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Showing papers in "Fett-lipid in 1960"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The thin-layer chromatography makes possible the separation of the lipids in the different groups of substances and their qualitative analysis can be carried out in a short time as mentioned in this paper, and it is possible to investigate some chemical processes, such as oxydation-, saponification processes etc.
Abstract: Mit Hilfe der Dunnschicht-Chromatographie lassen sich die Lipoide in Stoffklassen auftrennen, und ihre qualitative Analyse ist in kurzer Zeit durchfuhrbar. Untersucht werden Gemische von Mono-, Di- und Triglyceriden, Hydroxy, Epoxy- und Episulfido-Fettsauren, Aldehyden und Amiden. Hierdurch wird eine Moglichkeit gegeben, verschiedene chemische Prozesse, wie z. B. Oxydations-, Verseifungsvorgange usw., zu untersuchen. Ferner wird die Trennung der verschiedenen Stoffklassen auf hydrophobierten Platten in ihre homologen Glieder besprochen. Getrennt wurden Fettsauren, Diglyceride, Epoxy- und Episulfido-Fettsauren, Fettalkohole sowie Triglyceride. Separation of Lipids by Thin-Layer Chromatography The thin-layer chromatography makes possible the separation of the lipids in the different groups of substances and their qualitative analysis can be carried out in a short time. Mixtures of mono-, di- and triglycerides, hydroxy-, epoxy- and episulfido-fatty acids, aldehydes and amides have been examined. It is possible to investigate some chemical processes, such as oxydation-, saponification processes etc. The separation of the different groups of substances on hydrophobic plates into their homologous components are further discussed. Fatty acids, diglycerides, epoxy- and episulfido-fatty acids, fatty alcohols as well as triglycerides were separated.

128 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the results of thin layer chromatography and paperchromatography and applying the Craig distribution and IR-spectroscopy were proved, proved, isolated and identified, and new compounds could be proved, identified and identified.
Abstract: Mit Hilfe eines neuen papierchromatographischen Verfahrens, unter Einsatz der bisher auf diesem Gebiet noch nicht angewendeten Dunnschicht-Chromatographie und durch die gezielte Verwendung der Craig-Verteilung und IR-Spektroskopie konnten neue Verbindungen nachgewiesen, isoliert und identifiziert werden. Die Papier-Chromatographie gestattet neben der qualitativen Analyse von Lipoidgesamtextrakten die quantitative Bestimmung aller in diesen Extrakten enthaltenen Phosphatide und Glykolipide, so das nunmehr systematische vergleichende Untersuchungen moglich sind. New Results in the Isolating and Analysis of Phosphatides and Glycolipids With the help of thin layer chromatography and paperchromatography and applying the Craig-distribution and IR-spectroscopy new compounds could be proved, isolated and identified. Paper chromatography allows the qualitative analysis of the lipid extracts and the quantitative determination of the phosphatides and glycolipids, contained in the lipid extracts, so that systematic comparative studies are now possible.

74 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the analysis of mixtures of odd-and even-numbered fatty acids from C7-C28 in the Undecane/Acetic acid system is presented.
Abstract: Die Vff. geben nach grundsatzlichen Uberlegungen uber geeignete pc-Systeme Beispiele von Trennungen der gerad- und ungeradzahligen Fettsauren im Bereich von C7-C28 im System Undecan/Essigsaure. Sie untersuchen das Auftreten der sog. „kritischen Paare” der Fettsauren und ermitteln empirische Gesetzmasigkeiten, die ihren Ausdruck in der „pc-Wertzahl” finden. The Chromatography in the Field of Fats XL: The Analysis of Mixtures of Fatty Acids and Glycerides I After giving a thorough treatise on the subject of the suitable systems the authors examplify it through the analysis of mixtures containing odd- and even-numbered fatty acids from C7-C28 in the Undecane/Acetic acid system. They have investigated throughly the appearance of socalled „Critical Pairs” of fatty acids and determined the empirical rule which governs them and have named it „pc Value Number”.

42 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
G. Boehmke1, R. Heusch1
TL;DR: In this article, a quantitative study of the mechanism of hydration of polyglycol ethers, which have obtained importance as emulsifiers, has been undertaken, based on viscosity measurements of the aqueous solutions of the substituted phenylglycolic ethers.
Abstract: Die quantitativen Verhaltnisse der Hydratisierungsvorgange bei Polyglykolathern, die als Emulgatoren Bedeutung erlangt haben, werden untersucht, Die Bestimmung erfolgt mittels Viskositatsmessungen wasriger Losungen von substituierten Phenylglykolathern, ferner - um den Nachweis verschiedener Hydratstufen zu erharten - mit Hilfe kalorimetrischer Messungen der Mischungswarmen und Hydratationswarmen u. a. Das Vorliegen einer recht bestandigen Hydratstufe 1:1 wird eingehend erortert. Zur Erklarung der Stabilitat sowie der starken Netzebenen-Verkurzung in diesem Verdunnungsbereich wird angenommen, das dieses eine Molekul H2O in Art einer Einschlusverbindung in die Polyatherkette eingebaut ist. Die Wasserloslichkeit wird auf das Vorliegen der Hydratstufe 1:4 zuruckgefuhrt. The Hydration of Polyglycol Ethers A quantitative study of the mechanism of hydration of polyglycol ethers, which have obtained importance as emulsifiers, has been undertaken. The determinations were done by viscosity measurements of the aqueous solutions of the substituted phenylglycol ethers. In order to detect various stages of hydration the heats of mixing and hydration were followed calorimetrically. The existence of stable monohydrate is discussed in detail. In order to explain the stability of this compound it is supposed that this molecule of water is taken up by polyether chain in the form of inclusion compounds. The solubility in water is explained due to the existence of a tetrahydrate.

24 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the sterol mixture is subjected to paper-chromatographic separation, using the zones separation method, paper impregnated with paraffin and 84% acetic acid as mobile phase.
Abstract: Die Sterine aus dem verseiften Fettgemisch werden nach dem Verfahren von Den Herder isoliert. Die anschliesende pc-Trennung von Cholesterin und den Phytosterinen wird mit Hilfe der Zonenchromatographie auf mit Paraffin impragniertem Papier und mit Essigsaure (84%) als mobile Phase durchgefuhrt. Auf diesem Wege ist es moglich, sehr geringe Mengen pflanzlicher Fette in einem Gemisch mit tierischen Fetten nachzuweisen. The Chromatography of Steorls and its Application for the Detection of Animal and Vegetable Fats Admixed with one another After saponifying the fatmixture the sterols are isolated from it according to the method of Den Herder. In order to separate cholesterol from the phytosterols, the sterol mixture is subjected to paper-chromatographic separation, using the zones separation method, paper impregnated with paraffin and 84% acetic acid as mobile phase. Thus in this way it is possible to determine small quantities of vegetable fat in animal fat or vice versa.

22 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The paper-chromatography in the field of Fats and Oils has been used for the analysis of fat acid mixtures containing myristic, palmitoleic and linoleic acids in addition to other constituants.
Abstract: Fettsaure-Gemische, die auser anderen Sauren Myristinsaure, Palmitoleinsaure und Linolsaure enthalten, werden zunachst im System Undecan/Essigsaure-Acetonitril getrennt und nach Anfarbung der Kupferseifen mit Rubeanwasserstoff photometrisch ausgewertet Der Farbfleck, der die vorgenannten kritischen Partner enthalt, wird extrahiert und das Gemisch der extrahierten Sauren mit Hilfe eines zweiten Chromatogramms unter Verwendung der katalytischen Hydrierung bzw der „Hydrier-Differenz-Methode” analysiert Die Anwendung dieser Methodik des „zweifachen Chromatogramms” wird am Beispiel des Pferdefettes, verschiedener Klauenole und eines Kaninchenfettes beschrieben The Paper-Chromatography in the Field of Fats and Oils XXXIX: Quantitative pc-Analysis of Fatty Acid-Mixtures Containing Palmitoleic Acid Fatty acid mixtures, which contain myristic, palmitoleic and linoleic acids in addition to other constituants, are separated on paper using the system undecane/acetic acid-acetonitril and evaluated photometrically after colouring the copper spots with dithio-oxamide The spot, which contains the abovementioned critical partners, is extracted and the mixture made to undergo the pc-separation once again either after hydrogenation or with the help of „Hydrogenation-Difference Method” As illustrations of the application of the method horse fat, rabbit fat and the oil from the feet of different animals have been analysed

21 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The blood lipids of two healthy and three sick persons have been investigated chemically as well as with the help of paper chromatography and spectrophotometry.
Abstract: Chemische, papierchromatographische und spektrophotometrische Untersuchung der Blutlipide von zwei gesunden und drei kranken Versuchspersonen (Arteriosklerose, essentielle Hyperlipidamie, xanthomatose Hypercholesterinamie). Biology of Fats X: Lipids from Blood Serum of Normal and Pathologic Humans and from Tissues Affected with Xanthomatosis: Methods and Normal Serum The blood lipids of two healthy and three sick persons have been investigated chemically as well as with the help of paper chromatography and spectrophotometry. The sick persons were suffering of Arteriosklerosis, essential Hyperlipidemie and xanthomatic Hypercholestrolemie.

16 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the fatty acid composition of Impatiens, Oiticica and Parinarium annamense Oil has been determined qualitatively as well as quantitatively using paper-chromatography.
Abstract: Die Zusammensetzung der Fettsauren von Impatients-, Oiticica- und Parinarium annamense-Ol wird qualitativ und quantitativ ermittelt. Oiticica- und Parinarium annamense-Ol enthalten Licansaure und Elaeostearinsaure in verschiedenen Mengenverhaltnissen. Das papierchromatographische Verhalten der Parinarsaure wird untersucht und die Zusammensetzung der wasserunloslichen Fettsauren des Impatiensols papierchromatographisch festgestellt. The Fatty Acid Composition of Some Conjugated Oils The fatty acid composition of Impatiens, Oiticica and Parinarium annamense Oil has been determined qualitatively as well as quantitatively. Whereas the only conjugated fatty acid occurring in Impatiens Oil is parinaric acid, both Oiticica and Parinarium annamense Oils contain licanic and elaeostearic acid in different proportions. The paper-chromatographic behaviour of parinaric acid has been studied and the fatty acid composition of water-insoluble fatty acids of Impatiens Oil has been determined with the help of paper-chromatography.

13 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors described the activity of antioxidants and in particular the redox system quinone/hydroquinone, which is based on the chemistry of the spontaneous and catalysed autoxidation of olefinic fatty acids and fats.
Abstract: Anhand der Vorstellungen uber den Chemismus der spontanen und der katalysierten Autoxydation olefinischer Fettsauren und Fette wird die Wirkungsweise der Antioxydantien, insbesondere des Partnerpaares Chinon/Hydrochinon erortert. Chinon wirkt als „Retarder”, Hydrochinon als „Inhibitor”, wahrend Chinhydron mit dem starksten antioxydativen Effekt beide Eigenschaften auf sich vereinigt. Chinon, Hydrochinon und Chinhydron entfalten ihre antioxydativen Eigenschaften uber intermediar gebildete Semichinon-Radikale, die ihrerseits mit den Radikalen der Autoxydationskette unter Kettenabbruch reagieren. Der sich abspielende reduktive Schritt (Semichinon Hydrochinon) ist mit Substituierung verknupft. Dehydrierung zum disubstituierten Chinon fuhrt zur Erschopfung der antioxydativen Wirkung des Systems Chinon/Hydrochinon. The Antioxidative Action of the System Benzoquinone-Hydroquinone The activity of antioxidants and in particular the redox system quinone/hydroquinone has been described. This is based on the chemistry of the spontaneous and catalysed autoxidation of olefinic fatty acids and fats. Quinone acts as „retarder” and hydroquinone as „inhibitor” while quinhydrone with the stronger antioxidative action has both properties. The antioxidative properties of quinone, hydroquinone and quinhydrone are due to the formed intermediate semiquinone radicals, which react with radicals of the autoxidation chain, resulting in the stop of the reaction. The reduction step (semiquinone hydroquinone) is accompanied with a substitution reaction. The dehydratation into disubstituated quinone results in the inhibition of the antioxidative axtivity of the system quinone/hydroquinone.

13 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation of fat bloom and different theories are discussed as well as the conditions for the manufacturing of Fat Bloom resistant chocolates, and the literature about research on cacao butter.
Abstract: Zusammenstellung des Schrifttums der Arbeiten uber Kakaobutter. Bericht uber Untersuchungen von Kakaobutter mit Hilfe von mikroskopischen, kalorimetrischen und dilatometrischen Methoden sowie Schemlzpunktbestimmungen. Untersuchungen der Kinetik der Kristallisation und Umwandlung einer Modifikation in die andere. Erklarungen der Bildung von Fettreif; Diskussion der verschiedenen Theorien. Angabe von Bedingungen fur die Herstellung reifresistenter Schokoladen. Cacao Butter and Fat Bloom Summary of the literature about research on cacao butter. Report on investigations of cacao butter with the help of microscopic, calorimetric and dilatometric methods as well as its melting point determinations. Investigations of the kinetic of crystallisation and its conversion to the other modification. The formation of fat bloom and different theories are discussed as well as the conditions for the manufacturing of fat bloom resistant chocolates.

12 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the synthesis of mixed tetraesters of diglycerol and 2,3-diurethan of (2,3dihydroxy-propyl)-(2′,3′-diacyl-glycerol)-ether as intermediate product.
Abstract: Herstellung von reinem Diglycerin und von (2,3-Dihydroxypropyl)-(2′,3′-diacyl-glyceryl)-athern uber den (2,3-Isopropyliden-glyceryl-1)-allyl-ather. Acyl-Reste C10-C16. Synthese gemischter Tetraester des Diglycerins und von 2,3-Diurethanen der (2,3-Dihydroxy-propyl)-(2′,3′-diacyl-glyceryl)-ather. Fatty Acid Esters of Diglycerol Synthesis of pure diglycerol and of (2,3-dihydroxy-propyl)-(2′,3′-diacyl-glycerol)-ether from (2,3-isopropyliden-glycerol-1)-allyl-ether as intermediate product. Acyl rest C10-C16. Synthesis of mixed tetraesters of diglycerol and 2,3-diurethan of (2,3-dihydroxy-propyl)-(2′,3′-diacyl-glycerol)-ether.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, two new names for surface active amphiphilytic compounds are discussed by the author: Tensid and Sapid, which indicate the orientation powers, which are responsible for the activities of the surface active amphibilytic compound on the surface of the solutions.
Abstract: Zwei neue Bezeichnungen fur grenzflachenaktive amphiphile Verbindungen werden vom Vf. zur Diskussion gestellt: Tensid und Sapid. Der Name Tensid deutet auf die Orientierungskrafte hin, die fur die Wirkungen der grenzflachenaktiven amphiphilen Verbindungen in Grenzflachen von Losungen verantwortlich sind; der Begriff schliest die Seifen mit ein. Um die Seifen von den Tensiden ohne Carboxylgruppe zu unterscheiden, wird fur die letzteren die Nomenklatur Sapid vorgeschlagen. Die Fragen, ob zu diesen nur die Aniontenside ohne Carboxylgruppe oder auch Kation-, Ampho- und nichtionogene Tenside gerechnet werden sollen, sind noch nicht geklart. Proposals for the Terminology of Surface Active Amphiphilytic Compounds Two new names for surface active amphiphilytic compounds are discussed by the author: Tensid and Sapid. The name tensid indicates the orientation powers, which are responsible for the activities of the surface active amphiphilytic compound on the surface of the solutions; the name includes the soaps. To distinguish the soaps from the tensids without carboxyl groups, the nomenclature sapid is proposed. The question whether only the aniontensids without carboxyl group to sapid belongs or also cation-, ampho- and non-ionie tensed, has not been solved.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors administered olive oil, linseed oil and lard to 14 psoriatikers and 7 healthy persons and determined the fatty acid composition and cholesterol content in the serum.
Abstract: Bei 14 Psoriatikern und 7 Gesunden nach Verabreichung von Olivenol, Leinol und Schmalz durchgefuhrte Bestimmungen der Fettsauren und des Cholesterins im Serum weisen auf Zusammenhange zwischen dem Lipoidstoffwechsel der Psoriasis hin. Besonders bei Belastungen mit Leinol waren bei den Psoriatikern die Gesamtfettsauren erniedrigt, die Cholesterin-Werte erhoht. Investigations on the Lipoid-Metabolism by the „Psoriatikers” The authors administered olive oil, linseed oil and lard to 14 psoriatikers and 7 healthy persons and determined the fatty acid composition and cholesterol content in the serum. A sort of relationship was found out in case of lipoid metabolism of psoriatikers. Specially if the amount of linseed oil administered was increased, the total fatty acid content was found to decrease and cholesterol value to increase.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined whether the ion-exchangers in nonaqueous solution can be utilised for the group separation among the waxes, and they showed that the wax acid components of natural or partially synthetic waxes in organic solvents can be separated and ultimately determined quantitatively using the adsorption chromatography technique and suitable anion exchangers.
Abstract: Es wird gepruft, ob die Verwendung von Ionenaustauschern in nichtwasrigen Losungen fur die Stoffgruppentrennung von Wachsen geeignet ist. Die Untersuchungen ergeben, das bei saulenchromatographischer Arbeitsweise unter Verwendung geeigneter Anionenaustauscher die Wachssaure-Komponente von Natur-oder partialsynthetischen Wachsen usw. in organischen Losungsmitteln abgetrennt und anschliesend bestimmt werden kann. Durch Ionenaustausch lassen sich nicht nur die freien Wachssauren einfach und genau erfassen, sondern auch nach vorhergehender Verseifung die gesamten bzw. gebundenen Wachssauren. Application of Methods of Ion-Exchange in the Wax-Analysis The authors examined whether the ion-exchangers in nonaqueous solution can be utilised for the group-separation among the waxes. The investigations show that the wax acid components of natural or partially synthetic waxes in organic solvents can be separated and ultimately determined quantitatively using the adsorption chromatography technique and suitable anion exchangers. Ion exchange method thus offers a simple and exact procedure for the determination of not only free wax acids but also the total or combined wax acids in case the mixture is saponified beforehand.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the analysis of n-paraffins from crude wax was described, which was then extended to a boiling range of the residues from diesel fuels, and the results showed that it is possible by far to isolate the nparaffin which however contain some contamination from naphthenes and some paraffins with side chains towards one of the ends.
Abstract: Es wird uber die Zerlegung der n-Paraffine von Rohgatschen berichtet. Die dabei verwendeten Gatsche entstammen einem Siedebereich, der sich vom Dieselkraftstoff bis einschlieslich Destillationsruckstand erstreckt. Die n-Paraffine werden zunachst durch Harnstoffaddukt-Bildung abgetrennt und diese n-Paraffine dann adsorptiv zerlegt. Die Untersuchungen ergeben, das eine weitgehende Auftrennung in einzelne n-Paraffine moglich ist, das diese aber noch geringe Anteile von z. B. Naphthenen, endverzweigten, langkettigen i-Paraffinen enthalten. The Analysis of Hydrocarbon Mixtures with the Help of Adsorptive and Preparative Methods The author has described the analysis of n-paraffins from crude wax. The wax used there by extended to a boiling range of the residues from diesel fuels. As the first step the n-paraffins had been separated through urea adduct formation and subsequently through adsorption. The investigations show that it is possible by far to isolate the n-paraffin which however contain some contamination from naphthenes and some paraffins with side chains towards one of the ends.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new elaborated calculation method was proposed to control the boiling points data and the replacement of equilibrium measurements, which is possible to control both boiling points and equilibrium measurements.
Abstract: Die Untersuchungen des Dampf-Flussigkeits-Gleichgewichtes mit Hilfe einer eingehend erlauterten Apparatur werden anhand der Systeme Ol-/Rizinolsaure, Palmitin-/Olsaure sowie Palmitin-/Stearinsaure durchgefuhrt. Die Versuche zeigen, das diese binaren Fettsaure-Gemische von den durch das Raoult-Dalton-Gesetz gegebenen Zusammenhangen abweichen. Die von den Vff. neu ausgearbeitete rechnerische Methode ermoglicht die auf Siedepunktsdaten fusende Kontrolle bzw. den Ersatz der Gleichgewichts-Messungen. Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium of Fatty Acids in Vacuum The examination of vapour-liquid equilibrium using an accurate apparatus has been done according to the oleic-ricinol acid, palmitic-oleic as well as palmitic-stearic systems. Form the experiments it is known, that these binair fatty acid mixtures exepted from the relations given by the Raoult-Dalton law. By the new elaborated calculation method, it is possible to control the boiling points data and the replacement of equilibrium measurements.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the subject of the replacement of cowsmilkfat by the vegetable fats for the feeding of infants, and discuss the single factors which influence the fat-utilisation by the infants, have been explained and their effects on the fat elimination emphasized.
