Showing papers in "Field Crops Research in 1990"

TL;DR: The changes in grain-yield and harvest index achieved by plant breeding could be due to parallel changes in spike dry-weight at anthesis and pre-anthesis biomass partitioning to the spike.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the relationship between the amount of crop dry matter produced per unit of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation and the radiation-use efficiency (RUE) of a plant growing with adequate moisture and nutrients.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of high temperature on grain growth and final yield in field-grown maize (Zea mays L) has been investigated, and the effects of these temperature regimes on the linear rate of grain growth, the duration of the effective grain-filling period, the rate of development of milk-line and black-layer as indicators of maturity, and harvest index was examined.

TL;DR: Improvement in gnc may require an improvement in both post-anthesis N uptake and increased partitioning of that N to the grain, since nitrogen harvest index and other N-redistribution variables were not correlated with gnc.

TL;DR: The relation between leaf emergence and primordium initiation suggests control of apex development by emerging leaves, or vice versa, and an accumulation of growing leaves may regulate growth and development of the shoot apex.

TL;DR: Phenology and leaf growth of the tropical sorghum hybrid Dekalb DK55 were examined as functions of photoperiod and temperature, and leaf senescence was better related to calendar time than to thermal time, although there was significant scatter in both relationships.

TL;DR: It is shown that positive relations between seed size and yield occur in certain environments, and possible causes of the seed-size effect include effects of characteristics correlated with seed size that affect efficiency of certain physiological processes, or differences in adaptation resulting from limited gene exchange among gene pools differing in characteristic seed size.

TL;DR: Evaluated irrigation scheduling of soybean with CWSI as computed from measurements of infrared canopy temperature, air temperature, and vapor-pressure deficit found cloudy sky conditions do not occur with sufficient frequency in the central Great Plains to inhibit the timely use of the infrared thermometer for irrigation scheduling.

TL;DR: This method of analysis proved to be useful for evaluating the influence of the environment on grain-filling in a single cultivar, and the relationship between dry-weight per kernel and ear moisture was consistent for ten crops of Pioneer 3901 studied over five seasons, but the stage at which grain-Filling ceased varied.

TL;DR: Preliminary field screening with 127 cultivars of cassava was conducted in 1986/1987 to determine the relationships among single-leaf photosynthesis, shoot and total biomass, and storage-root tield, suggesting selection for high leaf photosynthesis is likely to lead to higher yield.

TL;DR: In this article, a two-year field study was conducted to determine whether differences in root growth contribute to the differing sensitivity to late-season season K deficiency of two cultivars.

TL;DR: Both corn and soybean of the dwarf-corn intercrops in the dry year of 1985 had a consistent trend of lower dry-matter and protein yields than in tall-cornintercrops at the same levels of N, and these differences did not consistently favour either corn hybrid in 1986.

TL;DR: The observed adaptations were reasonably successful in reducing the drought stress experienced by the faba beans crop, and offer some explanation for previous results which suggest faba bean yields are equally sensitive to drought stress during all developmental phases.

TL;DR: Wheat yield recovery after drought stress at tillering depended on the maintenance of kernel number in ears developed under stress and the production of many ears upon recovery, and became poorer as drought stress developed into the later tillering stage, which meant yield recovery became poorer.

TL;DR: Although harvest index of Ife BPC was no higher than that of the other cultivars, nor was harvest index enhanced by inoculation, the economic returns, assessed in terms of pod yields plus the soil-N-restoring ability, was highest for Ife PPC, while inoculated IfeBPC was of greater economic value than when uninoculated.

TL;DR: In this article, carbon budgets for the grain-filling period of irrigated and water-stressed sunflower crops were constructed using data from measurements of canopy carbon-dioxide exchange, root respiration, crop biomass and biomass composition.

TL;DR: In this article, a method proposed earlier to evaluate N utilization efficiency of 24 rice genotypes, and initially tested on a soil with high N fertility, was tested on the soil with low N fertility in order to evaluate the performance of the genotypes under contrasting conditions.

TL;DR: The accumulation and distribution of 15N-labeled fertilizer by wheat grown on a red-brown earth in the Goulburn-Murray Irrigation region was investigated in 1984 and 1986 as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Birch et al. as mentioned in this paper developed and evaluated a grain sorghum model (CERESSorghum ( SAT ) ) for use in the semi-arid tropics.

TL;DR: It is suggested that leaf-rolling may alter the leaf surface microclimate so that stomata may remain open and growth continue without associated high rates of water loss.

TL;DR: It is concluded that a cereal/grain-legume rotation in South Australia can be sustained in nitrogen balance only when legume residues are added to the soil by direct incorporation, or perhaps after grazing.

TL;DR: In plants relieved from water stress, leaf water-potential recovered much faster than nitrogenase activity in both species, and leghemoglobin was found to be more stable in the nodules of groundnut than cowpea.

TL;DR: By which intercropping may influence the dynamics of potato pest populations and disease incidence are discussed, special reference is made to warm tropical areas, where the potato is increasingly being cultivated, often as an intercrop.

TL;DR: It is concluded that grain-yield will not be reduced by the use of high plant density or vigorous cultivars which promote biomass production during early stages of growth, if rainfall is frequent at that time.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the emergence of kenaf seedlings can be modelled from a specified sowing depth by the summation of the thermal time required for germination and the lag and linear phases of hypocotyl elongation.

TL;DR: Four sorghum lines were visually selected to represent the most resistant and most susceptible in terms of desiccation tolerance and ability to produce new leaves and grain after release from drought, and the resistant lines within each maturity group had higher grain-yield than the susceptible lines; in the stress treatment this was largely due to better grain-set and tillering.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the practice of intercropping potato with sugarcane exploits the temporal complementarity between crops to the benefit of the farmer.

TL;DR: A computer model was used to analyse the water relations of the frequently irrigated (If) and unirrigated (Io) faba bean crops and indicated that the root and shoot adaptations were quite successful at reducing drought stress in the Io crop; without them the crop would probably have died prematurely.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated four contrasting intercropping systems, namely, pigeonpea-based intercrops, groundnut/millet and groundnut-pearl millet intercrop, along with sole crops from 1979 to 1982.