probability or p values reveal whether the findings in a research study are statistically significant, meaning that the findings are unlikely to have occurred by chance. To understand the p value …

16 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A large number of women in their 60s and 70s are diagnosed with depression and this condition is associated with functional disability, co-morbid medical conditions and social deprivation.
Abstract: Depression is approximately twice as prevalent among women compared with men and is associated with functional disability, co-morbid medical conditions and social deprivation.1 Longer life expectancy is leading to a growing ageing population …

16 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: Kendall-GallagherDAikenLHSloaneDM.
Abstract: Commentary on: D Kendall-Gallagher, LH Aiken, DM Sloane, et al.. Nurse specialty certification, inpatient mortality, and failure to rescue.J Nurs Scholarsh2011;43:188–94.

15 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: SpilsburyKHewittCStirkL.
Abstract: Commentary on: K Spilsbury, C Hewitt, L Stirk, et al.. The relationship between nurse staffing and quality of care in nursing homes: a systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud2011;48:732–50.

12 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Changes in BMI, duration of overweight and obesity, and glucose metabolism: 45 years of follow-up of a birth cohort, Diabetes Care 2011;34:1986–91.
Abstract: Commentary on: C Power, C Thomas Changes in BMI, duration of overweight and obesity, and glucose metabolism: 45 years of follow-up of a birth cohortDiabetes Care2011;34:1986–91

10 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Concerns about medication and medication adherence in patients with chronic pain recruited from general practice and research into medication use and adherence are raised.
Abstract: Commentary on: BA Rosser, LM McCracken, SC Velleman, et al.. Concerns about medication and medication adherence in patients with chronic pain recruited from general practice.Pain2011;152:1201–5.

9 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A CI is a numerical range used to indicate how reliably these results reflect the whole population and is considered a more useful measure than p values, which only reflect a level of statistical significance.
Abstract: When reading a research report, the range of the CI provides assurance (or confidence) regarding how precise the data are. CIs are calculated at a confidence level, for example 95%. This level is predetermined by the researcher. Confidence levels are usually calculated so that this percentage is 95% although others 90%, 99%, and 99.9% are sometimes applied. Researchers collect numerical data and then apply statistical tests. An example of a common statistical test applied by researchers is the mean which is then used to approximate the average for an entire population. CIs provide an indication of how reliably these results reflect the whole population. CIs are considered a more useful measure than p values, which only reflect a level of statistical significance.1(p values were discussed in a previous Research Made Simple paper.2) A CI is a numerical range used …

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In response to the need to enhance the quality of care, NICE have published new guidance ‘Patient experience in adult NHS services: improving the experience of care for people usingadult NHS services’ Guidance and Quality Standard.
Abstract: A good-patient experience has become a key component of good-quality care, reflecting a long tradition of research and policy initiatives.1–5 However, the quality and consistency of care still needs to be improved to ensure that patients have the best possible experience. The Government signalled in its White Paper ‘Equity and excellence: liberating the NHS’4 that greater focus needs to be placed on improving patients’ experience of NHS care. In response to the need to enhance the quality of care, NICE have published new guidance. The ‘Patient experience in adult NHS services: improving the experience of care for people using adult NHS services’ Guidance and Quality Standard (GQS) aims …

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: WatkinsCLWathanJVLeathleyMJ The 12-month effects of early motivational interviewing after acute stroke: a randomized controlled trial.
Abstract: Commentary on: CL Watkins, JV Wathan, MJ Leathley, et al.. The 12-month effects of early motivational interviewing after acute stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Stroke2011;42:1956–61.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: AkyolADYildirimYTokerE.
Abstract: Commentary on: AD Akyol, Y Yildirim, E Toker, et al.. The use of complementary and alternative medicine among chronic renal failure patients.J Clin Nurs2011;20:1035–43.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: Martinez-GomezDEisenmannJCHealyGN Sedentary behaviors and emerging cardiometabolic biomarkers in adolescents.
Abstract: Commentary on: D Martinez-Gomez, JC Eisenmann, GN Healy, et al.. Sedentary behaviors and emerging cardiometabolic biomarkers in adolescents.J Pediatr2012;160:104–10.e2.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption before and during pregnancy and the risks of low birthweight, preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA)-a systematic review and meta-analyses.
Abstract: Commentary on: J Patra, R Bakker, H Irving, et al.. Dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption before and during pregnancy and the risks of low birthweight, preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA)-a systematic review and meta-analyses. BJOG2011;118:1411–21.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: van der Ploeg HP, Chey T, Korda RJ, et al .
Abstract: Commentary on: van der Ploeg HP, Chey T, Korda RJ, et al . Sitting time and all-cause mortality risk in 222 497 Australian adults. Arch Intern Med 2012; 172 :494–500. Sedentary behaviour is defined by posture (sitting or lying) and low energy expenditure (<1.5 times the energy expenditure required for rest).1 The health effects of sedentary behaviour or sitting too much are not the same as the health effects of not getting enough moderate intensity physical activity. …

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Effects of lowsodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride, and cholesterol-and- triglyceride are compared.
Abstract: Commentary on: NA Graudal, T Hubeck-Graudal, G Jurgens. Effects of lowsodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Cochrane Database Syst Rev2011 Nov9;11:CD004022.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: HeiweSJacobsonSH.
Abstract: Commentary on: S Heiwe, SH Jacobson. Exercise training for adults with chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev2011;10:CD003236.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Mindfulness training reduces the severity of irritable bowel syndrome in women and results of a randomized controlled trial are published.
Abstract: Commentary on: SA Gaylord, OS Palsson, EL Garland, et al.. Mindfulness training reduces the severity of irritable bowel syndrome in women: results of a randomized controlled trial. Am J Gastroenterol2011;106:1678–88.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: OhHSSeoWS systematic review and meta-analysis of the correlates of cancer-related fatigue and Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2011.
Abstract: Commentary on: HS Oh, WS Seo. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the correlates of cancer-related fatigue.Worldviews Evid Based Nurs2011;8:191–201.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: ChangMJChangYJKuoSH Relationships between critical thinking ability and nursing competence in clinical nurses.
Abstract: Commentary on: MJ Chang, YJ Chang, SH Kuo, et al.. Relationships between critical thinking ability and nursing competence in clinical nurses. J Clin Nurs2011;20:3224–32.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma and its applications in women with high-risk pregnancies are described.
Abstract: Commentary on: V Aasheim, AB Nilsen, M Lukasse, et al.. Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma.Cochrane Database Syst Rev2011:CD006672.

Journal ArticleDOI
Marie Boltz1
TL;DR: Commentary on: EllisGWhiteheadMAO'NeillD.
Abstract: Commentary on: G Ellis, MA Whitehead, D O9Neill, et al.. Comprehensive geriatric assessment for older adults admitted to hospital.Cochrane Database Syst Rev2011;7:CD006211.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Perinatal outcomes after maternal 2009/H1N1 infection: national cohort study and a meta-analysis are published.
Abstract: Commentary on: M Pierce, JJ Kurinczuk, P Spark, et al.. Perinatal outcomes after maternal 2009/H1N1 infection: national cohort study.BMJ2011;342:d3214.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: KaarbøE.
Abstract: Commentary on: E Kaarbo. End-of-life care in two Norwegian nursing homes: family perceptions.J Clin Nurs2011;20:1125–32.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: SmithCALevettKMCollinsCT Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour.
Abstract: Commentary on: CA Smith, KM Levett, CT Collins, et al.. Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour.Cochrane Database Syst Rev2011;12:CD009514.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There is a significant and growing interest in understanding how knowledge, and more specifically research evidence, is applied to nursing practice.
Abstract: There is a significant and growing interest in understanding how knowledge, and more specifically research evidence, is applied to nursing practice.1 ‘Research utilisation is, at its simplest, the use of research to guide practice, and is particularly concerned with the use of research evidence – …

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Decisions about transferring nursing home residents to hospital are highlighted, highlighting the roles of advance care planning and support from local hospital and community health services.
Abstract: Commentary on: C Shanley, E Whitmore, D Conforti, et al.. Decisions about transferring nursing home residents to hospital: highlighting the roles of advance care planning and support from local hospital and community health services.J Clin Nurs2011;20:2897–906.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Commentary on: AppelLJClarkJMYehHC Comparative effectiveness of weight-loss interventions in clinical practice.
Abstract: Commentary on: LJ Appel, JM Clark, HC Yeh, et al.. Comparative effectiveness of weight-loss interventions in clinical practice.N Engl J Med2011;365:1959–68.