Showing papers in "FEBS Letters in 2014"

TL;DR: It is found that IBD has a consistent signature across studies and allows high classification accuracy of IBD from non‐IBD subjects, but that signatures of obesity are not consistent between studies even when the data are analyzed with consistent methods.

TL;DR: It is suggested that by deciphering the mechanical and biochemical signals controlling YAP/TAZ function, the current knowledge of how YAP and TAZ function as mechanosensors and mechanotransducers will be reviewed to gain insights into new strategies for cancer treatment and organ regeneration.

TL;DR: Multiple roles that tRNA fragments play in cell physiology are described and their relevance to human health and disease is discussed.

TL;DR: What has been learned about the major forces stabilizing proteins since the late 1980s when site‐directed mutagenesis became possible is summarized.

TL;DR: This review will examine the efficacy, toxicities, and clinical development of checkpoint blocking antibodies, including agents already approved by the US Food and Drug Administration or in development (anti‐PD‐1, PD‐L1) and future studies will likely uncover new promising immunologic checkpoints to target alone or in combination with other immunotherapeutic approaches, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and small molecules.

TL;DR: A variety of options are highlighted, including the use of changes in diet, prebiotics, antimicrobial‐based intervention, probiotics and faecal microbiota transplantation, and their relative merits with respect to modulating the intestinal community in a beneficial way are discussed.

TL;DR: Progress in disulfide engineering is reviewed, with an emphasis on the issue of stability and computational methods that facilitate engineering efforts.

TL;DR: It is proposed that differential coordination of kinase activation and Cx43 phosphorylation controls the specific routes of disassembly, e.g., annular junction formation or gap junctions can potentially “unzip” and be internalized/endocytosed into the cell that produced each connexin.

TL;DR: When, how and why p53 is activated upon ribosomal biogenesis stress, and how perturbation of this critical regulatory interplay may impact human disease are discussed.

TL;DR: The range of mammalian expression platforms available for recombinant protein production, as well as advances in technologies for the rapid and efficient selection of highly productive clones are highlighted.

TL;DR: This review will highlight key areas of investigation in the field, including establishment of the microbiota during early childhood, temporal variability of the microbiome in healthy adults, responses of the bacteria to intentional perturbations such as antibiotics and dietary changes, and prospective analyses linking changes in the microbiota to host disease status.

TL;DR: These findings demonstrated for the first time that miR‐145, miR'133a and miR •133b suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle progression of gastric cancer cells through decreasing expression of Sp1 and its downstream proteins.

TL;DR: Constant evidence suggests a critical role played by the low‐activity‐dimeric PKM2 in tumor progression, supported by the identification of mutations which result in the down‐regulation of its activity and tumorigenesis in a nude mouse model.

TL;DR: Differentiating the distinct signaling pathways that regulate these two channels will advance the current knowledge of cellular communication and aid in the development of novel rationally‐designed drugs for modulation of Panx and Cx activity, respectively.

TL;DR: The TP53 tumor suppressor gene is mutated in many human tumors, including common types of cancer such as colon and ovarian cancer, and various approaches have led to the identification of small molecules that can rescue mutant p53, including compounds that target specific p53 mutations.

TL;DR: The biochemical events underlying Merlin's normal function and tumor suppressive activity will be discussed in this Review, with emphasis on recent discoveries that have greatly influenced the understanding of Merlin biology.

TL;DR: A method for quantification of C1‐oxidized chitooligosaccharides (aldonic acids) and hence LPMO activity is described, used to quantify the activity of a four‐domain L PMO from Vibrio cholerae, GbpA, which is a virulence factor with no obvious role in biomass processing.

TL;DR: An updated overview on the current knowledge of gap junction‐ and hemichannel‐independent functions of connexins, in particular, their effects on tumorigenesis, neurogenesis and disease development is provided.

TL;DR: A brief overview of connexin hemichannels as functional channels is presented and a list of aspects to consider when concluding on their involvement is itemized.

TL;DR: Studies making use of detailed measures of translation, tRNA methyltransferase mutants, and computational and mass spectrometry approaches reveal that stress reprograms tRNA modifications to translationally regulate MoTTs linked to arginine and leucine codons, which helps cells survive insults by damaging agents.

TL;DR: Current evidence for G PC3 as a new target in liver cancer is summarized, both its oncogenic function and its mode of actions for current antibodies are discussed, and potential challenges for GPC3‐targeted anti‐cancer therapies are evaluated.

TL;DR: This review outlines various MS‐based strategies for protein biophysical characterization and reviews how these strategies provide structural information of mAbs at the protein level, peptide, and residue level (bottom‐up approaches), affording information on higher order structure, aggregation, and the nature of antibody complexes.

TL;DR: The current knowledge of bacterial pathogens that modulate host miRNA expression, focusing on mammalian host cells, is reviewed, and the implications of miRNA regulation on the outcome of infection are discussed.

TL;DR: This review considers Ume6‐atG8 and Pho23‐ATG9 transcriptional regulation in detail, as examples of how nuclear transcription factors and cytosolic machinery cooperate to determine autophagosome size and number, which are the two main mechanistic factors through which autophagy activity is regulated.

TL;DR: This review will discuss effective methods to reduce and even prevent the formation of aggregates in the course of recombinant protein production, which include cloning, expression, purification, concentration, and storage.

TL;DR: Emerging evidence from animal models of MS suggests a causal link with resident commensal bacteria, and several gut microbial metabolites and bacterial products may interact with the immune system to modulate CNS autoimmunity.

TL;DR: Current knowledge on the epigenetic changes that accompany X inactivation are summarized and the extent to which the inactive X chromosome may be epigenetically or genetically perturbed in breast cancer is discussed.

TL;DR: The efficacy of targeted therapies that target the signaling mechanisms by which oncogenic mutations sustain these malignant behaviors illustrate the power of a reductionist approach to the study of cancer.

TL;DR: Current state‐of‐the‐art methodologies of membrane protein synthesis in biomimetic‐supported systems are summarized and cell‐free systems utilizing the advantages of biological membranes are highlighted.

TL;DR: To enhance anti‐tumor efficacy, anti‐GD2 monoclonal antibodies and fragments have been engineered into immunocytokines, immunotoxins, antibody drug conjugates, radiolabeled antibodies, targeted nanoparticles, T‐cell engaging bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptors.