Showing papers in "Experimental Gerontology in 2019"

TL;DR: Older age, male gender, low BMI, decreased mini-nutritional assessment score, low serum albumin level, and high body fat were associated with a higher risk of sarcopenia, whereas higher CC reduced its risk.

TL;DR: Data revealed that exercise and probiotic treatment can decrease the progress of Alzheimer's Disease and the beneficial effects could be partly mediated by alteration of the microbiome.

TL;DR: DBCI may increase physical activity and physical functioning, and reduce sedentary time and systolic blood pressure in older adults, however more high‐quality studies are required.

TL;DR: The measurement of gait speed may improve the detection of prodromal dementia and cognitive impairment in individuals with and without initial cognitive deficits, and the potential applicability of such a measure in both clinical and research settings points at the importance of expanding knowledge about the common underlying mechanisms of cognitive and motor decline.

TL;DR: Findings that collectively add to elucidation of the gut-muscle axis in older adults suggest a role for gut bacteria on the maintenance of muscle strength, but argue against a role by transferring fecal samples from older adults into germ-free mice.

TL;DR: Nrf2 deficiency exacerbated frailty and sarcopenia during aging, at least partially by impairing skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics in an age‐dependent manner.

TL;DR: A core inflammatory profile was identified in people with PF&S with a gender-specific signature, which will provide novel insights into the role played by inflammation in the disabling cascade and allow designing personalized treatment strategies.

TL;DR: Although there is still much to learn regarding immunosenescence, systems-level studies of vaccine responses have been highly informative and will guide the development of new vaccine candidates, novel adjuvant formulations, and immunotherapeutic drugs to improve vaccine responses among the aging population.

TL;DR: It seems that multicomponent exercise intervention programs including resistance, gait and balance training is the best strategy for improving the frailty hallmarks, as well as for reducing the rate of falls in frail individuals, and so maintaining their functional capacity during aging.

TL;DR: The 2MWT, 6MWT and 10MeWT are reliable and valid measures in evaluating walking ability in frail older adults with dementia and the cueing system is feasible and reliable to facilitate the administration of the walk tests.

TL;DR: The findings indicate an effect of physical exercise on markers of neuroinflammation in CSF measured by an increase in sTREM2 in patients with AD, which may transfer to the central nervous system.

TL;DR: The aging regulating system reconciles the previously considered independent theories of aging bringing them together into a single unified theory of aging.

TL;DR: A short concurrent exercise program of muscle power and walking‐based HIIT training is a feasible and safe method to increase physical performance and improve function and frailty in elder (pre)frail patients.

TL;DR: It is supported that aging and age-related neurodegenerative conditions are associated with neuronal network changes, resulting in increased brain activity specifically in the PFC, and further studies are warranted to assess the relationship between increased PFC activation during dual task gait and balance and behavioral outcomes to better optimize the rehabilitation interventions.

TL;DR: Evidence suggests that gut microbiota is able to influence the skeletal muscle homeostasis via microbiota-dependent metabolites, thus representing the possible biological substratum for the sarcopenia onset.

TL;DR: Investigating the relationship between muscle capillarization and indices of muscle hypertrophy in older adults before and after progressive resistance exercise training (RET) found that an adequate initial capillary-to-fiber perimeter exchange index is critical to achieve a meaningful degree of muscle adaptation to RET.

TL;DR: It is indicated that short‐term stress tolerance does not predict long-term survival under relatively mild conditions and lifespan was equivalent between the sexes, suggesting a tradeoff between acute tolerance and long‐term survival.

TL;DR: Though prolonged RT can effectively increase muscle mass and strength in the older population, muscle mass gains are lost and muscle strength gains are only partly preserved within one year if the supervised exercise program is not continued.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that among persons with knee OA pain, NHBs have significantly greater MEP and lower functional level, despite similar levels of perceived stress is supported, and perceived stress had a stronger effect on MEP in NHBs, suggesting that perceived stress may more strongly influence pain with physical movement among NHB adults.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that, across mid‐older adulthood, MVPA related to better physical performance, but in adults ≥75 years, total steps walked associated with better gait speed.

TL;DR: The results indicate that schisandrol A is expected to be a potential drug for improving Parkinson's disease and may enhance the PI3K/AKT pathway, inhibit the IKK/IκBα/NF-κB pathway, reduce neuronal inflammation and oxidative stress, and enhance the survival of DA neurons in the brain of mice.

TL;DR: The rationale to support the use of myokines as biomarkers of frailty in older adults, a set of cytokines, small proteins and proteoglycan peptides that are synthetized, expressed and released by skeletal myocytes in response to muscular contractions is discussed.

TL;DR: The critical role of C/EBPβ in regulating OIS and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype is summarized and a unique 3'UTR-mediated mechanism that restrains its activity in tumor cells to facilitateSenescence bypass and suppression of the SASP is summarized.

TL;DR: An overview of the recent research progress regarding the function role of autophagy in AD, the regulation mechanisms of Autophagy‐lysosomal pathway as well as therapeutic potential of herbal medicine on AD by targeting autophapy is provided.

TL;DR: How monitoring the dynamics of metabolic profiles may provide a read-out of the environmental and clinical disturbances affecting cell homeostasis in frailty-associated conditions is discussed.

TL;DR: There is inconclusive evidence to support the superiority of fast-intended-velocity resistance training to improve functional capacity when compared to moderate-vel Velocity resistance training, and the results may be influenced by the lack of high-quality and pre-registered studies, high heterogeneity, and small-studies publication bias.

TL;DR: Studying in more detail the existence of senescence during embryogenesis opens the possibility of identifying human developmental syndromes caused by alterations in this response, and could offer new insights into the cause of human pathologies.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that continuous brain exposure of Pg‐LPS started sarcopenia and cardiac injury without enhancing cognitive impairment in AD model mice.

TL;DR: The results indicate that Res ameliorates 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis and motor dysfunction via activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, delaying the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms in this model.

TL;DR: Frail elderly, compared to their age- and sex-matched peers, endure a chronic and stable low-grade inflammation, which is associated with a myeloid cell lineage expansion, which could help to monitor clinically significant immunological decline in the elderly.