Abstract: Die unterschiedliche Ausnutzung von Frauenmilch- und Kuhmilchfett bei Sauglingen wird an Hand von Bilanzuntersuchungen dargestellt. Einzelne Faktoren, welche die Fettausnutzung beim Saugling beeinflussen, werden erortert und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Fettausscheidung aufgezeigt. Die Problematik eines Ersatzes des Kuhmilchfettes durch pflanzliche Fette in der kunstlichen Ernahrung des Sauglings wird in Bilanzuntersuchungen behandelt. On the Metabolism of Fats in case of Infant-Nutrition The varied utilisation of humanmilkfat and cowsmilkfat by the sucklings has been investigated. Various single factors, which influence the fat-utilisation by the infants, have been explained and their effects on the fat-elimination emphasized. The authors discuss the subject of the replacement of cowsmilkfat by the vegetable fats for the feeding of infants.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A standardization of the test on the eyes of rabbit to examine the irritating effect of surface active and similar substances has been reported in this paper, by using a constant standard preparation reproduceable characteristics are obtained for the examined substances.
Abstract: Es werden Untersuchungen uber eine Standardisierung des Kaninchenaungen-Tests zur Prufung der Reizwirkung von Waschmitteln und ahnlichen Stoffen mitgeteilt. Durch Mitfuhrung eines gleichbleibenden Standardpraparates werden reproduzierbare Kennziffern fur die Reizwirkung der untersuchten Substanzen erhalten. Als Kennziffer fur die Reizwirkung wird die NaL-Zahl vorgeschlagen. Eine Nal-Zahl von 10 bedeutet, das die Reizwirkung dieser Substanz einer 2%igen Losung von Natriumlaurylsulfat entspricht. Standardization of the Test on the Eyes of Rabbit to Examine the Irritating Effect of Surface-Active Substances A standardization of the test on the eyes of rabbit to examine the irritating effect of surface-active and similar substances has been reported. By using a constant standard preparation reproduceable characteristics are obtained for the irritating effect of the examined substances. The NaL-value is proposed as a characteristic for the irritating effect. A NaL-value of 10 means that the irritating effect of this substance corresponds to a 2 per cent solution of sodiumlauryl-sulfate.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of surface active compounds on the eyes of rabbit was investigated. But the effects of the first mentioned class of compounds can be consideratly reduced by combining them with products of protein hydrolysis or their condensation products.
Abstract: Am Kaninchenauge uben Losungen der handelsublichen Fettalkoholsulfate und Alkylarylsulfonate in hoheren Konzentrationen Reizwirkungen aus, die bei Fettsaure-Eiweis-Kondensaten nicht auftreten. Durch Kombination der ersteren mit Eiweishydrolysaten oder deren Kondensationsprodukten mit Fettsauren kann die schleimhautreizende Wirkung wesentlich herabgesetzt werden. The Irritating Effect of Surface-Active Substances on the Eyes of Rabbit Whereas the effects of the fattyalcohol sulphates and the alkylaryl sulphonates, which are normally available in the market, in higher concentrations on the eyes of rabbits are irritant, the fattyacid-protein-condensates do not cause any irritating effects over the same. Thus the irritating effect of the first mentioned class of compounds can be consideratly reduced by combining them with products of protein hydrolysis or their condensation products.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the socalled cyclo-oils, prepared from cyclopentadiene and drying oils are investigated in reference to their chemical and physical constants, further on the time of drying, Sward rocker hardness etc., as well as the stability against shine, water and weather of the prepared surface-coating films.
Abstract: Die aus Cyclopentadien und trocknenden Olen hergestellten sog. Cycloole werden in bezug auf ihre chemischen und physikalischen Kennzahlen, ferner auf die Trockenzeit, Schaukelharte, Erichsen-Tiefung sowie die Glanz-, Wasser- und Wetterbestandigkeit der aus ihnen hergestellten Anstrichfilme untersucht. Copolymerisation in the Field of Surface-Coating Materials II: Investigations of Paint Technic on Copolymerisates from Cyclopentadiene and Drying Oils The socalled cyclo-oils, prepared from cyclopentadiene and drying oils are investigated in reference to their chemical and physical constants, further on the time of drying, Sward rocker hardness etc., as well as the stability against shine, water and weather of the prepared surface-coating films.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The seed oil of Impatiens glanduligera, which contains parinaric acid, is not toxic as discussed by the authors, and it is possible to follow the resorption of this oil with the help of UV-analysis in case it is fed to the animals.
Abstract: Das die Parinarsaure enthaltende Samenol von Impatiens glanduligera ist nicht toxisch. Seine Resorption kann im Tierversuch an Hand des UV-Spektrums verfolgt werden. Bei einmaliger Verabreichung an Ratten und Kaninchen erscheint die Parinarsaure zunachst im mesenterialen, dann im perirenalen, schlieslich im subkutanen und perigenitalen Fettgewebe. Bei langerer Futterung kehrt sich diese Reihenfolge und damit die „turnover rate” um. Biology of Fats IX: The Resorption of Conjugated Oils and the Distribution of Conjugated Fatty Acids in the Fat of some Experimental-Animals (1st. Communication: The Biochemistry of Conjugated Fatty Acids) The seed oil of Impatiens glanduligera, which contains parinaric acid, is not toxic. It is possible to follow the resorption of this oil with the help of UV-analysis in case it is fed to the animals. On administering this oil only once to the rats and the rabits, parinaric acid appears first in the mesenterial, then in the perirenal and last of all in the subcutaneous and perigenital fatty tissues. On being fed for rather a longer period, the above order of the appearance of this acid in various tissues and with that the turnover rate is reversed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a modification of the complexometric determination of NDGA in lard, based on the determination of the quantity of silver, formed in the reaction of the NDGA with buffer silver nitrate solution, is used for BHA.
Abstract: Die komplexometrische Methode der NDGA-Bestimmung in Schweinefett, beruhend auf der Bestimmung des Silbergehaltes, der bei der Reaktion von NDGA mit gepufferter Silbernitrat-Losung entsteht, wurde zur Bestimmung von BHA modifiziert. Vf. berichtet ferner uber eine Arbeitsweise zur Trennung von NDGA und BHA und ihre gleichzeitige komplexometrische Bestimmung in Schweinefett. The Complexometric Determination of Antioxidants III: Seminicro Determination of Butylhydroxyanisol in Lard and the Separation of NDGA and BHA A modification of the complexometric determination of NDGA in lard, based on the determination of the quantity of silver, formed in the reaction of NDGA with buffer silver nitrate solution, is used for BHA. The author further reports a method for the separation of NDGA and BHA, as well as the complexometric determination of same in lard.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a semi-Micro Complexometric Determination of Nordhydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) in lard with 50% methanol solution is presented.
Abstract: Zur Bestimmung von NDGA in Schweinefett extrahiert man die Losung derselben in Petrolather mit 50%igem Methanol. Die erhaltene Methanol-Losung reduziert in der Warme eine mit Natriumacetat gepufferte Losung von Silbernitrat; die Menge an ausgeschiedenem Silber wird komplexometrisch bestimmt. A New Semi-Micro Complexometric Determination of Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid in Lard For the determination of NDGA in lard is extracted in Petroleum ether with 50% of methanol solution. The obtained methanol extract reduces in warm a buffer solution of silver nitrate with sodium acetate and the separated silver can be determined complexometrically.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The resorption and deposition of Impatiens oil has been studied through ultra-violet spectroscopic investigation of blood lipids and fats from various organs after administering the emulsified oil to the rabits orally and through rectum.
Abstract: Nach oraler und rektaler Verabreichung von Emulsionen des Impatiens-Oles im Kaninchen-Versuch werden die Resorption und die Speicherung des Fettes durch UV-spektrometrische Messung der Blutlipoide und Organfette untersucht. Auch Versuche am Menschen werden beschrieben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, das kleine Mengen des emulgierten Fettes durch den Dickdarm resorbiert werden. Biology of Fats X: Experiments on Resorption of Conjugated Oils The resorption and deposition of Impatiens oil has been studied through ultra-violet spectroscopic investigation of blood lipids and fats from various organs after administering the emulsified oil to the rabits orally and through rectum. In addition to that experiments have been carried out on human beings. The results show that small amounts of emulsified fats are resorbed through large intestines.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the relative reactivity of double bonds in some of the Silico and Metallo-Organic Compounds is investigated, and the dependence of the reactivity on the position of the double bond with respect to the silicon atom in the homologous series R3Si(CH2)nCH2 is as follows: β > γ > α, for compounds of the formula R3MCH CH2, where M stands for the elements of the 4th main group of the periodic system, C < Si < Ge < Sn.
Abstract: Die Bestimmung der Rhodanzahlen ungesattigter Verbindungen des Siliciums, Germaniums und Zinns ist eine allgemeiner als die Bromometrie anwendbare Methode zur Ermittlung des ungesattigten Charakters derselben. Sie ist auserdem ein bequemes und schnelles Verfahren zur Ermittlung der relativen Reaktionsfahigkeit ungesattigter metallorganischer Verbindungen (Metalle der 4. Gruppe). Die Abhangigkeit der Reaktionsfahigkeit von der Stellung der Doppelbindung zum Silicium-Atom in der homologen Reihe R3Si (CH2)nCHCH2 ist folgende: β > γ > α, fur Verbindungen der Formel R3M CH CH2, worin M die Elemente der 4. Hauptgruppe des periodischen Systems sind, C < Si < Ge < Sn. About the Relative Reactivity of Double Bonds in Some of the Silico and Metallo-Organic Compounds The determination of thiocyanate values of unsaturated compounds of silicon, germanium and tin is more general than the methods using bromometry, for ascertaining their unsaturated character. It is, besides, a suitable and rapid procedure for determining the relative reactivity of the unsaturated metalloorganic compounds (metals of the 4th group). The dependence of the reactivity on the position of the double bond with respect to the silicon atom in the homologous series R3Si(CH2)nCHCH2 is as follows: β > γ > α, for compounds of the formula R3MCH CH2, where M stands for the elements of the 4th main group of the periodic system, C < Si < Ge < Sn.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors carried out the changes in the characteristic values of soybean oil, hydrogenated vegetable oils and lard which can take place during heating at 180°C.
Abstract: Veranderungen der Kennzahlen von Sojaol, gehartetem Pflanzenfett und Schweineschmalz beim Erhitzen auf 180°C. Tierversuche (Ratten) mit oral und subcutan verabreichtem raffiniertem und oxydiertem Sojaol. Chemical Changes in the Animal and Vegetable Fats during the Heat-Treatment and Reflections on the Evaluation of their Physiological Properties The authors have carried out the changes in the characteristic values of soybean oil, hydrogenated vegetable oils and lard which can take place during heating at 180°C. The physiological working of refined and oxidised soybean oil were carried out through peroral and subcutaneous administeration on rats.

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TL;DR: In this paper, it is proved that the copolymerisation of polyene oils with indene proceeds according to the Diels-Alder reaction, where indene plays the role of a dieneophilic partner.
Abstract: Beim Erhitzen von Polyenolen mit Inden entstehen Copolymerisate, die nach Sikkativ-Zusatz schnell trocknen und harte, elastische Filme von hohem Glanz ergeben. Anhand der Modellreaktion von Inden mit β-Elaeostearinsaure-methylester und durch die Isolierung einer definierten Verbindung aus dem Copolymerisat eines naturlichen Triglycerids und des Indens wird der Beweis erbracht, das die Copolymerisation von Polyenolen mit Inden nach Diels-Alder verlauft. Das Inden spielt hierbei die Rolle des dienophilen Partners. Copolymerisation in the Field of Paints and Varnishes III On heating the polyene oils with indene, a copolymerisate is formed which after the addition of siccative, gives rapidly dry and hard elastic films of high gloss. Using a model reaction of indene with β-elaeostearic acid methylester and through the isolation of a definite compound from the copolymerisate of a natural triglyceride and of indene, it is proved that the copolymerisation of polyene oils with indene proceeds according to Diels-Alder reaction. Here indene plays the role of a dieneophilic partner.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the effect of various factors, such as the temperature, duration of experiment, the presence of polar substances and the amount and acidity of bleaching earths on the decolourisation of raw, neutral groundnut oil containing soaps.
Abstract: Es wird der Einflus verschiedener Faktoren (Temperatur, Versuchsdauer, Oxydation, Gegenwart polarer Stoffe, Menge und Aciditat der Bleicherden) auf die Entfarbung roher, neutraler und seifenhaltiger Ole untersucht. The Influence of Some Factors on Decolourisation of Groundnut Oil The authors have examined the effect of various factors, such as the temperature, duration of experiment, the presence of polar substances and the amount and acidity of bleaching earths on the decolourisation of raw, neutral groundnut oil containing soaps.